基于Taguchi实验设计方法优化PoP的翘曲

通过对PoP的翘曲进行优化分析,采用有限元分析方法分析了PoP中FBGA和PBGA的翘曲形变,并利用Taguchi设计和有限元模拟相结合的方法进行优化设计.分析结果表明:PBGA具有较大的翘曲,增加基板厚度和塑封料热膨胀系数,减小芯片大小和厚度可以改善PBGA的翘曲.对比优化前后的翘曲,在25 ℃时翘曲值从53.3 μm降到39.1 μm,260 ℃时翘曲值从-112 μm降到了-67.7 μm.塑封料热膨胀系数和芯片尺寸在优化翘曲中起着重要作用.     

装配整体复合墙抗震性能试验研究

通过两种装配整体式复合墙拟静力试验,讨论了此类构件复合层的协同工作性能、强度、延性及恢复力模型,提出了装配整体式复合墙极限承载力的控制方法,指出了工程中应采用限制滑移装配整体式复合墙并给出相应的设计方法。     

封装集成工艺中带状功率器件的翘曲研究

基于子结构法对封装集成工艺中带状功率器件的翘曲问题进行了研究,讨论了子结构法和非子结构法的优劣.采用实验性设计(Design of experiment,DoE),分别研究了嵌入式系统封装中低边芯片和高边芯片厚度、环氧模塑封(Epoxy mold compound,EMC)材料厚度、以及玻璃纤维(Prepreg)材料Z向弹性模量和EMC弹性模量对带状翘曲的影响.结果表明:子结构方法能够高效、简便和准确地模拟带状功率器件的翘曲问题;芯片、EMC厚度的变化对封装工艺中带状功率器件翘曲变形影响较大,Prepreg的Z向弹性模量和EMC的弹性模量E的变化对封装工艺中带状功率器件翘曲变形影响较小.     

Experimental investigation on dilatancy behavior of water-saturated sandstone

It is important to study the dilatancy property of water-saturated rock for understanding the engineering behavior of loaded rock mass. This study carried out the uniaxial and triaxial compressive experiments on the water-saturated red sandstone, analyzed the influences of confining pressure and pore pressure on dilatancy property of water-saturated rock, and discussed the reasonable basis of the stress of dilatancy onset as a strength design parameter of rock engineering, finally established the prediction model of the stress of dilatancy onset under the impacts of confining pressure and pore pressure. The results show that the strength parameters(the stress of dilatancy onset and peak strength) and deformation parameters(axial strain and circumferential strain) of water-saturated sandstone increase with the confining pressure, and the relations can be fitted with a positive linear function. The cohesion and internal friction angle obtained from the stress of dilatancy onset decrease by 11.57% and 7.33%, respectively, when compared with those obtained from the peak strength. The strength parameters and deformation parameters of water-saturated sandstone decrease basically with the increase of pore pressure, in which the relations between strength parameters or axial strain and pore pressure can be fitted with a negative linear function. However, the relation between the peak circumferential strain and the pore pressure should be characterized by a negative exponential function, and the circumferential strain at dilatancy onset isn't affected by the pore pressure.     

液力变矩-减速装置制动特性流场分析

为准确获取液力变矩-减速装置的制动特性,建立了某型液力变矩-减速装置制动工况下各叶轮及辅助液力减速器流道模型。运用CFD技术分析了液力变矩-减速装置泵轮、涡轮闭锁状态下在1000～2000r/min转速时的各叶轮及辅助液力减速器流道内部速度流线、压力场分布特点,并进行了制动特性仿真计算。仿真结果与实验结果对比计算误差在10%以内,表明仿真方法和仿真模型准确、可靠。     

