一种蓄电池储能系统容量优化配置方法

蓄电池储能单元是独立可再生能源发电系统中必不可少的环节,通过其充放电控制能够满足发电功率与复合之间的实时匹配。蓄电池储能系统成本比较高,在进行容量配置时通常需要综合考虑系统的指标要求与成本关系,从而尽可能在满足工作要求的情况下降低储能单元的成本。提出了一种蓄电池储能系统经济性模型,通过给定工作指标的要求利用遗传算法进行储能系统容量优化配置。     

风光互补发电系统混合储能系统容量优化方法研究

风光互补发电系统受风光资源影响发电功率波动较大,配置适当的储能系统可提高新能源发电的消纳能力和电能质量。针对风光互补发电系统储能容量优化配置问题,将运行投入成本作为优化目标,提出以抽水蓄能为基础,蓄电池和超级电容参与的混合储能系统模型。该储能模型以跟踪负荷曲线作为平抑目标函数,利用集合经验模态分解和滑动平均法,对抽水蓄能机组、蓄电池和超级电容设备进行功率分配。建立了风光发电系统模型,利用带免疫的粒子群算法对储能配置容量进行寻优求解。计算结果表明,所提基于抽水蓄能的混合储能容量优化模型,对发电系统输出功率波动情况改善明显,电能消纳能力和运行经济性有所提高。     

互补储能技术及其控制策略

储能单元作为可再生能源发电系统中必不可少的组成部分,在抑制功率波动性方面起着重要作用。针对单一储能系统功率或能量上存在的缺陷,根据蓄电池储能系统和超级电容储能系统在能量和功率上的优势,结合二者互补性,提出了面向可再生能源发电系统的互补储能技术,建立了蓄电池—超级电容器互补储能系统,并针对给定发电计划下的功率波动,给出了基于浮动平均法的控制策略。通过相应的实例分析,验证了模型和算法的有效性。     

基于RTDS风光储微网协调控制仿真研究

风能和太阳能作为清洁的可再生能源,具有很大的发展潜力。电池储能系统技术的更新,使得引入规模化、集成化的电池储能系统,构建风光储联合发电系统的开发利用越来越受到人们重视。文章介绍了风光储微网系统中各分布式发电系统(DG)的结构、系统特点及基本原理,利用实时数字仿真仪(RTDS)搭建了风光储微网的仿真模型,并验证了该微网系统的稳态并网试验,并设计了基于低通滤波器算法的风光储协调控制策略,从而提高风光储联合发电系统功率输出的平滑性和可调度性。     

可再生能源并网发电系统

可再生能源并网发电系统是将光伏阵列、风力机以及燃料电池等产生的可再生能源电力,通过并网逆变器直接反向馈入电网的发电系统。因为直接将电能输入电网,免除配置蓄电池,省掉了蓄电池储能和释放的过程,可以充分利用可再生能源所发出的电力,减小能量损耗,降低系统成本。并网发电系统能够并行使用市电和可再生能源作为本地交流负载的电源,降低整个系统的负载缺电率。     

超级电容器蓄电池混合储能独立光伏系统研究

建立了混合储能系统的数学模型,对系统性能的提升进行了定量分析。提出了一种无源式并联储能方案,并应用于独立光伏系统中,仿真和实验结果表明,在光伏系统的发电功率和负载功率脉动的情况下,蓄电池的充放电电流比较平滑。合理配置超级电容器组的容量,可以减少由于日照量变化所导致的蓄电池充放电小循环次数。对解决光伏等可再生能源系统中蓄电池储能的问题,具有现实意义。     

基于随机生产模拟的发电系统储能容量优化配置

在发电系统中配置储能可提高系统的灵活性,缓解高比例可再生能源发电并网给调峰带来的压力.在众多的储能技术中,蓄电池储能备受青睐,世界各国兴建了众多蓄电池储能示范项目以促进其发展.在电源端合理配置储能容量,有助于提高发电系统的经济性.为此,提出基于随机生产模拟的发电系统蓄电池储能容量优化配置模型,该模型以发电系统的综合成本...     

基于鲁棒优化的风光储联合发电系统储能配置策略

为响应高比例可再生能源的风光储联合发电系统储能侧灵活配置与调度,提出一种基于鲁棒理论的两阶段综合优化模型。第1阶段利用鲁棒优化理论构建可再生能源出力的不确定集,在分时电价的基础下以储能侧全生命周期成本、系统内总发电成本、联络线功率波动及成本最小为目标配置储能功率、容量及联络线功率;第2阶段以联络线功率偏移量及系统内发电成本最小为目标规划储能侧各时段充放电功率及常规机组出力。用群体智能算法——飞蛾扑火算法的改进对模型进行求解,利用IEEE 9节点系统验证模型合理性与算法有效性。     

