颗粒增强铜基复合材料研究进展

颗粒增强铜基复合材料在基本保持金属铜优良导电和导热性能的基础上大大提高了铜基复合材料的强度和耐磨性,是一种具有良好发展前景的复合材料.回顾了近年来颗粒增强铜基复合材料的增强相和制备方法的发展,并指出了今后研究发展的方向.     

颗粒增强铜基复合材料的研究进展

为了研究颗粒增强相对铜基复合材料的性能的影响,对不同类型铜基复合材料的特点及其制备方法进行对比分析,探讨了颗粒相的生成机制,重点论述了颗粒增强相的类型及铜基复合材料的制备工艺.结果表明在铜基体中引入纳米分散相进行复合,可以使铜合金的力学性能得到极大改善,其中机械合金化和原位复合化学反应获得的纳米陶瓷颗粒在铜基复合材料中效果最佳;反应喷射沉积成型法、液相反应原位生成法和机械合金化法在制备纳米粒子增强铜基复合材料方面有着良好的应用前景.     

颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料的研制

本文研究了用常规粉末冶金工艺制备颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料的机械物理性能。研究结果表明 :采用W和Al2 O3颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料 ,可以有效地改善烧结铜材料的硬度和抗拉强度 ,提高抗高温回复性能 ;W颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料比Al2 O3颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料的热导率要高     

不同陶瓷颗粒增强Cu基复合材料的制备及导电性能

以纯铜为基体,以WC、AlN、TiN、MgB2等具有不同导电性能与密度的陶瓷颗粒为增强相,采用球磨-冷压-烧结工艺制备了WCp/Cu、AlNp/Cu、TiNp/Cu和MgB2p/Cu系列复合材料.研究了制备工艺的不同环节对铜基复合材料导电性能的影响,讨论了不同陶瓷颗粒增强铜基复合材料的导电性能.结果表明相同制备工艺及体积分数条件下,以具有不同导电性能与密度的陶瓷颗粒作为增强相的铜基复合材料的导电性能相近,球磨、冷压、烧结、复压及复烧等工艺环节对铜基复合材料导电性能有不同程度的影响,提高铜基复合材料的致密度为提高其导电性能的关键.     

颗粒种类及制备工艺对铜基材料性能影响

以纯铜为基体,以WC、AlN、TiN、MgB2等具有不同导电性能与密度的陶瓷颗粒为增强相,采用粉末冶金工艺制备了WCp/Cu、AlNp/Cu、TiNp/Cu和MgB2p/Cu系列复合材料.研究了不同增强颗粒、制备工艺的不同环节对铜基复合材料导电性能的影响.结果表明:相同制备工艺及体积分数条件下,以具有不同导电性能与密度的陶瓷颗粒作为增强相的铜基复合材料的导电性能相近,混粉、压制、烧结、复压及复烧等工艺环节对铜基复合材料导电性能有不同程度的影响,提高铜基复合材料的致密度为提高其导电性能的关键.     

颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料的研制

本文研究了用常规粉末冶金工艺制备颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料的机械物理性能，研究结果表明，采用W和Al2O3颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料，可以有效地改善烧结铜材料的硬度和抗拉强度，提高抗高温回复性能；W颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料比Al2O3颗粒增强铜基热沉复合材料的热导率要高。     

纳米Cu-Al2O3复合材料的烧结法制备研究

研究了纳米Al2O3陶瓷颗粒增强铜基复合材料制备技术.选用纳米级Al2O3陶瓷颗粒作为增强相,采用超声波增强化学镀的方法完成对纳米Al2O3陶瓷颗粒金属铜包覆,热压烧结成纳米Al2O3陶瓷颗粒增强铜基复合材料,开采用XRD、TEM等分析测试技术对其组织性能进行研究.     

石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的界面调控及其性能研究进展

铜基复合材料有望全面提升铜及铜合金的力学性能和导电、导热等功能特性。石墨烯具有优异的力学和物理性能,是铜基复合材料的理想增强相。石墨烯/铜界面的性质决定了复合材料性能,进行界面调控以提高石墨烯/铜的界面结合性已成为研究人员关注的热点问题。总结了近几年开发的石墨烯缺陷设计法、碳-碳杂化增强相法、金属和陶瓷纳米颗粒修饰石墨烯法以及原位生长石墨烯和石墨烯复合增强相法等多种界面调控策略,讨论了多种界面调控策略对石墨烯增强铜基复合材料的力学、导电、导热性能的作用机理,展望了应用界面调控策略研发的高性能复合材料的应用前景和未来研发的发展方向。     

颗粒增强镁基复合材料的研究现状

综述了颗粒增强镁基复合材料常用的基体合金,常用的增强相及其镁基复合材料的制备技术、组织和性能等,并对颗粒增强镁基复合材料的发展进行了展望.     

