Retrospective reports on the causes of decisions: Correction to Wright and Rip.

Reports an error in the original article by Peter Wright and Peter D. Rip (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1981, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 601-614). The first sentence on page 607 refers to the cells of Table 1 incorrectly. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1982-05780-001.) Two experiments examined a person's ability to retrieve valid memories of the causes of prior judgments of preference. In Exp I, 140 high school students and their parents judged profiled colleges in a within-S design, reported his or her reactions to the colleges' features, and guessed the reactions of the other family members. The self-reports were more accurate than the guesses by the observers, implying that the self-reports did not stem from a public theory of the actor. In Exp II, 48 high school sophomores either judged colleges after exposure to information that influenced which features drew strong reactions or received no information. Ss then received either instructions motivating careful retrieval and candid reporting of memories or ones motivating the reporting of certain reactions to impress others. The Ss motivated to try retrieval achieved higher accuracy than 24 graduate student observers who tried to infer the S's reactions from knowledge of the overt judgments. Results suggest that accurate retrieval-based reporting of earlier misjudgment reactions to attributes of a stimulus may be possible. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Retrospective reports of parental physical affection and parenting style: A study of Finnish twins.

Individual differences in parenting behaviors are due, in part, to genetic factors. In the present study, the authors sought to determine whether the degree of genetic influence varied according to the type of parental behavior under consideration. A population-based sample of 2,334 pairs of Finnish twins provided ratings on the physical affection, control, abusiveness, and indifference shown by their father and mother during childhood. Genetic influences, shared environmental influences, and nonshared environmental influences accounted for a small-to-medium proportion (17%-30%), a small-to-large proportion (22%-44%), and a medium-to-large proportion (37%-55%) of the variance in each parenting measure, respectively. There were no significant differences in effect sizes for mothers and fathers or across the 4 types of parental behavior. The genetic results may reflect characteristic styles with which parents respond to genetically influenced behaviors of individuals (gene-environment correlations) or individual perceptions of this relationship (gene-person correlation processes). The findings have implications for intervention and prevention work with families and for interpretation of evidence for interactions between genes and parenting behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Annual reports: Committee reports.

Presents annual reports from committees of the Canadian Psychological Association. The individual committees included are: Accreditation Committee; By-laws, Rules and Procedures Committee; Continuing Education Committee; Convention Committee; Committee on Education and Training; Elections Committee; Committee on Ethics; Committee on Fellows and Honorary President; International Relations Committee; Membership Committee; Nominating Committee; Professional Affairs Committee; Public Information Committee; Publications Committee; Scientific Affairs Committee; Committee on Sections; and Committee on the Status of Women. Sections reports are also provided, including: Behavioural Science and Applications in the Military; Brain and Behaviour; Community Psychology; Health Psychology; Industrial/Organizational Psychology; Programme Evaluation; Psychological Gerontology; Psychology and Religion; Psychology of Sport and Physical Fitness; Psychophysiology; Social Responsibility; and Women and Psychology. Following the sections reports, division reports are presented. The individual divisions are: Applied Division and Experimental Division. Finally, journal reports are provided, including: Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne and Canadian Journal of Behavioural Sciences/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Annual reports: Committee reports.

Presents the annual committee reports of several committees within the Canadian Psychological Association. The reports include items of business and panel activities for each committee. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Group decisions.

Cites the example of decision making regarding the location of 118 overseas plants by US firms to show that decisions made by either a task force or the board of directors were rated as more effective than were those made by a single executive. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Annual reports.

Presents annual reports (1985) from the Canadian Psychological Association, including reports from the Constitution and By-Laws Committee; the Continuing Education Committee; the Convention Committee; the Elections Committee; the Committee on Ethics; the Committee on Fellows and Honorary President; the International Relations Committee; the Nominating Committee; the Professional Affairs Committee; the Publications Committee; the Scientific Affairs Committee; the Committee on Sections; and the Committee on the Status of Women. Sections reports are also provided, including reports from the sections on Brain and Behaviour; Community Psychology; Educational Psychology; Health Psychology; Industrial/Organizational Psychology; Programme Evaluation; Psychology and Religion; Psychopharmacology; Social Psychology; and Women and Psychology. The sections reports are followed by division reports, including reports from the Applied Division and the Experimental Division. Journal reports are then presented, including reports from Canadian Psychology; Canadian Journal of Psychology; and Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Fair selection decisions.

