Dual-Band Antenna Fed with CPW Technology Using Modified Mirrored L-Shaped Conductor-Back Plane

This paper describes a novel configuration of a CPW-fed printed monopole antenna that depicts dual-band operations of WLAN and X-bands. The proposed antenna consists of a simple rectangular-shaped patch as the main radiator, the modified mirrored L-shaped conductor back plane element, and the partial rectangular CPW-ground surface. Dual-band performances can be obtained by embedding and adjusting dimensions of strips on mirrored L-Shaped conductor back plane element. The impedance bandwidth with \(\hbox {s}_{11} < -10\)  dB is about 2.2 GHz (5.05–7.25 GHz) or 36 % for 5 GHz band and 5.2 GHz (7.6–12.8 GHz) or 51 % for X-band. The measured peak gains are about 1.8 dBi at WLAN-band and 4.3 dBi at X-band. The Experimental results indicate that the fabricated antenna with proper dimensions, good radiation characteristics, and reasonable measured gains can be a good candidate for various applications of the future multi-band wireless communication systems and mobile device.     

Ultra-Wideband Slot Antenna with Rejection of WLAN and ITU Bands Using Protruded Strip Resonators

In this paper, a different method for designing a new slot antenna with dual band-notched characteristic for ultra-wideband applications is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a square-ring radiating stub with an inverted T-shaped strip protruded inside the ring, a feed-line with an E-shaped strip protruded inside the rectangular slot, and a ground plane with a pair of L-shaped strips protruded inside the extra rectangular slot. In this study, by using a a pair of L-shaped strips protruded inside the slot in the ground plane, additional resonance is excited and hence much wider impedance bandwidth can be produced. By using this modified structure in the ground plane, the antenna provides a wide usable fractional bandwidth of more than 130 % (3.01–15.35 GHz). To generate a single band-notched function, we convert a square radiating patch to a square-ring with an inverted T-shaped strip. Finally, by adding a rectangular slot with a protruded E-shaped strip in the microstrip feed line, a dual band-notched function is achieved. The measured results reveal that the presented dual band-notched slot antenna offers a very wide bandwidth with two notched bands, covering all the 5–6 GHz wireless local area network, 8–8.5 GHz international telecommunication union bands.     

Asymmetrical mirror imaged monopole antenna with modified ground structure for DBDP radiations

ABSTRACT

In this article, asymmetrical mirror-imaged monopole antenna comprises a rectangular patch with tuneable stub and supported with modified ground structure (MGS) is investigated. The proposed antenna is characterised for dual band dual polarised (DBDP) radiations and can operate at 2.45 GHz for Wi-Fi and WLAN systems (2.4–2.485 GHz) and 5.45 GHz for WLAN band (WLAN band: 5.2–5.8 GHz) with the corresponding polarisations. A rectangular patch integrated with tuneable stub and a pair of asymmetrical inverted L-shaped slots positioned at ground plane is responsible for circularly polarised higher band; while a parasitic patch is created due to slotting of a mirror-imaged stub from the extended ground plane which is accountable for lower frequency band. The fabricated prototype shows that the measured Impedance bandwidths (VSWR < 2) are 350 and 1770 MHz for lower and higher frequency bands, respectively. The measured axial ratio bandwidth (AR < 3 dB) is yielded as 1450 MHz centred at 5.44 GHz for higher frequency band. The peak gains are measured as 4.3 and 4.15 dB for lower and higher frequency band, respectively. For the prototype antenna, substantial 3-dB beamwidth is found along with good cross polarisation suppression.     

Compact Dual Band-Notched Monopole Antenna with Modified Radiating Patch for UWB Wireless Applications

Ultra-wideband (UWB) planar antennas with single or multiple notched frequency bands properties have recently been considered for various communications between wireless devices. In this study, a low profile microstrip monopole antenna with double band-filtering function is designed and investigated. FR-4 dielectric with properties of ε = 4.4 and δ = 0.02 has been employed as the antenna substrate. The configuration of the proposed design is composed of a modified fork-shaped radiating patch with inverted Ω-shaped slot and a pair of coupled Γ-shaped parasitic structures, a feed-line and a ground plane. The proposed dual band-notched UWB antenna provides good impedance bandwidth characteristic from 2.89 to 12.43 GHz for VSWR <2 with two notched bands which cover all the 5.2/5.8 GHz of WLAN, 3.5/5.5 GHz of WiMAX and 4-GHz of C bands ranges. The antenna provides good radiation behavior with sufficient gain levels over its operation frequency band.     

