Performance evaluation of Software-Defined Network (SDN) controllers using Dijkstra’s algorithm

Wireless Networks - The advancement of technology, specifically the development of information technology (IT) has had a great influence on everyone life. Due to the rapid development of...     

ZTE’s All-IP Based CDMA2000 Network Solution

ZTE provides various IMS test equipment, including CSCF, MRF, MGW, HSS, and multiple ASs supporting various service functions. ZTE' s IMS products (including the AGW/PDSN and the HA of the PS domain) adopt the industry-leading and unified hardware platform with superpower functions, making it a basis for carriers to implement flexible networking and uninterrupted transition simply by changing and upgrading the software part, thus protecting their investments efficiently. ZTE's I…     

ZTE Network Equipment Destined for World’s Highest Railway

ZTE Corporation, the fastest growing global provider of telecommu-nications equipment and network solutions, announced that its e-quipment has been chosen for a wireless communications networkthat will provide voice and data services to passengers using theworld’s highest altitude rail service—the Qinghai- Tibet Railway. Incollaboration with China Mobile and China Unicom, ZTE’s CDMAand GSMwireless solutions will be deployed to provide service cov-erage for the newly- built rail syste…     

A Configurable Digital Cellular Neural Network with?Template Decomposition

A configurable digital cellular neural network (DCNN) with decomposable templates is presented. A template decomposition method based on physical circuit decomposition and synthesis is proposed to meet the large template requirement in CNN. The complexity of the template decomposition scheme is only O(⌈(2n+1)/3⌉²), which is significantly reduced when compared to the other methods in the literature. Moreover, the proposed method supports both binary and gray-scale images.     

The Negative Two’s Complement Number System

The two’s complement fractional fixed-point number system is widely used to implement digital signal processing on VLSI chips. It has a range of values from −1 to one least significant bit below +1. Either the multiplication of −1 • −1 or taking the absolute value of −1 produces a result (+1) that cannot be represented. A new system, the negative two’s complement number system, is described here that has a range of one least significant bit above −1 to +1 which eliminates the problem. This paper presents the new number system and describes algorithms for the basic arithmetic operations.

Squirrel Search Optimization-Based Cluster Head Selection Technique for Prolonging Lifetime in WSN’s

The rapid advancement of technologies of wireless sensor network is gaining maximized attentioned across the scientific community due to its reliable coverage in real life applications. It has evolved as an indispensable technology with diverisifed capabilities as it facilitates potential information to the end users regarding a region of target under real time monitoring process. However, the characteristics of WSNs such as resource-constrained nature and infrastructure-less deployment has the possibility of introducing diversified problems that influences the network performance. Moreover, the process of handling the issues of suitable cluster head selection, energy stability and network lifetime improvement are still considered as herculean task of concern. In this paper, a Squirrel Search Optimization-based Cluster Head Selection Technique (SSO-CHST) is proposed for prolonging the lifetime in the sensor networks by utilizing a gliding factor that aids in the better determination of cluster head selection during the process of data aggregation and dissemination. It estimates the fitness value of sensor nodes and arranges them in ascending order, such that the node with least fitness value is identified as the cluster memner. On the other hand, the sensor nodes with high fitness value is confirmed as the potential cluster head. The simulation results of the proposed SSO-CHST with minimum number of rounds used for selecting cluster head confirmed better throughput of 13.48% and improved network lifetime of 17.92% with minimized energy consumptions of 15.29%, remarkable to the benchmarked schemes.

     

The Capacity Analysis of the CDMA Cellular System

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解读网络存储SAN(Storage Area Network)

网络存储是一种类似于普通局域网的高速存储网络,它通过专用的集线器、交换机和网关建立起服务器和磁盘陈列之间的直接连接.     

