高炉用耐火材料的发展

结合当前国内外高炉对耐火材料的要求，概述了高炉炉身、炉腰、炉腹、炉缸用耐火材料的发展状况。     

浅析焦炭反应性与高炉冶炼

总结了焦炭反应性与高炉冶炼关系的认知历程,阐述了不同反应性焦炭对高炉冶炼过程的影响以及不同反应性焦炭生产的技术手段和研究现状。通过对不同反应性焦炭与高炉冶炼过程适用性的讨论,提出了应根据高炉的冶炼条件和矿石的还原性能来规定适宜的焦炭反应性。     

我国高炉用耐火材料的进展

结合高炉炉身、炉缸、炉底、风口和出铁沟的工作条件,阐述了相应部位用耐火材料的发展进程。     

高炉炉身砌砖存在的问题及解决方案

分析了目前高炉炉身砌砖存在的问题,提出了多头螺旋,无错台砌筑方案。与普通砌法相比,不用合门砖,可提高内衬的施工速度和砌筑质量。     

A three-dimensional numerical study of the combustion of coal blends in blast furnace

The practice of blending coals for pulverized coal combustion is widely used in ironmaking blast furnace. It is desirable to characterize the combustion behaviour of coal blends and their component coals. A three-dimensional numerical model is described to simulate the flow and combustion of binary coal blends under simplified blast furnace conditions. The model is validated against the experimental results from a pilot-scale combustion test rig for a range of conditions, which features an inclined co-axial lance. The overall performance of coal blend and the individual behaviours of their component coals are analysed, with special reference to the influences of particle size and coal type. The synergistic effect of coal blending on overall burnout is examined. The results show that the interactions between component coals, in terms of particle temperature and volatile content, are responsible for the synergistic effect. Such synergistic effect can be optimized by adjusting the blending fraction. The model provides an effective tool for the design of coal blends.     

高炉系统用低反弹铝硅质喷涂料的研制

为了解决高炉系统用耐火喷涂料在使用过程中出现的反弹率高,烧后线变化大,施工体强度低等问题,以普通焦宝石骨料、低铁优质焦宝石骨料、高铝矾土骨料(w(Al2O3)=55%~65%)、莫来石轻骨料(d=0.8~1.2 g.cm-3)、低铁优质焦宝石粉、SiO2微粉、矾土水泥以及3种增塑剂为主要原料,通过3种不同骨料的对比试验,增塑剂品种和加入量试验,以及水泥加入量试验,研制出了高炉系统用铝硅质低反弹喷涂料。在多个钢厂的高炉、热风炉及管道维修中的应用结果表明,此喷涂料施工性能好,附着率高,抗侵蚀性和抗冲刷性好。     

Three-dimensional modelling of in-furnace coal/coke combustion in a blast furnace

A three-dimensional mathematical model of the combustion of pulverized coal and coke is developed. The model is applied to the region of lance-blowpipe-tuyere-raceway-coke bed to simulate in-furnace phenomena of pulverized coal injection in an ironmaking blast furnace. The model integrates not only pulverized coal combustion model in the blowpipe-tuyere-raceway-coke bed but also coke combustion model in the coke bed. The model is validated against the measurements under different conditions. The comprehensive in-furnace phenomena are investigated in the raceway and coke bed, in terms of flow, temperature, gas composition, and coal burning characteristics. The underlying mechanisms for the in-furnace phenomena are also analysed. The simulation results indicate that it is important to include recirculation region in the raceway and the coke bed reactions for better understanding in-furnace phenomena. The model provides a cost-effective tool for understanding and optimizing the in-furnace flow-thermo-chemical characteristics of the PCI operation in full-scale blast furnaces.     

高炉炉体用压入料的研制

以矾土熟料为骨料和掺合细粉，加入适量辅料及添加剂，１２．２％的水及０．２％的减水剂，配制出的压入料具有良好的流动性及可泵性。其体积密度为２．３５ｇ／ｃｍ３，常温耐压强度２２．６７ＭＰ８，烧后线变化率（１２００℃，２ｈ）－０．１％。     

二维传热数模在高炉炉缸炉底结构设计中的应用

采用二维传热数学模型对高炉炉缸炉底进行温度场分布计算,探讨了炉缸炉底的传热规律和抗侵蚀能力。计算结果表明,利用导热性能不同的耐火材料进行合理组合,可以获得理想等温线分布的炉缸炉底结构。     

Effect of components fineness on strength of blast furnace slag cement

The strength development of 1:1 mixes of clinker and blast furnace slag with varying fineness of components from 3000 to 6000 cm²/g has been studied. Overall results indicate that in manufacturing blast furnace slag cement (BFSC), it is not only the fineness of the clinker-slag mix but also of the individual components which govern the choice of the mix composition for a desired strength.     

Process simulation and energy integration in the mineral carbonation of blast furnace slag

Large quantities of blast furnace(BF) slag and CO_2 are discharged annually from iron and steel industries, along with a large amount of waste heat.The mineral carbonation of BF slag can not only reduce emissions of solid waste but also realize the in-situ fixation of CO_2 with low energy consumption if integrated with the waste heat utilization.In this study, based on our previous works, Aspen Plus was employed to simulate and optimize the carbonation process and integrate the process energy.The effects of gehlenite extraction, MgSO_4 carbonation,and aluminum ammonium sulfate crystallization were studied systematically.The simulation results demonstrate that 2.57 kg of BF slag can sequester 1 kg of CO_2, requiring 5.34 MJ of energy(3.3 MJ heat and 2.04 MJ electricity), and this energy includes the capture of CO_2 from industrial flue gases.Approximately 60 kg net CO_2 emission reduction could be achieved for the disposal of one ton of BF slag.In addition, the by-product,aluminum ammonium sulfate, is a high value-added product.Preliminary economic analysis indicates that the profit for the whole process is 1127 CNY per ton of BF slag processed.     

