共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 173 毫秒
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为提升足式机器人在复杂环境下的自适应稳定运动能力,针对具有主被动变刚度柔性关节的四足机器人提出一种对角小跑步态运动控制策略。基于弹簧负载倒立摆模型与控制目标解耦方法,设计了腾空相对角腿关节角规划,着地相前进速度、机身高度、俯仰角调节及腿部刚度主动调节控制策略,并基于足端触地状态完成了四足机器人对角小跑步态运动规划。研制了具有主被动变刚度柔性关节的四足机器人样机,通过实验验证了所提运动控制策略的有效性与正确性。 相似文献
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针对闭链式四足机器人快速行走的失稳问题,运用零力矩点理论,讨论了机器人在对角小跑步态下的动态稳定性,推导出了机器人绕支撑对角线发生失稳时的倾翻角表达式。取占空比β=0.5,分析了四足机器人对角小跑步态下的摆腿时序;运用ADAMS仿真软件,建立了闭链式四足机器人的虚拟样机模型;基于对角小跑步态来规划步行腿主、副闭链的驱动函数,设置了相关仿真参数,进行了机器人运动仿真实验,获得了其机体质心、足端的位移曲线和速度曲线。研究结果表明:该闭链式四足机器人的移动速度约为0.85 m/s,上下起伏度约为3.6 mm,其在对角小跑步态下能够达到中等速度下的稳定行走运动,其对角步态下的足端轨迹的步长约为350 mm,步高约为80 mm,基本满足跨步需求。 相似文献
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四足机器人轨迹规划及移动能耗分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
步行机器人移动能效率研究有重要意义。针对四足机器人对角小跑步态,对比分析了三种不同足端轨迹的移动能效率问题。将四足机器人的对角小跑步态周期分为摆动相和支撑相,采用D-H坐标法和反变换法进行了腿机构运动学正逆解分析。基于刚体动力学的质心运动定理分析足端接触模型,考虑动态步行中足端与地面间的接触,曲雅可比矩阵建立步行中足端接触力与关节驱动力矩的映射关系,并基于拉格朗日动力学建模法对四足机器人摆动相和支撑相分别进行动力学建模。规划了三种不同足端轨迹,分别为摆线函数、正弦函数和直线函数,对比分析了三种足端轨迹下的运动学和动力学特性。进行完整对角小跑步态周期的能量消耗分析,以移动能耗率为评价指标,对比分析三种足端轨迹的能量消耗,研究四足机器人步高、步距、关节起始角等步态参数对移动能量消耗的影响,为四足机器人的参数优化和轨迹规划提供理论依据。 相似文献
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《现代制造技术与装备》2021,(8)
为了提高四足机器人在对角小跑步态过程中的稳定性,运用一种新的方法来保证四足机器人的动态稳定性,并对四足机器人进行了数学分析和物理建模,在理论上分析了其质心位置的变化对自身稳定性的影响,同时使用免疫遗传算法求出了质心的最佳位置。通过实验的方法和原质心点进行对比,证明了用免疫遗传算法寻找的质心点能使四足机器人的偏转角度最小。 相似文献
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Quadruped robots consume a lot of energy, which is one of the factors restricting their application. Energy efficiency is one of the key evaluating indicators for walking robots. The relationship between energy and elastic elements of walking robots have been studied, but different walking gait patterns and contact status have important influences on locomotion energy efficiency, and the energy efficiency considering the foot-end trajectory has not been reported. Therefore, the energy consumption and energy efficiency of quadruped robot with trot gait and combined cycloid foot trajectory are studied. The forward and inverse kinematics of quadruped robot is derived. The combined cycloid function is proposed to generate horizontal and vertical foot trajectory respectively, which can ensure the acceleration curve of the foot-end smoother and more successive, and reduce the contact force between feet and environment. Because of the variable topology mechanism characteristic of quadruped robot, the leg state is divided into three different phases which are swing phase, transition phase and stance phase during one trot gait cycle. The non-continuous variable constraint between feet and environment of quadruped robot is studied. The dynamic model of quadruped robot is derived considering the variable topology mechanism characteristic, the periodic contact and elastic elements of the robot. The total energy consumption of walking robot during one gait cycle is analyzed based on the dynamic model. The specific resistance is used to evaluate energy efficiency of quadruped robot. The calculation results show the relationships between specific resistance and gait parameters, which can be used to determine the reasonable gait parameters. 相似文献
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Phuc Thinh Doan Hoang Duy Vo Hak Kyeong Kim Sang Bong Kim 《International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing》2010,11(4):559-568
This paper proposes the design and development results of a new quadruped robot. The proposed new quadruped robot has a couple
of advantages of flexible locomotion. The quadruped robot is designed and modeled based on a new concept that is the structure
model with three segments of quadruped legs. New leg configuration with the simplified operation of four hip actuators is
introduced. The posture of the new quadruped robot is more similar to the posture of dog than that of the previous quadruped