碳纳米管增强铜基复合材料的研究进展

高强高导铜基材料是一类有着广阔应用前景的材料,将碳纳米管作为增强相来制备铜基复合材料可以满足其对于强度和导电性的要求。制备出性能优良的复合材料的关键是解决碳纳米管的均匀分散及其与铜基体的界面结合问题。介绍了目前碳纳米管增强铜基复合材料的制备工艺及其所取得的成绩,并展望了将来的发展方向。     

钛氧化物的蒸发特性

试验以Ti2O3、Ti3O5和TiO2作为初始膜料，在ZZS7OO—6／G型真空镀膜机上采用O^2-离子束辅助蒸发制备氧化钛薄膜。用XRD检测方法确定各种膜料和薄膜的相成分，并全面的分析了各种膜料的蒸发特性和薄膜；用分光光度计测量薄膜的透射率，并分析薄膜的光学性能。试验表明，在采用Ti2O3、Ti3O5和TiO2作为蒸发制备氧化钛薄膜时，在钛的氧化物中存在Ti3O5固态同一蒸发相；各种膜料在蒸发时，发生分解，熔池中的物质的成分逐渐转变并晟终完全成同一蒸发相成分。     

离子辅助蒸发TixOy制备氧化钛薄膜及特性

采用离子辅助沉积的方法,分别以TiO2和Ti3O5为初始膜料在K9玻璃上制备了氧化钛薄膜,并研究了离子束流密度对以Ti3O5为膜料制备的薄膜透射性能的影响.实验结果表明,热处理前薄膜都为无定形结构;热处理后有明显的锐钛矿结构(101)择优取向,以Ti3O5为初始膜料制备的薄膜吸收优于以TiO2为膜料制备的薄膜;薄膜透射率极值随束流密度增大有临界值.     

新型的高性能陶瓷材料Ti3SiC2的研究现状

Ti3SiC2是一种新型的高性能陶瓷材料,既具有金属的优异性能,如在常温下有很好的导热性能、导电性能、良好的抗热震性、易加工性以及高温塑性,又具有陶瓷的优异性能,如高的屈服强度、高熔点、高热稳定性、高温强度以及良好的抗氧化性能和耐腐蚀性能.因此,Ti3SiC2可用作交流电机的电刷材料,航空发动机的涡轮叶片、固定子材料和金属熔炼的电极材料等.主要介绍了Ti3SiC2的晶体结构、制备方法、性能和应用.     

Construction of novel TiO_2/Bi_4Ti_3O_(12)/MoS_2 core/shell nanofibers for enhanced visible light photocatalysis

TiO2/Bi4 Ti3 O12 hybrids have been widely prepared as promising photocatalysts for decomposing organic contaminations.However,the insufficient visible light absorption and low charge separation efficiency lead to their poor photocatalytic activity.Herein,a robust methodology to construct novel TiO2/Bi4 Ti3 O12/MoS2 core/shell structures as visible light photocatalysts is presented.Homogeneous bismuth oxyiodide(BiOI) nanoplates were immobilized on electrospun TiO2 nanofiber surface by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction(SILAR) method.TiO2/Bi4 Ti3 O12 core/shell nanofibers were conveniently prepared by partial conversion of TiO2 to high crystallized Bi4 Ti3 O12 shells through a solid-state reaction with BiOI nanoplates,which is accompanied with certain transition of TiO2 from anatase to rutile phase.Afterwards,MoS2 nanosheets with several layers thick were uniform decorated on the TiO2/Bi4 TiO3 O12 fiber surface resulting in TiO2/Bi4 Ti3 O12/MoS2 structures.Significant enhancement of visible light absorption and photo-generated charge separation of TiO2/Bi4 Ti3 O12 were achieved by introduction of MoS2.As a result,the optimized TiO2/Bi4 Ti3 O12/MoS2-2 presents 60% improvement for photodegrading RhB after 120 min irradiation under visible light and 3 times higher of apparent reaction rate constant in compared with the TiO2/Bi4 Ti3 O12.This synthetic method can also be used to establish other photocatalysts simply at low cost,therefore,is suitable for practical applications.     