聚合物改性水泥浆体黏弹性的频率响应(Ⅰ): 动态力学分析

为了预测水泥浆体的徐变性能, 并对比不同预测模型的精度。使用微米压痕测试确定了水泥浆体的徐变模量, 使用纳米压痕点阵测试获得微观物相的接触徐变模量。随后基于一系列微观测试获得物相的体积分数。将水泥浆体划分为2个尺度, 分别基于自洽(self-consistent, SC)法和Mori Tanaka法, 采用4种组合方式进行徐变均匀化预测。结果表明, 在凝胶尺度采用Mori Tanaka法, 在浆体尺度采用SC法时, 水泥浆体的长期徐变性能的预测精度较高。该研究为进行水泥基材料徐变均匀化时选择合适的计算方法提供了依据。

     

Large-scale multirole Zn(Ⅱ) programmed synthesis of ultrathin hierarchically porous carbon nanosheets

ZIF-derived carbon structures are considered as desired electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their high surface area,high conductivity, and porous structure. However, the most reported ratio of 2-methylimidazole and Zn(II) is 4:1 to 20:1, which limits commercial applications due to the increasing cost. In this paper, a multirole Zn(II)-assisted method is presented from Zn(II) solution, Zn O, Zn O/ZIF-8 core-shell nanostructure, to 3 D hierarchical micro-meso-macroporous carbon structures with a1:1 ratio of 2-methylimidazole and Zn(II). The hierarchically porous carbon has a high surface area of 1800 m2 g~(-1) due to the synergistic effect of multirole Zn(II). The unique carbon-based half-cell delivers the specific capacitances of 377 and 221 F g~(-1) at the current densities of 1.0 and 50 A g~(-1), respectively. As a 2.5 V symmetrical supercapacitor, the device reveals a high doublelayer capacitance of 24.4 F g~(-1), a power density of 62.5 k W kg~(-1), and more than 85.8% capacitance can be retained over 10000 cycles at 10 A g~(-1). More importantly, the low-cost hierarchically porous carbon could be easily produced on a large scale and almost all chemicals can be reused in the sustainable method.     

Numerical investigation of hydrodynamic tractor-retarder assembly under traction work condition

To obtain the performance characteristics of hydrodynamic tractor-retarder assembly under traction work condition,a numerical simulation model of flow channel was established and tetrahedron unstructur...     

Novel MoS<Subscript>2</Subscript> microspheres formed by solid-state assembly of ultrathin nanosheets

The MoS₂ microspheres with high specific surface area assembled by ultrathin nanosheets have been successfully synthesized by a facile and environmentally friendly reaction in a closed reactor at moderate temperatures. The solid-state assembly was realized by a simple calcination process, and the annealing temperature played a key role in the formation of the final microspheres. The influences of reaction temperature were carefully investigated. A possible formation mechanism about the solid-state assembly was proposed based on the experimental results.     

GFRP板与混凝土粘结性能试验

为考察玻璃纤维增强复合材料(Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer,GFRP)板与混凝土的粘结性能,对36个试件进行了试验研究.采用GFRP板-混凝土块搭接接头的单剪试验方法,考察了4种GFRP板与混凝土的连接方式(粘粗砂法、涂环氧胶法、粘剪力键法以及同时粘剪力键和粘粗砂的综合法),同时考虑了粘砂长度、环氧胶类型、混凝土类型和附加GFRP布增强等因素,并提出了一种抗剪设计方法.结果表明:4种连接方式都获得了较高的平均粘结强度(>2.9 MPa);粘砂长度、环氧胶类型和附加GFRP布增强等因素对平均粘结强度有显著的影响,而混凝土类型的变化则影响较小.提出的4种连接方式均可作为FRP-混凝土组合结构的有效组合界面抗剪连接措施.     

Numerical investigation on failure behavior of steel plate under explosive loading

The failure behavior of metal materials under strong dynamic loading such as explosive and impact loading has important applications in the fields of defense in...     