robots. The objective of this paper is to develop a quadruped robot, which can walk and run in a trot gait with a simple PID
controller. Numerical simulation and experimental results are shown to prove the locomotion performance of the proposed controller
for the proposed quadruped robot. 相似文献
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液压四足机器人机身扰动抑制及实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对液压四足机器人在运动过程中的机身扰动较大的问题,提出基于运动学和虚拟模型的液压四足机器人机身扰动抑制策略。分析机器人机身扰动产生的机理及其影响,建立四足机器人整机运动学方程,根据机器人实时姿态反馈抑制机身扰动。同时在机器人机身横滚和俯仰自由度上引入弹簧阻尼虚拟元件,通过调整虚拟力的大小控制机身姿态。面向机器人对角小跑步态,对机器人摆动相和支撑相进行足端轨迹规划。通过液压四足机器人平台进行实验验证,实验结果表明,该扰动抑制策略能够根据机器人的机身姿态调整关节角度,机器人机身起伏小,机器人实际运动轨迹与理论运动轨迹接近,验证了所提方法的有效性。 相似文献
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The previous research regarding the gait planning of quadruped robot focuses on the sequence for lifting o and placing the feet, but neglects the influence of body height. However, body height a ects gait performance significantly, such as in terms of the stride length and stability margin. We herein study the performance of a quadruped robot using the equivalent mechanism concept based on metamorphosis. Assuming the constraints between standing feet and the ground with hinges, the ground, standing legs and robot body are considered as a parallel mechanism, and each swing leg is regarded as a typical serial manipulator. The equivalent mechanism varies while the robot moves on the ground. One gait cycle is divided into several periods, including step forward stages and switching stages. There exists a specific equivalent mechanism corresponding to each gait period. The robot's locomotion can be regarded as the motion of these series of equivalent mechanisms. The kinematics model and simplified model of the equivalent mechanism is established. A new definition of the multilegged robot stability margin, based on friction coe cient, is presented to evaluate the robot stability. The stable workspaces of the equivalent mechanism in the step forward stage of trotting gait under di erent friction coe cients are analyzed. The stride length of the robots is presented by analyzing the relationship between the stable workspaces of the equivalent mechanisms of two adjacent step forward stages in one gait cycle. The simulation results show that the stride length is larger with increasing friction coe cient. We herein propose a new method based on metamorphosis, and an equivalent mechanism to analyze the stability margin and stable workspace of the multilegged robot. 相似文献
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为了实现液压作动的四足步行机器人的稳定行走,根据运动稳定裕量原则规划四足机器人的直行步态,保证三足支撑机体时稳定裕量为100 mm;针对液压缸运动加速度突变导致机体冲击振动的问题,提出了利用S型曲线作为各自由度的运动位移控制规律的方法。按照JQRI00型四足步行机器人原理样机的结构建立了虚拟样机模型,应用仿真软件对所设计步态进行了仿真,分析了步态的运动学、动力学特征和位移控制方法的运动特征;在四足步行机器人原理样机上进行了试验,并将试验与仿真结果进行了比较。研究结果表明,所设计的机器人步态可行,保证了机器人具有较好的行走稳定性;将S型曲线用于位移控制,消除了液压缸运动加速度的突变,进一步提高了机体运行的平稳性。 相似文献
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控制的仿生性和行走的稳定性是四足机器人步态研究中重要的两个方面。 为了提高四足机器人运动的稳定性,本文通
过 Hopf 振荡器搭建了 CPG 模型,分别实现了多种步态及步态之间的转换。 比较了基于 CPG 的步态控制方法和轨迹规划的步
态规划方法在行走上的优劣性。 为了同时利用 CPG 控制和轨迹规划的优点,提出采用神经网络将 CPG 控制曲线与足端轨迹
逆运动学获得的驱动曲线进行非线性映射,使得四足机器人在控制上具备仿生特性,在足端接触上具备零冲击特性。 仿真和实
验结果表明,采用 CPG 的步态生成方法和轨迹规划方法四足机器人的行走速度理论行走速度 80 mm/ s 相近,但采用 CPG 的步
态生成方法四足机器人侧向位移在±10 mm 以内且俯仰角在±1. 5°之间,而采用轨迹规划的控制方法四足机器人侧向位移在
±35 mm 以内且俯仰角在±4°之间,可见两种控制方式对侧向偏移和俯仰运动的表现不一致。 通过实验测量可知,机器人采用
walk 步态行走速度为 18. 57 mm/ s,与理论行走速度 20 mm/ s 接近,步态转换后以 trot 步态行走,行走速度为 76. 15 mm/ s,与理
论行走速度 80 mm/ s 接近,少许误差可能是装配和行走过程打滑导致的。 测量其侧向偏移程度可知,其侧向的偏移量左侧在
15 mm 内,右侧在 25 mm 内,其侧向偏移量均在合适的范围内,证明所提算法的有效性。 相似文献
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针对外星复杂的地表环境,基于2-UPS/(S+SPR)R闭环并联机构,设计了一种四足轮腿式移动机器人。通过对比机器人在运动过程中的稳定裕度与重心调整量得到最优步态,利用ZMP法衡量了机器人在静步态下的稳定性,并用改进的复合摆线法规划了足端的运动轨迹。在整个运动过程中,机械腿运动平稳,速度、加速度变化较为平滑,不会出现对机械腿造成损坏的较强冲击;且在抬腿和着地瞬间,速度、加速度均为0,不会对机身产生冲击。分析结果表明,该四足轮腿式移动机器人运动灵活且平稳,适用于外太空的探测。 相似文献