平面小型化双陷波天线设计

本文设计了一种具有双频陷波特性的小型化平面单极子天线．该天线由开有π型与W型缝隙的辐射贴片和一对L型分支组成．L型分支的作用是能够激励额外谐振,从而增加阻抗带宽,π型和W型缝隙能够实现双陷波特性．该天线可以实现超过130％的带宽（2．77～13．62 GHz）,最大的特点是具有12×18×1．6 mm3的小型化尺寸．最终的仿真和测试结果显示其在整个超宽带频段内具有良好的陷波特性、增益和全向辐射特性．     

Multi band multi polarized reconfigurable circularly polarized monopole antenna with simple biasing network

Design of a reconfigurable multiband multi polarized monopole antenna with simple bias circuit is presented. The proposed antenna consists of simple radiating truncated rectangular patch with a cross-shaped slit and a ground plane embedded with L-shaped slit. The antenna produces two separate impedance bandwidth with three senses of polarization namely right hand circular polarization, left hand circular polarization and linear polarization. PIN diode is used to reconfigure the L-shape slit in the ground plane. The antenna generates dual band behavior with multiple circularly and linearly polarized bands. With OFF state of the diode, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 10.22% and 83.43% from 3.99 GHz to 4.42 GHz and 5.84 GHz to 14.20 GHz, respectively, while 3-dB axial ratio bandwidths are 9.83% and 13.73% from 5.79 GHz to 6.39 GHz and 8.49 GHz to 9.74 GHz, respectively. In the ON state, antenna also shows the dual band behavior with an impedance bandwidth of 49.10% and 21.31% from 7.20 GHz to 11.04 GHz and 12.66 GHz to 15.37 GHz, respectively, while 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 6.49%, 8.45% and 2.0% from 7.90 GHz to 8.43 GHz, 10.08 GHz to 10.97 GHz and 12.87 GHz to 13.13 GHz, respectively.     

A novel broadband circularly polarised monopole antenna

A novel broadband circularly polarised (CP) monopole antenna is designed and implemented in this article. The antenna consists of a radiating patch that is composed of an annular-ring linked by a square ring over the corner and a modified ground plane. The broadband property is achieved based on a novel monopole structure that is connected by two perturbed loops, so the CP wave is generated due to the perturbation. Besides, by cutting a rectangular slit and embedding a vertical stub on the ground plane, the impedance and axial-ratio (AR) bandwidths can be greatly enhanced. The measured results reveal that the proposed monopole antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 4.575 GHz from 2.3 to 6.85 GHz, reaching the particularly broad bandwidth of 99.5%. Furthermore, a wide 3-dB AR bandwidth of 34.6% (1.53 GHz, 3.65–5.18 GHz) centred at 4.42 GHz is achieved. The radiation characteristics of the designed antenna are also presented.     

Design of Compact Planar Triple Band-Notch Monopole Antenna for Ultra-wideband Applications

In this article a microstrip-fed mickey shaped monopole antenna with triple notched band characteristics for ultra-wideband applications is presented. By etching two slots in the ground plane, improved VSWR bandwidth is achieved. Mickey shape radiating patch provides 10 dB return-loss bandwidth from 3.10 to 10.60 GHz. By etching three simple C-shaped slots on the radiating patch, three existing wireless communication systems which interfere with UWB band is removed which includes WiMAX IEEE802.16 (3.30–3.80 GHz), WLAN IEEE802.11a/h/j/n (5.15–5.35, 5.25–5.35, 5.47–5.725, 5.725–5.825 GHz) and X-band downlink satellite system (7.1–7.9 GHz). Experimental results reveal that the proposed antenna exhibits desirable radiation patterns in the far field, resulting omnidirectional like pattern in the H-plane and nearly dipole like pattern in the E-plane.     

Electromagnetic band gap coupled tri-notched miniaturized ultra-wideband antenna loaded with slot and parasitic strip

An electromagnetic band gap (EBG) coupled miniaturized tri-notched printed ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole microstrip antenna having dimensions of 22 mm × 26 mm × 1.6 mm loaded with a slot in radiating patch and a parasitic strip in the ground plane has been presented. The proposed structure incorporates a square-shaped metallic radiating patch with a square EBG structure adjacent to the microstrip feed line, a U-shaped meandered slot over the radiating element, and a U-shaped parasitic resonator at the ground plane beneath the radiating element, to reject the C-band satellite downlink (3.7 to 4.2 GHz), WLAN frequency band (5.15 to 5.85 GHz), and X-band satellite downlink (7.25 to 7.75 GHz) frequency bands, respectively. The designed antenna operates in the frequency range from 3 to 11.1 GHz, with an impedance bandwidth of 8.1 GHz and a percentage bandwidth of 114%. Modification steps incorporating into the reference antenna to achieve the desired design objectives have been discussed, along with parametric studies. The proposed design has been simulated using Ansys HFSS, and measurement has been taken using standard measurement technique and compared with the simulated results.     

