硅烷交联超高分子量聚乙烯

采用硅烷对超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)进行交联改性，系统地研究了交联UHMWPE的凝胶率、熔点、结晶度、力学性能与耐磨性。结果表明，硅烷偶联剂导致了UHMWPE的交联，使UHMWPE的凝胶率提高。当硅烷含量较低时，UHMWPE的熔点增高、结晶度增大；当硅烷含量较高时，UHMWPE的熔点、结晶度呈下降的趋势；硅烷交联导致了UHMWPE材料的模量和强度提高，磨耗率降低；当硅烷含量较高时，交联UHMWPE材料的力学性能和磨耗率均变差；当硅烷含量为0．2份～0．4份时，交联UHMWPE材料的综合性能最佳。     

真空弧源沉积类金刚石薄膜及其性能研究

采用真空弧源沉积技术在钛合金及Si(100)表面合成DLC薄膜．通入不同的氩气．控制DLC薄膜中的SP3／SP2比值。研究表明，薄膜硬度可达96GPa．随着氩气流量的增加，薄膜的硬度先增加．后有明显降低。随着氩气流量的增加，类金刚石薄膜中．SP2键增加，SP3键减少，而血液相容性明显提高。DLC薄膜具有优异的耐磨性，摩擦系数低，与钛合金基体结合牢固。     

超高分子量聚乙烯的结晶形态

应用光学和电子显微镜等手段研究了四种超高分子量聚乙烯初生态聚合体和熔化结晶试样各自生成的结晶形态结构。结果表明,在初生态聚合体中生成纤维状晶体,而熔化结晶试样中只能生成由折迭链片晶组成的球晶结构,熔体拉伸取向结晶时则生成类似草席晶的结构。     

超高分子量聚乙烯填料改性研究

本文选用粉煤灰，硅藻土和石墨三种无机填料填充超高分子量聚乙烯，考察了填料对其性能的影响。结果表明，填为加适量的粉煤灰可使ＵＨＭＷ－ＰＥ的耐磨性提高了约５０％，热变形温度提高达３０℃。填充三种填料后，冲击强度都有所下降，但当含量控制在１５％以内时，还具有较高的低温冲击性能。     

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维现状的研究

介绍超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的结构特点,性能及加工方法。描述了纤维在各领域的应用,介绍了国内外生产厂家对超高分子量聚乙烯的改性方法和应用。并指出其今后的发展。     

超高分子量聚乙烯加工研究进展

本文详细介绍了超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)的模压成型、挤出成型、注塑成型、凝胶纺丝等加工方法,并指出了各种方法的优缺点。     

超高分子量聚乙烯磨粒磨损性能及机理的研究

本文利用ＭＬＳ－２３胶轮磨损试验机对超高分子量聚乙烯（ＵｌｔｒａＨｉｇｈＭｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒＷｅｉｇｈｔＰｏｌｙｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅ）的磨粒磨损进行了研究，考察了磨损圈数（磨损时间）载荷对其耐磨性的影响，通过扫描电子显微镜（Ｓ６００）对其磨损表面形貌的观察，作者指出，超高分子量聚乙烯磨粒磨损的主要机理是犁耕和亚表层生断裂。     

超高分子量聚乙烯的生物摩擦学

结合超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)的磨损机制,综述了通过改性,如离子注入、填料改性等,提高UHMWPE的耐磨性研究,并对其发展方向进行了有益探讨.     