平抑风光互补系统短时复合功率波动的 储能容量配置研究

摘要： 针对风光互补系统日内局部功率波动平抑问题,提出了一种风光储共建系统的储能容量匹配方法。在分析影响配置储能容量的相关因素基础上,建立了反映风光储共建系统发电效益与相关约束的指标,并提出一种配置储能容量的计算方法。所提方法通过构建风光复合功率波动量的概率密度函数,设定储能设备额定充放电功率,进而得到储能系统的额定容量。以甘肃某风光互补电站为例,对风光储发电系统的相关指标进行计算分析,验证了所提方法的有效性。     

区域多能源电网可再生能源发电容量规划及投资收益优化模型

针对地区型多种能源形式接入的区域电网,研究了可再生能源发电容量与区域电网内其他多能源形式协调优化及可再生能源发电设备运行效益问题。以高比例风力发电、光伏发电、固体蓄热式电锅炉、电制天然气、燃气储能、热力储能系统构成的区域多能源系统模型研究为基础,提出基于不同调度时间尺度的区域可再生能源发电容量规划和投资效益优化模型。首先,研究区域电网内多能源供能、传输和负荷设备的能源供给和消耗特性,建立基于高比例可再生能源发电不确定性的多能源电网功率平衡模型;其次,研究大规模可再生能源不确定性、动态电价响应、系统运行状态的约束模型,建立区域可再生能源容量配置与收益多目标优化模型及其求解方法;最后,利用东北某地区多能源电网实际运行数据,建立可再生能源发电容量规划及投资收益优化仿真模型。仿真结果表明,文章所建立的可再生能源容量和效益优化模型,能够在保证较高投资效益的前提下,实现较小的可再生能源容量配置。     

Operation strategy of distributed energy storage system with multi-battery under output smoothing scenario

随着光伏发电在电网中渗透率的不断增加,光伏发电功率的不确定性和间歇性引起的光伏并网和弃电问题已引起关注。而采用"光伏+储能"的模式,却能有效缓解这一问题。在考虑储能电池容量衰退和光伏弃电率下,通过对不同光伏子阵配备的不同类型储能电池系统的运行进行仿真模拟,以消除光伏发电随机波动特性对电网的冲击为目的,研究平滑输出场景下分布式储能系统的电池的操作策略,优化储能系统中各储能电池子阵的运行。最后,采用共和地区20 MW （峰值）储能实证基地项目多电池储能系统实际案例对本模拟方法进行了验证。     

基于电池储能系统和双重扩展卡尔曼滤波的风能发电智能调度技术研究

风能等新能源发电系统在供电体系中的占比越来越大,但其随机性和波动性问题,将风力发电厂输出的电力直接向电网调度会造成安全隐患。为了解决这一问题,基于电池储能系统提出了一种风能发电智能调度技术,该技术以风力发电动力学模型和电池储能系统状态模型为基础,利用双重扩展卡尔曼滤波算法实现了风能发电系统的稳定输出。以某地风速实测数据和电网需求功率为参考,对不同算法的输出功率预测值进行了仿真分析和实验对比。结果表明：提出的改进算法预测的风速值误差相比于传感器观测值平均误差降低了28%以上,可以更准确地提供发电系统输出功率;提出的智能调度技术可以使电压波动幅度降低60%以上,系统整体输出功率稳定在参考功率附近,误差不超过2%,有一定的实用意义。     

Techno-economic analysis of hydrogen energy for renewable energy power smoothing

With the increasing proportion of renewable energy (mainly wind power and photovoltaic) connected to the grid, the fluctuation of renewable energy power brings great challenges to the safe and reliable operation of power grid. As a clean, low-carbon secondary energy, hydrogen energy is applied in renewable energy (mainly wind power and photovoltaic) grid-connected power smoothing, which opens up a new way of coupling hydrogen storage energy with renewable energy. This paper focuses on the optimization of capacity of electrolyzers and fuel cells and the analysis of system economy in the process of power output smoothing of wind/photovoltaic coupled hydrogen energy grid-connected system. Based on the complementary characteristics of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and chemical reaction optimization algorithm (CROA), a particle swarm optimization-chemical reaction optimization algorithm (PSO-CROA) are proposed. Aiming at maximizing system profit, the capacity of electrolyzers and fuel cells are constrained by wind power fluctuation, and considering environmental benefits, government subsidies and time value of funds, the objective function and its constraints are established. According to the simulation analysis, by comparing the calculated results with PSO and CROA, it shows that PSO-CROA effectively evaluates the economy of the system, and optimizes the optimal capacity of the electrolyzers and fuel cells. The conclusion of this paper is of great significance for the application of hydrogen energy storage in the evaluation of power smoothness and economy of renewable energy grid connection and the calculation of economic allocation of hydrogen energy storage capacity.     

Review on combined wind power generation and energy storage systems

储能系统由于能够实现电能的时空平移,具有响应速度快,规模化等优点,是改善风电波动性,提高其并网能力的有效手段,构建风储联合发电系统成为目前研究重点.简单介绍了风电并网对电力系统的影响及不同类型电池储能技术的发展现状,给出了部分国内外风储联合发电系统的示范工程,并分析了平滑风电功率波动,跟踪计划出力曲线和削峰填谷3种主要运行方式,重点阐述了目前风储联合发电系统控制策略和储能容量配置研究现状,对进一步开展风储联合发电系统的研究进行了展望,指出经济性仍然是制约储能技术应用的关键问题之一,提高包含储能单元的风储联合发电系统的经济性是今后的研究重点.     