Judges were asked to fairly assign priority ratings to hypothetical candidates applying to medical school, given information about their Medical College Aptitude Test scores, grade-point averages, and group memberships (majority or minority). The affirmative action goal and the qualifications of minorities relative to majorities in the applicant pool were also manipulated. When there is no specified affirmative action goal nor differences between groups in the applicant pool, minorities and majorities are treated similarly. When either group differences in the applicant pool occur or affirmative action goals are introduced, decision makers assign higher priority ratings to minorities than to equally qualified majority applicants. When both factors are operating, minorities receive an even bigger boost. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that decision makers evaluate minority and majority candidates in the same way; differences between groups occur in the response function. Equally qualified majority and minority candidates are assigned to different categories, depending on the size of the affirmative action goal and the extent to which the two groups differ in the applicant pool. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Individual unionization decisions.

An important component of the employee unionization process is the prediction of the individual's decision to vote for or against union representation. We propose and test a path model that includes the following variables: wage level, extrinsic job satisfaction, satisfaction with administration, perceived union instrumentality, voting intentions, and report on vote. We derived data on the relations among these variables through meta-analyses of the results of 14 individual-level unionization studies. The results of the path analyses suggest that (a) a sequential structure exists among predictors, (b) the relation between intent to vote and report on vote is one of measurement rather than causality, and (c) many individuals do not go through a complete sequential decision process. In view of these findings, we discuss some of the major substantive and research implications for the prediction of the individual's unionization decision. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

2006 reports of the regional associations.

Presents the reports of the 2006 annual meetings of the regional psychological associations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

2003 reports of the regional associations.

Presents the 2003 reports from the annual meetings of the Eastern Psychological Association, Rocky Mountain Psychological Association, Southeastern Psychological Association, Western Psychological Association, Southwestern Psychological Association, and Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

2002 reports of the regional associations.

Presents the 2002 reports of the regional associations' annual meetings. The regional associations include the Eastern, Midwestern, New England, Rocky Mountain, Southeastern, Western, and Southwestern Psychological Associations and the Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

2007 reports of the Regional Associations.

Provides the 2007 reports of APA's Regional Associations. Included are the annual meeting reports from the Eastern Psychological Association, Midwestern Psychological Association, New England Psychological Association, Rocky Mountain Psychological Association, Southeastern Psychological Association, Southwestern Psychological Association, and Western Psychological Association. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

2000 reports of the regional associations.

Presents the 2000 reports for the annual meetings of the Eastern Psychological Association, Midwestern Psychological Association, New England Psychological Association, Rocky Mountain Psychological Association, Southeastern Psychological Association, Western Psychological Association, Southwestern Psychological Association, and the Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

2008 reports of the regional associations.

Presents summaries of the 2008 reports of the regional associations. Summaries of several conferences are included in this presentation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

1995 reports of the regional associations.

Presents the 1995 reports of the Western Psychological Association, Midwestern Psychological Association, Eastern Psychological Association, Rocky Mountain Psychological Association, Southwestern Psychological Association, Southeastern Psychological Association, New England Psychological Association, and Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology. (0 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

1998 reports of the regional Associations.

Presents the reports of the regional Associations for 1998. The reports included here are: Eastern Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Ninth Annual Meeting; Midwestern Psychological Association--Report of the Seventieth Annual Meeting; New England Psychological Association--Report of the Thirty-Eighth Annual Meeting; Rocky Mountain Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Eighth Annual Meeting; Southeastern Psychological Association--Report of the Forty-Fourth Annual Meeting; Western Psychological Association--Report of the Seventy-Eighth Annual Meeting; Southwestern Psychological Association--Report of the Forty-Fourth Annual Meeting; and Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology--Report of the Ninetieth Annual Meeting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

1994 reports of the regional associations.

Presents reports of the annual meetings of regional psychological associations. The reports presented here include: Western Psychological Association--Report of the Seventy-Fourth Annual Meeting; Midwestern Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Sixth Annual Meeting; Eastern Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Fifth Annual Meeting; Rocky Mountain Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Fourth Annual Meeting; Southwestern Psychological Association--Report of Fortieth Annual Meeting; Southeastern Psychological Association--Report of the Fortieth Annual Meeting; New England Psychological Association--Report of the 34th Annual Meeting; and Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology--Report of the Eighty-Sixth Annual Meeting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

2009 reports of the regional associations.

Presents reports from the regional psychological associations, including: Eastern Psychological Association (Report of the 80th Annual Meeting); Midwestern Psychological Association (Report of the 81st Annual Meeting); New England Psychological Association (Report of the 49th Annual Meeting); Rocky Mountain Psychological Association (Report of the 79th Annual Meeting); Southeastern Psychological Association (Report of the 55th Annual Meeting); Southwestern Psychological Association (Report of the 55th Annual Meeting); Western Psychological Association (Report of the 89th Annual Meeting); and Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology (Report of the 101st Annual Meeting). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)