钛合金基类金刚石梯度薄膜的生物摩擦学性能评价

通过与钛合金／超高分子量聚乙烯摩擦副的对比，研究了DLC／UHMWPE摩擦副分别在干摩擦、生理盐水^L和Hank's溶液润滑下的摩擦磨损特性。用二次离子质谱和声波反射划痕仪分别测定了DLC梯度薄膜的组分分布和附着强度，并用扫描电子显微镜观察试样表面形貌，探讨其磨损机理。结果表明：用PSII-IBED法制备的DLC薄膜的组分由内向外呈梯度变化，膜的附着强度较高。DLC梯度薄膜是一种减摩耐磨材料，其摩擦系数随载荷的增大而减小。     

Effects of screen-grid bias voltage on the microstructure and properties of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) modified by oxygen plasma

The specimens of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) were treated by oxygen plasma using a pulse-biased screen-grid technique under different negative bias conditions. The screen-grid was used to provide an electric field to accelerate the oxygen ions towards the UHMWPE substrate during the plasma treatment process. The effects of the screen-grid voltage on the surface microstructure, wettability, mechanical properties and wear resistance of UHMWPE were investigated. It was found that the degree of crosslinking, oxidation, wettability and surface roughness of UHMWPE can be increased with the increasing of the screen-grid voltage. Owing to the increase of the degree of crosslinking, the hardened layer formed on the surface of the UHMWPE samples was also strengthened greatly with the increase of the grid voltage. However, the wear results indicated that the UHMWPE sample modified at higher bias voltage exhibits poor wear performance, which could be mainly related to the embrittlement resulted from the aggravation of oxidation.     

Preparation of various DLC films by T-shaped filtered arc deposition and the effect of heat treatment on film properties

Different types of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films (ta-C, a-C, ta-C:H and a-C:H) were prepared on super hard alloy (WC-Co) substrate using a T-shape filtered arc deposition (T-FAD) system. At first, the film properties, such as structure, hydrogen content, density, hardness, elastic modulus, were measured. Ta-C prepared with a DC bias of −100 V showed the highest density (3.1 g/cm³) and hardness (70-80 GPa), and the lowest hydrogen content (less than 0.1 at. %). It was found that the hardness of the DLC film is proportional to approximately the third power of film density. The DLC films were then heated for 60 min in an electric furnace at 550 °C in N₂. Only the ta-C film hardly change its structure, although other films were graphitized. The 200-nm thick ta-C film was then heated for 60 min through the temperature range from 400 to 800 °C in N₂ with 2 vol.% of O₂ and the film structure found to be stable up to 700 °C. The substrate was oxidized at 800 °C, indicating the ta-C film had a thermal barrier function up to that temperature.     

Characterization and tribological application of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films prepared by radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) technique

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were successfully prepared on glass substrates and surfaces of selenium drums via radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method. The microstructure, surface morphology, hardness, film adhesion, and tribological properties of the films were characterized and evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and micro-sclerometer and friction-wear spectrometer. The results showed that DLC films have smooth surfaces, homogeneous particle sizes, and excellent tribological properties, which can be used to improve the surface quality of the selenium drums and prolong their service life.     

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维复合表面改性及其橡胶基复合材料的力学性能

针对超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维与基体之间界面结合强度低的问题,采用超声波结合铬酸溶液氧化的复合工艺对UHMWPE纤维进行表面处理,并将处理后的纤维加入到天然橡胶(NR)中制备短切UHMWPE纤维/NR复合材料。结果表明:复合改性工艺可有效增加纤维表面粗糙度及表面含氧官能团含量,最佳改性工艺条件为:按照重铬酸钾、水及浓硫酸的质量比7∶12∶150配置铬酸溶液,将含有一定质量UHMWPE纤维的铬酸溶液放入35℃的超声波清洗仪中氧化5min,其中超声波频率为100kHz。与纯NR样品相比,在UHMWPE纤维与NR的质量比为0~6∶100范围内,随着处理后短纤维含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度逐渐减小,最大损失量达到50%;复合材料的硬度不断增大,最大增加量达到96%;复合材料的撕裂强度先增大后减小,在UHMWPE纤维与NR的质量比为5∶100时达到最大值,最大增加量达到49%。     

非平衡磁控溅射无氢DLC增透膜的研制

非平衡磁控溅射(UBMS)技术近年来得到了广泛地应用.采用该技术制备的类金刚石薄膜(DLC)具有许多独特的性质.本文利用正交实验方法,对非平衡磁控溅射技术制备无氢DLC膜增透膜进行了研究,得到了影响薄膜光学性能的主要因素和最佳的制备工艺.结果表明,非平衡磁控溅射制备的无氢DLC膜具有较宽的光谱透明区,锗基底单面沉积DLC膜,其峰值透射率达到61.4%,接近理论值.     