A DEM investigation on simple shear behavior of dense granular assemblies

A micromechanical investigation on simple shear behavior of dense granular assemblies was carried out by discrete element method.Three series of numerical tests were performed to examine the effects of initial porosity,vertical stress and particle shape on simple shear behavior of the samples,respectively.It was found that during simple shear the directions of principal stress and principal strain increment rotate differently with shear strain level.The non-coaxiality between the two directions decreases with strain level and may greatly affect the shear behavior of the assemblies,especially their peak friction angles.The numerical modelling also reveals that the rotation of the principal direction of fabric anisotropy lags behind that of the major principal stress direction during simple shear,which is described as fabric hyteresis effect.The degrees of fabric and interparticle contact force anisotropies increase as particle angularity increases,whereas the orientations of these anisotropies have not been significantly influenced by particle shape.An extended stress–dilatancy relationship based on ROWE-DAVIS framework was proposed to consider the non-coaxiality effect under principal stress rotation.The model was validated by present numerical results as well as some published physical test and numerical modelled data.     

超高性能混凝土高温后性能试验研究

通过对超高性能混凝土进行高温加热和高温作用后立方体抗压强度试验，研究了超高性能混凝土高温作用后的表观特征、质量损失及力学性能。对比了单掺钢纤维、单掺聚丙烯纤维和混掺钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维对超高性能混凝土高温爆裂的抑制效果，考察了温度、纤维种类和掺量、骨料（石英砂和钢渣）对超高性能混凝土强度的影响。试验结果表明：混掺1%钢纤维和2%聚丙烯纤维能有效抑制超高性能混凝土高温爆裂，在高温作用后依旧保持完整形态；钢渣骨料混杂纤维超高性能混凝土具有优异的高温力学性能，在1 000℃高温作用后仍能保持67%的残余强度；随着温度的升高，超高性能混凝土立方体抗压强度整体上表现出先升高后降低的规律；在目标温度超过600℃时，高温增强了超高性能混凝土的延性。     

配筋圆钢管混凝土梁受弯力学性能的试验研究

为了明确混凝土强度、钢管的宽厚比、钢筋配置、加强肋等主要实验参数对配筋圆钢管混凝土梁的弯曲承载力和延性等力学性能的影响，对包括中空钢管梁，圆钢管混凝土梁及配筋圆钢管混凝土梁在内共24个试件进行了纯弯试验研究.结果表明，在充填混凝土中配置钢筋可以有效地抑制弹性区域初期阶段弯曲裂缝的产生，并防止塑性区域贯通截面的弯剪破坏，大幅度改善了RCFT梁的弯曲承载力和延性等力学性能.     

Experimental investigation on the cracking behavior of 3D printed kinked fissure

Uniaxial compression tests were carried out for 3D printed samples having various types of kinked fissures by using the rock mechanics servo-controlled testing system. Photo-elastic technique is adopted to characterize and visualize the stress distribution and evolution of 3D printed models subjected to vertical compression. The stress field in the loading process can clearly be captured via a high-speed camera. The results showed that fringes around the kinked fissure tips formed a central symmetrical interference fringe pattern, and failure firstly occurred at interference fringe of highest order. Two failure types i.e. tip-cracking and non-tip-cracking are categorized on the basis of crack propagation pattern of 3D printed samples. Tensile crack propagation of wing cracks is the main form of failure of the antisymmetric kinked fissures, but the inclination of the branch fissures also played a key role on the location of initial fracture. The finite element method was applied to numerically simulate the process of crack propagation. The isochromatic fringe patterns are in good agreement with the experimental investigation. The current work gives an insight for implication of advanced technique to quantify and visualize the distribution of stress field, and provides further understanding of kinked fissure behavior at failure.     

直流无刷电机定子总成振动特性分析

以世博电动小车驱动电机为研究对象,在有限元分析软件ANSYS中建立了电机定子总成的有限元模型,通过试验进行了模型验证.并使用ANSYS对定子进行了模态分析,获得定子的模态振型和模态频率.进一步研究了定子总成中各组件对定子振动特性的影响,详细对比分析了加入不同组件后定子模态振型和频率的变化情况.此项工作有助于电机的进一步...     

