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以溴苯和苯乙炔为原料,经过Sonogashira偶联反应得到1,2-二苯乙炔,产物结构经1H NMR、13C NMR和ESI-MS确证。并对Sonogashira偶联反应条件进行研究,确定最佳条件为:物料比为n (溴苯)∶n (苯乙炔)=1.5∶1;催化剂Pd(PPh3)2Cl2用量为n(Pd(PPh3)2Cl2)∶n(苯乙炔)=0.04∶1;PPh3用量为n(PPh3)∶n(苯乙炔)=0.3∶1;Cu I用量为n(Cu I)∶n(苯乙炔)=0.1∶1;反应溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和三乙胺的混合溶剂(V∶V=2∶1);反应温度70℃;反应时间8 h;产物收率为88.7%。按照最佳反应条件,4-甲氧基溴苯与4-甲氧基苯乙炔反应得到1,2-双(4-甲氧基苯基)乙炔,收率为84.3%。 相似文献
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以4-三氟甲基苯胺为原料,经重氮化、Grignard反应、Wolff-Kishner-黄鸣龙还原反应制得标题化合物.研究表明:n(Mg)∶n(4-三氟甲基溴苯)∶n(草酸二乙酯)=1.2∶1∶1.5、反应温度为50~60 ℃、n(4-三氟甲基苯乙酮酸乙酯)∶n(水合肼)=1∶1.2,总收率68.4%,并通过~1HNMR对中间体及产物进行了结构确证. 相似文献
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以硬脂酸、N,N-二甲基乙醇胺(DMEA)和γ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷为原料合成酯基三甲氧基有机硅季铵盐,采用FTIR,ESI-MS和1HNMR对中间体及终产物进行了结构表征,结果与目标结构一致。通过正交试验,得到中间体硬脂酸二甲基乙醇胺酯的优化合成工艺条件:反应温度为180℃,反应时间为8 h,n(硬脂酸)∶n(DMEA)=1∶1.6,催化剂用量为原料总质量的0.5%。季铵化合成产物的优化工艺条件:在N2保护下,反应温度为110℃,n(硬脂酸二甲基乙醇胺酯)∶n(γ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷)=1∶1.4,催化剂用量为原料总质量的0.5%,反应时间为28 h。并通过稳态荧光法测得产物在298 K下的临界胶束浓度为0.009 3 g·L-1。 相似文献
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微波辐射合成4,4',4"-三硝基三苯胺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用微波辐射技术,以对硝基苯胺和4-氯硝基苯为原材料,叔丁醇钾为碱,氟化钾和四甲基氯化铵为催化荆,二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为溶荆合成了4,4',4"-三硝基三苯胺.研究了溶剂、碱、催化剂、微波功率、反应时间、反应温度和原材料之间配比等对4,4',4'-三硝基三苯胺收率的影响.实验结果表明,微波辐射下可以促进合成4,4',4"-三硝基三苯胺,其最佳工艺条件为:在微波辐射下,以叔丁醇钾作为碱,氟化钾和四甲基氯化铵为催化荆,二甲基亚砜(DMSO)作为溶剂,微波功率为125W,反应温度为130℃,反应时闻为30min,对硝基苯胺、4-氯硝基苯与叔丁醇钾的摩尔比为1:3:2.利用此最佳工艺条件,4,4',4"-三硝基三苯胺的收率最高可达98.2%. 相似文献
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采用固相合成法制备了(Ba(1-α)Srα)4.8(Sm0.7La0.3)8.8Ti18O54(α=0.1~0.5)系陶瓷,表征了该陶瓷的相组成和显微结构,测试了微波介电性能.结果表明:α=0.3时,(Ba(1-α)Srα)4.8(Sm0.7La0.3)8.8Ti18O54系陶瓷为单相的新钨青铜结构固溶体.α>0.3时,相继出现了第二相BaLa2Ti4O12和La0.66TiO2.993.随α的增加,(Ba(1-α)Srα)4.8(Sm0.7La0.3)8.8Ti18O54系陶瓷的相对介电常数(εr)先增大后有所波动,品质因数(Qf)先增大后减小,谐振频率温度系数(τf)单调减小.α=0.3时,在1 350℃烧结的陶瓷的微波介电性能最佳:εr=98.77,Qf=5184GHz,τf=10.9×10-6/℃,优于不掺杂的BaO-Sm2O3-TiO2陶瓷的. 相似文献
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叙述了Fe3 、Zn2 、Mn2 、Cu2 、Ca2 、Mg2 等离子共存体系中采用六次甲基四胺 -铜试剂沉淀除去Fe3 、Zn2 、Mn2 、Cu2 等干扰离子 ,用EDTA滴定钙镁的方法 ,该方法钙的回收率在 99.7%~ 10 0 .3 % ;镁的回收率在 10 0 .0 %~ 10 0 .4% ,标准偏差为 0 .0 2 2。 相似文献
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采用传统电子陶瓷制备技术和工业原料制备了新型(1-x)(K0.485Na0.485>Li0.03)NbO3-Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3少铅压电陶瓷,研究了该体系陶瓷的压电性能及微观结构.X射线衍射分析表明:在1250℃烧结3h的条件下,所有陶瓷样品都具有纯的钙钛矿结构和高致密性,并且在室温下形成了正交相和四方相共存的结构.x=0.75时,陶瓷的压电性能达到最佳:压电常数d33=363 pC/N,机电耦合系数kp=63%,相对介电常数εr=1 590,介质损耗tanδ=1.70%. 相似文献
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《Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology》2013,27(6):655-672
Calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings can be applied to improve the biological performance of polymeric medical implants. For clinical applications, a strong adhesion of the coating to the polymeric substrate is important. Therefore, the adhesion of rf magnetron-sputter-deposited CaP coatings on five polymers was studied: polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). To influence the adhesion, the interface was varied in six different ways, e. g. by a plasma or ion-beam pretreatment, or by using a Ti interlayer. The adhesion was determined by using scratch, tensile and 180° bend tests. Especially the polymers PE and PS needed a bombardment by energetic particles prior to or during coating deposition, to enable the formation of chemical bonds between the coating and the polymer, which gave adhesion. On PLLA and PDMS, being oxygen containing polymers, it was easier to establish a strong interface. An overtreatment of the polymeric substrates gave worse adhesion, probably due to the formation of weak low molecular weight (LMW) layers on the polymer. On PTFE, the use of a Ti interlayer was necessary to prevent the PTFE from UV degradation during coating deposition, as this caused cohesive failure within the PTFE. The results showed that each polymer requires a different approach for obtaining optimal adhesion. The observed adhesion could often be explained in the terms of processes occurred during the pretreatment of the polymers or the deposition of the coating. 相似文献
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The ternary complexes of formulae cis-[(NH(3))(2)Pt(nucl)(amac)]NO(3), where nucl = guo and cyd (guanosine and cytidine) and amac = the deprotonated aminoacids glycine (gly), L-alanine (ala), L-2-aminobutyric acid (2-aba), L-norvaline (nval) and L-norleucine (nleu), were prepared from the reactions of the binary chelated ones cis-[(NH(3))(2)Pt(nucl)(amac)]NO(3) with the nucleosides.They were characterized by (1)H, (13)C and (195)Pt NMR and IR spectra, together with elemental analysis and conductivity measurements. The aminoacids coordinate with Pt(II) in the ternary complexes with their terminal -NH(2) groups, guo through N(7) and cyd through N(3). Ligand-ligand hydrophobic interactions were also observed in the ternary complexes and were stronger with longer aliphatic chains of the aminoacids. The (3)E sugar conformation increased by 5-7% in the ternary systems, as compared to the free nucleosides, while the percentage of the gg conformation remained almost constant and the one of the anti conformation of the sugar increased also slightly. Finally, the h conformer around the C(alpha)-C(beta) bonds of the aminoacids reached a maximum in the binary systems and decreased again considerably in the ternary ones. 相似文献
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系统研究(1-y)[(Na0.80K0.16Li0.04)0.5Bi0.5]TiO3-yBa(Zr0.055Ti0.945)O3无铅压电陶瓷,获得压电应变常数高达185pC/N的0.94[(Na0.80K0.16Li0.04)0.5Bi0.5]-TiO3-0.06Ba(Zr0.055Ti0.945)O3压电陶瓷。样品的晶体结构为三方相、四方相共存,处于准同型相界(morphotropic phase boundary,MPB)附近。该类陶瓷室温MPB的摩尔(下同)含量为0.050y0.065。样品y=0.060在40°左右的(003)、(021)双峰与46.5°左右的(002)、(200)双峰分裂最明显。随着Ba(Zr0.055Ti0.945)O3含量的增加,铁电相-反铁电相相变温度(θd)升高、反铁电相-顺电相相变温度(θm)降低;θd和θm的温差越来越小,材料的弛豫性逐渐降低。 相似文献
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采用传统陶瓷工艺,研究了制备[(Na0.5Bi0.5)0.82(K0.5Bi0.5)0.18]1-xLaxTiO3(x=0.00,0.01,0.03,0.05,0.10)无铅压电陶瓷的工艺条件对陶瓷的物相组成、显微结构和压电性能的影响。利用XRD、SEM等技术分析结果表明,合成温度的提高有利于主晶相的形成,且此系统烧成温度范围较窄,故需控制在合适的烧成温度下才能得到高致密度的陶瓷。同时,研究了极化工艺条件对材料压电性能的影响,结果表明,提高极化电场强度、控制适当的极化温度有利于提高材料的压电性能。 相似文献