The Data Age of Mobile Cellular Network in Germany and China： Policies,Technologies and Markets （Part I）

The UMTS auction in 2000 brought approximately 100 billion DM （Deutsche Mark） for the German National Treasury. T-Mobile （D1-Netz）, Vodafone （D2-Netz）, E-Plus （E1-Netz） and 02 （E2-Netz） have gradually evolved from GSM to full-fledged UMTS operators over the past years. The conglomerate of China Telecom was split twice. China acceded to WTO and promulgated the FITE Provisions. MIIT （Ministry of Industry and Information Technology） became the regulator and China Netcom was incorporated into China Unicorn in 2008. Most recently the layout of 3G future has been reconfirmed by MIIT. Voice service has remained the main source of income in both countries and operators have continued to focus on voice quality and network availability in their respective 2G networks. Because value-added and higher-speed data applications have been gaining market attention, 2.5G and 3G infrastructure has increasingly become the focal network strategy for the operators since the beginning of the new century. Germany has rolled out WCDMA/UMTS services on a large scale in the consumer market, while China has adopted all three 3G standards （TD-SCDMA, WCDMA/UMTS, CDMA2000）, which shall gradually capture a wider 3G subscriber base. The summary shows that the development of the cellular technology and market in Germany and China can be discussed in three distinct historical periods. The conclusion suggests that the case of the cellular technology appears to be consistent with and applicable to a number of arguments widely disputed in economics and management related to technology and innovation, such as dominant design, technology waves/ S-Curve, disruptive technologies, Technology Adoption Life Cycle.     

The Digital Age of Mobile Cellular Network in Germany and China ：Policies,Technologies and Markets （Part Ⅰ）

The German Postal Reform I in 1989 introduced competition in the mobile cellular market. German cellular operators, DeTeMobil, Mannesmann, E-Plus and VIAG Interkom, built D1-, D2-, E1-and E2-Netze based on GSM standards made in Europe. China Unicom was created in 1994 and China Telecom was separated from MPT in 1995. China Telecom and China Unicom competed in a duopoly from the mid-1990s onwards and the cellular services provided by them also rely on GSM standards. China Telecom additionally deployed XLT technology (PHS) from the late 1990s onwards. While DeTeMobil and Mannesmann conquered approximately 80%-90% of the market throughout the 1990s and were the two dominant market players in Germany, China’s cellular market was mainly controlled by China Mobile. In Germany, prices related to cellular technology continued the downwards trend as a major result of the process of deregulation, liberalisation and competition. In China, price wars had led to significant price reductions in the cellular market. Although network operators in both countries strived to deliver differentiated cellular services, the two national markets in the 1990s were visibly shaped by product homogeneity.     

The Digital Age of Mobile Cellular Network in Germany and China：Policies,Technologies and Markets （Part Ⅱ）

The German Postal Reform I in 1989 introduced competition in the mobile cellular market. German cellular operators, DeTeMobil, Mannesmann, E-Plus and VIAG Interkom, built D1-, D2-, E1-and E2-Netze based on GSM standards made in Europe. China Unicom was created in 1994 and China Telecom was separated from MPT in 1995. China Telecom and China Unicom competed in a duopoly from the mid-1990s onwards and the cellular services provided by them also rely on GSM standards. China Telecom additionally deployed XLT technology (PHS) from the late 1990s onwards. While DeTeMobil and Mannesmann conquered approximately 80%-90% of the market throughout the 1990s and were the two dominant market players in Germany, China's cellular market was mainly controlled by China Mobile. In Germany, prices related to cellular technology continued the downwards trend as a major result of the process of deregulation, liberalisation and competition. In China, price wars had led to significant price reductions in the cellular market. Although network operators in both countries strived to deliver differentiated cellular services, the two national markets in the 1990s were visibly shaped by product homogeneity.     

The Data Age of Mobile Cellular Network in Germany and China： Policies,Technologies and Markets （Part Ⅱ）

The UMTS auction in 2000 brought approximately 100 billion DM(Deutsche Mark)for the German National Treasury.T-Mobile(D1-Netz),Vodafone(D2-Netz),E-Plus(E1-Netz)and O2(E2-Netz)have gradually evolved from GSM to full-fledged UMTS operators over the past years.The conglomerate of China Telecom was split twice.China acceded to WTO and promulgated the FITE Provisions.MIIT(Ministry of Industry and Information Technology)became the regulator and China Netcom was incorporated into China Unicom in 2008.Most recently the layout of 3G future has been reconfirmed by MIIT.Voice service has remained the main source of income in both countries and operators have continued to focus on voice quality and network availability in their respective 2G networks.Because value-added and higher-speed data applications have been gaining market attention,2.5G and 3G infrastructure has increasingly become the focal network strategy for the operators since the beginning of the new century.Germany has rolled out WCDMA/UMTS services on a large scale in the consumer market,while China has adopted all three 3G standards(TD-SCDMA,WCDMA/UMTS, CDMA2000),which shall gradually capture a wider 3G subscriber base.The summary shows that the development of the cellular technology and market in Germany and China can be discussed in three distinct historical periods.The conclusion suggests that the case of the cellular technology appears to be consistent with and applicable to a number of arguments widely disputed in economics and management related to technology and innovation,such as dominant design,technology waves/ S-Curve,disruptive technologies,Technology Adoption Life Cycle.     