Preparation of glass-ceramics with low density and high strength using blast furnace slag,glass fiber and water glass

To reduce the production costs of glass-ceramics and broaden the application field of solid waste in steel industry, low-density and high-strength glass-ceramics were produced by using blast furnace slag as the basic material, choosing glass fiber and water glass as the strengthening agents. The effects of glass fiber and water glass on the phase composition, microstructure, apparent density, water absorption and compressive strength of glass–ceramics were investigated. The results show that the rod structure of glass fiber can be retained in the sintered samples and high content of diopside and augite significantly improve the compressive strength of glass-ceramics. Tiny spherical crystalline phases can be obtained for the glass-ceramics soaked in the moderate concentration of water glass. The BGW-2 samples fabricated with 70% blast furnace slag, 30% glass fiber and 4% water glass, exhibit excellent comprehensive properties. The bulk density, water absorption and compressive strength of BGW-2 are 1.76 g/cm³, 2.26% and 68 MPa, respectively. Consequently, using blast furnace slag to prepare glass-ceramics can be another applicable way to utilize blast furnace slag efficiently.     

高炉出铁沟喷补料实验室研制

以一级矾土熟料和碳化硅为主要原料 ,配以适量的碳质材料、复合添加剂等 ,研制出适用于中小型高炉出铁沟的快速修补用喷补料。试验结果表明 ,该料具有附着率高、粘接强度大、耐侵蚀、耐冲刷、热震稳定性好等特点     

焦炭钝化剂在高炉炼铁中的应用研究

在焦炭上喷洒一定浓度的钝化剂溶液,可防止高温下焦炭气孔壁变薄而粉化,减少高温下焦炭破碎,有利于降低高炉中焦炭的热反应性,提高反应后强度,相应增加喷煤量,进一步提高冶炼强度,增加高炉产量。     

遥控喷涂技术在大型高炉上的应用

系统介绍了高炉喷涂维修的特点,喷涂料的选择要求,高炉遥控喷涂工艺及影响喷涂施工质量的因素。指出应针对高炉不同部位的特点使用不同类型的喷涂料,同时在喷涂施工时还应注意以下因素:维修部位的清洗,喷涂用水的质量及喷涂料加水量,喷涂料的输送压力,喷涂速度,喷涂后的养护,烘炉温度的控制,锚固件的使用。     

高温熔融高炉渣颗粒相变冷却特性分析

采用温度法模型对高温熔融高炉渣颗粒的相变冷却特性进行了分析,考虑颗粒固液相热导率随温度的变化及颗粒与环境的辐射换热,获得了高温熔渣颗粒内的温度分布以及相界面位置随时间的推移过程。讨论了变热导率、换热条件、颗粒尺寸,冷却流体速度和温度对相变冷却过程的影响,结果表明：热导率的变化使得颗粒冷却凝固时间延长,高温辐射换热极大加快了冷却速率;颗粒直径增加,相界面移动速度降低,凝固时间增加;冷却流体速度增加,温度降低,相界面移动速度增加,凝固时间缩短。     

高炉用新型自结合碳化硅砖性能研究

借助XRD、SEM等技术,对新型自结合碳化硅砖的抗碱性、抗渣性和抗热震性等高炉耐火材料的关键使用性能进行了研究,并与Si3N4结合碳化硅高炉砖进行了对比。结果表明:这种新型自结合碳化硅砖热导率高,力学性能好,抗碱性、抗渣性和抗热震性优良,预计用作高炉内衬具有良好的应用前景。     

高炉出铁口用炮泥的损毁及延长出铁时间的探讨

高炉出铁口开孔后一次出铁时间越长,越有利于高炉的稳定作业,并且可以降低炮泥的消耗,降低工人的劳动强度和减少环境污染。而要延长出铁时间,就必须降低由炮泥构成的出铁口孔道的损毁速度。本文通过对炮泥损毁原因的分析,从提高炮泥的耐磨蚀性和耐剥落性以及改进炉前作业方式几个方面论述了延长出铁时间的办法。     

高炉喷补工艺参数对喷补性能的影响

在实验室内进行了各种喷补工艺参数及不同条件下的高炉喷补试验。确定了使用硅酸铝质喷补料的适宜喷补工艺参数为：喷射压力０．４ＭＰａ，喷补料配水量１０％，喷射距离１．０ｍ。在高炉内衬已侵蚀到钢板或冷却器的部位焊上适当的锚固件可明显提高喷补层与受补面的结合强度。     

太钢4350m~3高炉用炮泥的研制与应用

针对太钢新建4 350 m3高炉的使用条件和对炮泥使用性能的要求,从耐火原料的选择、原料粒度组成的优化、结合剂的选取等方面进行了研究,研制出一种具有较好作业性能、开口性能和高温使用性能的炮泥,并在太钢新建4 350 m3高炉上进行了实际应用试验,使用效果完全满足要求.