Fabrication of textured Ti_2AlC lamellar composites with improved mechanical properties

Textured Ti_2AlC lamellar composites have been successfully fabricated by a new method in the present work. The composites exhibit high compressive strength of ca 2 GPa, fracture toughness of 8.5 MPa m1/2(//c-axis), flexural strength of 735 MPa(//c-axis) and high hardness of 7.9 GPa(//c-axis). The strengthening mechanisms were discussed. The sintering and densification process was investigated and crystal orientation and microstructure were studied by electron backscattered diffraction techniques. The synthesis temperature is reduced to 1200?C by using high surface-to-volume ratio Ti_2AlC nano flakes. The Lotgering orientation factor of Ti_2 AlC and Ti_3 AlC_2{00 l} planes in the textured top surface reaches 0.74 and 0.49, respectively. This new route may shed light on resolving the difficulties encountered in large scale fabrication of textured MAX phases.     

BaO-Ln2O3-TiO2体系微波介质陶瓷的成分与结构的关系

BaO-Ln2O3-TiO2体系高介电常数微波介质陶瓷属于类钙钛矿鸽青铜结构,其固溶体分子式为Ba6-3x-Lns 2xTi18O54.分析了结构中占据A1、A2位的离子种类及占有率随x值的变化规律.当x=2/3时,Ba2 离子和Ln3 离子分别占据A2位和A1位,离子占位处于有序状态,因而陶瓷的损耗最小.     

Growth mechanism of primary Ti5Si3 phases in special brasses and their effect on wear resistance

In the present work, in-situ Ti₅Si₃ reinforced special brasses were prepared by melt reaction method. The synthesized Ti₅Si₃ phase shows various morphologies in brasses with different Ti₅Si₃ content, and the3 D morphological evolution of primary Ti₅Si₃and its growth mechanism were investigated. The Ti₅Si₃ crystal, which bears D8₈ hexagonal crystal structure, grows along <0001> direction and is revealed by{1010} faces during growth. With the increase of Ti₅Si₃ content in the brasses, the morphology of primary Ti₅Si₃significantly changes from fibers to hexagonal prisms to short-rods with hollow. In addition,the influence of Ti₅Si₃ volume fraction and morphology on the wear behavior of special brass was also revealed. It was substantiated that the wear resistance increases with the increasing volume fraction of Ti₅Si₃, and the corresponding wear mechanism changes from delamination to slight adhesive wear and abrasive wear. However, the friction coefficient shows an abnormal increase when most of the Ti₅Si₃ containing hollows appears in the brass. That is mainly due to the fact that the Ti₅Si₃ is easier to break and fall off resulted by the hollow as a crack source, which makes it unable to resist the plastic deformation of the contact surface during the sliding.     

退火温度对Pb(Zr_(0.53)Ti_(0.47))O_3薄膜结构及其性能的影响

采用sol-gel法在Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si衬底上制备Pb(Zr_(0.53)Ti_(0.47))O_3薄膜.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对其晶格结构和微观形貌进行了表征,通过改变退火温度制得了具有单一钙钛矿结构的Pb(Zr_(0.53)Ti_(0.47))O_3薄膜.然后将该薄膜与环氧树脂形成复合结构材料.对其铁电性能以及复合材料的阻尼性能进行了测试,结果表明,退火温度的升高有利于改善薄膜的铁电性能,在750℃下退火的Pb(Zr_(0.53)Ti_(0.47))O_3薄膜,其剩余极化值2Pr达到了68.6μC/cm~2, 矫顽场强2E_c达到158.7kV/cm;同时退火温度的升高还有利于薄膜致密度的提高,对复合材料的阻尼性能也有一定的改善,当退火温度达到800℃,复合材料的阻尼损耗因子达到最大值,阻尼温域最宽,阻尼性能最好.     

SiC晶须增韧Al_2O_3及ZrO_2（Y_2O_3）基陶瓷复合材料的抗热震行

采用三点弯曲及扫描电镜等方法研究了ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＳｉＣｗ／ＺｒＯ３（Ｙ２Ｏ３）及ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）陶瓷复合材料的抗热震性．结果表现ＳｉＣｗ的加入使Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）以及Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）基体的抗热震性显著提高，Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷基复合材料的抗热震性明显优于ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）陶瓷基复复合材料．同时发现在Ａｌ２Ｏ３十ＳｉＣｗ材料基础上再加入少量ＺｒＯ２（２Ｙ）颗粒（１０Ｖｏ１％），也可进一步提高Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＳｉＣｗ材料的抗热震性．