拼接成型UHPC免拆模板钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能

为研究超高性能混凝土(UHPC)免拆模板钢筋混凝土(URC)柱的抗震性能,选取UHPC免拆模板拼接方式和表面处理方式为试验设计参数,制作并完成了9个URC柱和1个钢筋混凝土(RC)柱的拟静力加载试验。模板拼接方式为螺栓加角钢连接、螺栓连接和环氧树脂砂浆连接;表面处理方式为光面处理、气泡膜印花处理和设肋处理,通过拟静力试验研究了模板拼接方式及表面处理方式对该类柱抗震性能的影响。此外,基于平截面假定,提出了URC柱的正截面偏压承载力计算式。结果表明：峰值荷载前,UHPC模板与核心混凝土黏结面无明显破坏,URC柱表现出良好的整体性,尤其是采用螺栓加角钢连接的URC柱,即使加载至极限位移时,也没有发生界面黏结失效破坏;与普通RC柱相比,URC柱的承载力提高了6.4%～43.3%,延性提高了11.4%～48.7%,耗能能力提高了27.7%～85.3%;三种连接方式中,采用螺栓加角钢连接的URC柱承载力最高,连接最可靠。最后,基于平截面假定提出的公式计算值与试验值吻合较好,可为工程应用提供参考。     

Influence of strain rate on fracture behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)

The effect of strain rate on fracture behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate) was investigated.The uniaxial tensile rupture tests for the poly(methyl methacrylate) samples were carried out at different strain rates at ambient temperature.It is found that the elastic modulus of the material increases with increasing strain rate,while the elongation is reversal with strain rate.Simultaneously,there exists a critical strain rate within which the stress-strain curves overlap one another,and beyond which the curve...     

外伸翼缘加劲钢箱形压弯构件屈曲特性试验

为了研究Q500qE高性能钢外伸翼缘薄壁加劲箱形压弯构件的稳定特性,开展3个Q500qE和1个Q345B的构件模型试验,分析试验构件的荷载-位移曲线、整体和局部屈曲形态.整体屈曲试验结果表明,采用Q500qE高性能钢和设置外伸翼缘可以有效提高薄壁箱形压弯构件极限承载力且能够改善构件整体稳定特性.局部屈曲试验表明,外伸翼缘宽厚比对平面外局部屈曲半波数和局部变位影响较大,故需要根据现有规范中的宽厚比限值要求限制外伸翼缘板局部屈曲.对于构件的极限承载力和屈曲形态,试验结果与弹塑性数值分析结果吻合较好.分别采用允许应力法和极限状态法对Q500qE构件进行稳定验算,与试验结果进行比较,表明现有规范中的相关验算公式适用于验算此类压弯构件.     

Experimental investigation on the yield behavior of metal foam under shear-compression combined loading

Metal foams are typically subjected to quasi-static or dynamic shear-compression combined loading in applications such as energy absorbers and structure protectors. The yield behavior of a metal foam under dynamic and quasi-static shear-compression combined loadings is investigated in this study. First, quasi-static and dynamic compression-shear combined tests at different loading angles are conducted using a universal testing machine and a rotatable Hopkinson bar system, respectively. Shear deformation reduces the plateau stress as the loading angle increases. Subsequently, the yield modes of the metal foam under combined loadings are investigated. Only one yield band occurs under a combined loading with large loading angles(mode I),whereas several yield bands occur under a combined loading with small loading angles(mode II). Finally, the yield surface plot of metal foam indicates significant enhancement in terms of normal stress and shear stress under dynamic loading. Quasi-static and dynamic phenomenological yield criteria for a shear-normal stress space are established to provide a brief and precise prediction of the behavior of metal foam under quasi-static and dynamic combined loadings.