ZTE to Expand World’s First Commercial IOS V5.0-based CDMA2000 Network

ZTE Corporation, a leading globalprovider oftelecommunications equipment and network solutions,announced that it is to expand the world’s firstIOS V5.0- based CDMA2000 system in SriLanka.In September 2005, SriLanka Telecom, the nation’slargest fixed line telecommunications service provideracquired an 800 MHz CDMAlicense and called forinternationaltenders for the first phase ofa CDMAnetwork toprovide quality voice and Internet data access services andmany other enhanced services for…     

Extension of Delay Tolerant Network’s Routing Protocols for Preventing Excessive Utilization of Resources

The routing algorithms of DTN have the inbuilt storage management scheme such as Hop based TTL (Spray and Wait) or passive cure (Potential-based Entropy Adaptive Routing PEAR). There has been a significant amount of work in the past regarding buffer management policies. In this paper, we have proposed a new message deletion policy for multi-copy routing schemes. In this scheme, message delivery information is communicated to the other nodes in the network for removing useless bundles from the network, which prevents the nodes from the buffer overflow problem and avoid transfer of useless message replicas thus relaxing the resources of the nodes. We evaluate our proposed method by simulating network, on four major DTNs routing algorithms: Epidemic, Spray and Wait, ProPHET and MaxProp. The simulation results clearly show significant improvement in the value of delivery probability and the overhead ratio for an Epidemic, Spray and Wait, and Prophet routing protocols.     

量子阱混合(QWI)及其在光子集成电路(PIC’s)中的应用

综述近二十年来国际上对光电子材料超晶格量子阱生长后 ,为改变局部量子阱原有带隙而采用的各种量子阱混合无序方法。介绍了各种方法的技术特点、优缺点及它们在光子集成电路中的应用。     

3G核心网络(Core Network)测试解决方案

在1999年，美国胜利(Sunrise-Telecom-Pro．Tel)通讯设备公司推出第一台基于Web的协议分析仪(客户-服务器结构)-Ghepardo，由于它包含了以下创新特性，使其在协议分析仪产品市场上表现得非常突出：     

The Application of Grey Prediction toCommunication Network Planning

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The Research on E-mail Users’ Behavior of Participating in Subjects Based on Social Network Analysis

The e-mail network is a type of social network. This study analyzes user behavior in e-mail subject participation in organizations by using social network analysis. First, the Enron dataset and the position-related information of an employee are introduced, and methods for deletion of false data are presented. Next, the three-layer model(User, Subject, Keyword) is proposed for analysis of user behavior. Then, the proposed keyword selection algorithm based on a greedy approach, and the influence and propagation of an e-mail subject are defined. Finally, the e-mail user behavior is analyzed for the Enron organization. This study has considerable significance in subject recommendation and character recognition.     

TBFN: Trust Based Friend Network Design by Analyzing User’s Voice Call and SMS Pattern

Due to rapid development of Web 2.0 Technology social networking have gained explosive growth. This paper proposes a comparatively new approach to build a trust based social network named Trust Based Friend Net (TBFN) for smartphone users. In TBFN, call log and sms log extracted from user’s smartphone are outsourced into the corresponding social network cloud. Analyzing those real datasets the cloud service provider determines trust values of different direct and indirect friends of smartphone users. Global analysis of everyone’s data results in forming a trusted global social network that is free from fake profiles and that minimizes unscrupulous activities.     

Factors Affecting Retailer’s Adopti on of Mobile Payment Systems: A SEM-Neural Network Modeling Approach

Wireless Personal Communications - The development of mobile commerce depends on extensively accepted mobile payment (MP) systems. Even though new MP methods have been gradually induced in the...