针对并网型风储微网的飞轮储能阵列系统控制方法CSCD

由于新能源发电存在波动性和间歇性,其大量接入时会给电网运行带来新的困难,而利用储能技术提高新能源的可调度性是当前研究的热点。为缓解新能源并网对电力系统的不良影响,针对并网型风储微网提出了一种基于飞轮储能阵列系统的分层优化控制方法,上层优化中心根据功率缺额和各台飞轮的转速建立相应充/放电优化模型,并求解相应飞轮的功率参考值;下层飞轮控制器采用双模双环控制方法,实现飞轮转速和输出功率的控制,最后通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真验证了所提控制方法的有效性和可行性。     

Distributed generation integrated with thermal unit commitment considering demand response for energy storage optimization of smart grid

This paper deals with an optimal battery energy storage capacity for the smart grid operation. Distributed renewable generator and conventional thermal generator are considered as the power generation sources for the smart grid. Usually, a battery energy storage system (BESS) is used to satisfy the transmission constraints but installation cost of battery energy storage is very high. Sometimes, it is not possible to install a large capacity of the BESS. On the other hand, the competition of the electricity market has been increased due to the deregulation and liberalization of the power market. Therefore, the power companies are required to reduce the generation cost in order to maximize the profit. In this paper, a thermal units commitment program considers the demand response system to satisfy the transmission constraints. The BESS capacity can be reduced by the demand response system. The electric vehicle (EV) and heat pump (HP) in the smart house are considered as the controllable loads of the demand side. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by extensive simulation results which ensure the reduction of BESS capacity and power generation cost, and satisfy the transmission constraints.     

A new approach of sizing battery energy storage system for smoothing the power fluctuations of a PV/wind hybrid system

In this paper, a new approach for optimally sizing the storage system employing the battery banks for the suppression of the output power fluctuations generated in the hybrid photovoltaic/wind hybrid energy system. At first, a novel multiple averaging technique has been used to find the smoothing power that has to be supplied by the batteries for the different levels of smoothing of output power. Then the battery energy storage system is optimally sized using particle swarm optimization according to the level of smoothing power requirement, with the constraints of maintaining the battery state of charge and keeping the energy loss within the acceptable limits. Two different case studies have been presented for different locations and different sizes of the hybrid systems in this work. The results of the simulation studies and detailed discussions are presented at the end to portrait the effectiveness of the proposed method for sizing of the battery energy storage system. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modeling,control and simulation of a photovoltaic /hydrogen/ supercapacitor hybrid power generation system for grid-connected applications

Hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) should be designed appropriately with an adequate combination of different renewable sources and various energy storage methods to overcome the problem of intermittency of renewable energy resources. Focusing on the inevitable impact on the grid caused by strong randomicity and apparent intermittency of photovoltaic (PV) generation system, modeling and control strategy of pure green and grid-friendly hybrid power generation system based on hydrogen energy storage and supercapacitor (SC) is proposed in this paper. Aiming at smoothing grid-connected power fluctuations of PV and meeting load demand, the alkaline electrolyzer (AE) and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and SC are connected to DC bus of photovoltaic grid-connected generation system. Through coordinated control and power management of PV, AE, PEMFC and SC, hybrid power generation system friendliness and active grid-connection are realized. The validity and correctness of modeling and control strategies referred in this paper are verified through simulation results based on PSCAD/EMTDC software platform.     

运用虚拟同步机技术的新型兆瓦级光-储并网结构

提出一种新型的VSG光-储分布式发电系统结构,该方案在传统光-储并网发电系统的逆变器后端另外添置了一套储能电池。这样不但可提高光伏组件的工作效率,避免光伏出力变化对系统频率造成影响,而且还可根据电网负荷的异常波动情况及时有效地输出有功及无功功率,达到稳定电网频率、电压的作用。系统的动态分析及仿真结果证明了该新型光-储并网发电系统结构能够实现新能源并网的目标与要求。     

基于模糊控制的光伏飞轮储能系统有功平滑控制

鉴于太阳日照的间歇性和随机性使光伏发电输出的有功功率会随日照强度的变化而波动,进而影响电能质量、增加了对电网的冲击,在分析光伏飞轮储能系统的结构和特性的基础上,提出了一种基于模糊控制的光伏飞轮储能系统有功平滑控制,利用Matlab/Simulink平台,通过算例仿真分析了光伏飞轮储能系统的飞轮转速、功率输出状况及平滑系数,并与无飞轮储能、简单飞轮储能两种装置进行了比较。结果表明,基于模糊控制的光伏飞轮储能系统有功平滑控制方法较大程度地减小了平滑系数、有效提高了功率的平滑输出、减小了对电网的冲击,验证了模糊控制的有效性和可行性。