A low profile circularly polarized UWB antenna with integrated GSM band for wireless communication

A novel monopole antenna with wide impedance bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) is presented. The proposed structure is consisting of a wide slot hexagonal shape with an L-shaped radiator coupled inside the slot. Further, two inverted L-shaped strips are protruded on the opposite corners of the hexagonal patch for better radiation capability. The radiating patch is fed by a semi hexagonal ring feed mechanism followed by a tapered line coplanar waveguide (CPW) for improving antenna performance. The proposed structure is supported by a triangular shaped ground plane. An extremely wide -10 dB impedance bandwidth of around 195% and 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 32.5% is achieved. The designed antenna has stable radiation characteristics within the operating band. Proposed antenna is fabricated on FR4 epoxy substrate by means of standard photolithography process and measured results are found in a good match with simulated.     

Compact UWB monopole antenna with quadruple band notched characteristics

ABSTRACT

A compact planar Ultrawideband (UWB) monopole antenna with quadruple band notch characteristics is proposed. The proposed antenna consists of a notched rectangular radiating patch with a 50 Ω microstrip feed line, and a defected ground plane. The quadruple band notched functions are achieved by utilising two inverted U-shaped slots, a symmetrical split ring resonator pair (SSRRP) and a via hole. The fabricated antenna has a compact size of 24 mm × 30 mm × 1.6 mm with an impedance bandwidth ranging from 2.86 to 12.2 GHz for magnitude of S₁₁ < ?10 dB. The four band notched characteristics of proposed antenna are in the WiMAX (worldwide interoperability for microwave access) band (3.25–3.55 GHz), C band (3.7–4.2 GHz), WLAN (wireless local area network) band (5.2–5.9 GHz) and the downlink frequency band of X band (7–7.8 GHz) for satellite communication are obtained. The measured and simulation results of proposed antenna are in good agreement to achieve impedance matching, stable radiation patterns, constant gain and group delay over the operating bandwidth.     

Compact Planar Monopole Antenna with Dual Band Notched Characteristics Using T-Shaped Stub and Rectangular Mushroom Type Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure for UWB and Bluetooth Applications

In this paper, an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with dual band-notched characteristics is proposed. The proposed antenna also covers ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical)/Bluetooth band. The antenna consists of a microstrip fed truncated U-shaped patch, T-shaped stub, rectangular mushroom type electromagnetic band gap structures (EBG), and partial ground plane. To mitigate the problem of interference due to standard narrow bands (like wireless interoperability microwave access (WiMAX) and wireless local area network (WLAN)) lie in the range of UWB, dual band notched characteristics is introduced. The WiMAX and WLAN band notched characteristics are realized by introducing a T-shaped stub and rectangular mushroom type EBG structures, respectively. The proposed antenna is printed on a 1.6 mm thick FR4 substrate with relative permittivity \((\upvarepsilon _{\mathrm{r}})\) 4.4 and the size of actual antenna is \(36 \times 40\hbox { mm}^{2}\) . The measured results shows that the proposed antenna attains a wide impedance bandwidth \((\hbox {VSWR} \le 2)\) from 2.35 to 11.6 GHz with dual band notched characteristics from 3.29 to 3.9 GHz and 5.1 to 5.85 GHz with stable radiation patterns. The time domain behaviors of the proposed antenna is also analyzed for pulse handling capability.     

便携设备中带陷蝶形UWB天线的设计

提出了一种应用于便携设备中具有带陷特性的平面蝶形UWB天线.该天线采用蝶形贴片作为辐射单元,并由渐变线作为阻抗变换器与50 Ω馈线进行匹配.通过在辐射面上挖C形槽实现带陷功能,并给出仿真和实测结果.该天线的工作频带覆盖3.1～10.6 GHz,并有效避免了5.15～5.825 GHz的无线局域网(WLAN)频段,适于便...     

Internal Ultrawideband Monopole Antenna for Wireless USB Dongle Applications

A novel, ultrawideband (UWB) monopole antenna suitable to be mounted on the printed circuit board (PCB) of a wireless, universal, serial-bus (USB) dongle as an internal antenna is presented. The proposed antenna in the study is a U-shaped, metal-plate monopole antenna, easily fabricated from bending a simple metal plate onto a foam base of a compact size of 6times11times20 mm³. The antenna mainly comprises a pair of wide-ended radiating arms and a bevel-feed transition. When the antenna is mounted at the top portion of the PCB, one end of the radiating arm is also short-circuited to the system ground plane. With the proposed antenna structure, which can provide a very wide operating bandwidth of larger than 7.6 GHz, the antenna impedance bandwidth can easily cover the 3.1-10.6 GHz UWB band. Details of the antenna design are described, and experimental results of the constructed prototypes are presented and discussed     

Compact Quad Band-Notched Monopole Antenna for UWB Systems

A novel compact microstrip-fed UWB antenna with quad notched band is proposed. The antenna consists of a rectangular radiating patch with a half circle, a tapered microstrip feed-line, and a semi-elliptical ground plane. With a pair of L-shaped slots, complementary co-directional SRR and a pair of C-shaped stubs, four notched bands are created to prevent interference from WiMAX/lower WLAN/higher WLAN/X-band. Experimental results show that the designed antenna, with compact size of 20 × 30 mm², has an ultrawide band (VSWR < 2) from 2.68 to 13 GHz, except four notched bands of 3.13–3.8, 4.87–5.52, 5.65–6.1, 7.12–8 GHz. Good radiation patterns and stable gain within the operating band have been observed.     

Analysis of L-probe Proximity Fed Annular Ring Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

In the present paper, annular ring patch antenna with L-probe feeding has been analyzed using modal expansion cavity model. The proposed antenna shows wide band and ultra wide band operation which depends on the position of L-probe feeding and position of the shorting pin. For the fundamental \(\hbox {TM}_{11}\) mode, the bandwidth and gain is found to be 38.85 % and 7.8 dBi while for higher order \(\hbox {TM}_{12}\) mode bandwidth is obtained 58.71 % with corresponding gain of 6.1 dBi. The effect of shorting pin on the proposed antenna is also studied and it is found that the radiating structure is more compact in nature and improves the bandwidth upto 47.37 % with 8.0 dBi gain. Further, the proposed antenna has broadside radiation pattern over the entire bandwidth. The theoretical results are compared with IE3D simulated results which are in good agreement.     

A Novel Design of Low Power Rectenna for Wireless Sensor and RFID Applications

In this paper, an efficient microstrip rectenna operating on ISM band with high harmonic rejection is presented. By using rotated E-shaped strip in the radiating patch, a new resonance at lower frequencies (2.4 GHz) can be achieved. Also by embedding cutting a rectangular slot with protruded interdigital strip inside the slot in the feed line a frequency band-stop performance can be achieved. The proposed structure has a major advantage in high harmonic rejection. The rectenna with integrated monopole antenna can eliminate the need for an low pass filter placed between the antenna and the diode as well as produce higher output power, with maximum conversion efficiency of 74 % using a 1 K \(\Omega \) load resistor at a power density of \(0.3\,\hbox {mW/cm}^{2}\) .     

Compact Folded Monopole Antenna Excited by a Conductor‐Backed Coplanar Waveguide with Vias

A compact monopole antenna excited by a conductor‐backed coplanar waveguide (CBCPW) is developed for wireless USB dongle applications. The proposed antenna has a compact dimension of 14 mm × 47.4 mm × 3.5 mm, which is suitable for a USB dongle housing. A slotted elliptical patch and a CBCPW with vertical vias are employed to achieve a further size reduction and an improved impedance bandwidth. The measurement result demonstrates that the fabricated antenna resonates from 2.25 GHz to 10.9 GHz, which covers all of the important wireless communication bands, including WiBro (2.3 GHz to 2.4 GHz), Bluetooth (2.4 GHz to 2.484 GHz), WiMAX (2.5 GHz to 2.7 GHz and 3.4 GHz to 3.6 GHz), satellite DMB (2.605 GHz to 2.655 GHz), 802.11b/g/a WLAN (2.4 GHz to 2.485 GHz and 5.15 GHz to 5.825 GHz), and ultra‐wideband (3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz) services. The radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna when attached to a laptop are tested to investigate the influence of the keypad and the LCD panel of the laptop.     

A High-gain Wideband Antenna with Double Fabry-perot Cavities

A high-gain wideband antenna, using the electromagnetic resonances of double Fabry-Perot (F-P) cavities, is proposed. The two cavities are excited by a patch antenna placed in the cavities on top of the ground plane. One of the double F-P cavities is formed by a ground plane and a single metallic strips array, and the other consists of the patch and the metallic strips array. The two F-P cavities have different resonance points which yield the frequency bandwidth of 7% between 13.0 and 14 GHz with S₁₁?≤?10 dB, meanwhile, in this frequency region high gain is also obtained. Moreover, the center frequency and bandwidth could be adjusted by changing the cavity length. The high-gain wideband antenna was manufactured and measured. The measured VSWR is less than 2 from 13.3 GHz to 15.2 GHz, the measured gain is 13.5 dB at 13.5 GHz. In addition to that, a considerable improvement of 7 dB in terms of gain is obtained when compared to the same antenna without metallic strips.