Tribological properties of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) filled with copper micro‐powder

This paper investigates the tribological properties of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) filled with copper micro‐powder (CMP). The fabrication and testing procedures implemented to characterize strength and wear properties of the composite are discussed. The effect of copper micro‐powder concentration on tensile strength, elongation at break, impact resistance, coefficient of friction, and wear resistance of the composite is investigated. Results show that copper micro‐powder concentration of 1 wt% yields the optimal combination of wear resistance and tensile strength of the composite. A morphological analysis based on scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the copper micro‐powder‐ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene specimens is also discussed. The presence of ridges and plaques on the specimens, analyzed after the sliding wear tests, is attributed to fatigue and adhesion mechanisms. Investigations performed by using an electron probe micro‐analyzer provide evidence that the detachment of copper micro‐powder particles from the matrix during sliding wear tests creates a lubricating layer that drastically decreases the coefficient of friction of the composite and improves its wear resistance properties.     

冻胶法制备超高分子量聚乙烯/SiO2杂化微孔膜研究——稀释剂与SiO2对铸膜液熔融结晶性能的影响

根据界面相分离原理,以矿物油为稀释剂,O2为添加剂,采用冻胶法制备了超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)膜以及UHMWPE/SiO2杂化微孔膜,讨论了稀释剂以及无机粒子含量对膜熔融结晶性能的影响.结果表明,矿物油作为微孔稀释剂,其加入使微孔膜中UHMWPE熔点降低,结晶度减小.当SiO2与UHMWPE质量比低于8/10时,随SiO2含量增加,UHMWPE熔点变化不显著,熔限增加,结晶温度升高,相对结晶度增大,微晶尺寸减小;当SiO2加入量足够大时,相对结晶度反而减小.随SiO2其含量增加,界面孔增多,膜孔隙率提高,水通量增大,泡点孔径先增大后减小.     

涤纶材料表面类金刚石薄膜的沉积及其抗菌性能研究

采用乙炔等离子体浸没离子注入与沉积(PIII-D)，对医用涤纶(PET)缝合环材料进行表面改性，Raman光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)的分析结果表明：在涤纶材料表面有效地沉积了一层类金刚石(DLC)薄膜。原子力显微镜(AFM)的图像分析进一步证明表面平均粗糙度从58．9nm降低到11．2mm。细菌粘附实验结果证明沉积了类金刚石薄膜的表面对5种细菌——金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)、表皮葡萄球菌(SE)、大肠杆菌(EC)、绿浓杆菌(PA)和白色念殊菌(CA)的粘附均有明显抑制作用，其中从培养时间为15h的吸附情况比较来看，金黄色葡萄球菌的粘附率降低了70％．表皮葡萄球菌降低了86%。     

类金刚石薄膜对轴承钢表面机械性能和滚动接触疲劳寿命的影响

使用等离子体浸没离子注入与沉积(PIII&D)技术在轴承钢基体表面合成类金刚石(DLC)薄膜,研究了薄膜的结构和性能,结果表明,所制备的DLC薄膜主要是由金刚石键(sp3)和石墨键(sp2)组成的混合无定形碳,且sp3键含量大于10%,DLC膜层致密均匀,与基体结合良好,DLC膜具有很高的硬度和杨氏模量,分别达到40 GPa和430 GPa;其最低摩擦系数由基体的0.87下降到0.2,被处理薄膜试件在90%置信区间下的L10、L50、La和平均寿命L较基体分别延长了10.1倍、4.2倍、3.5倍和3.4倍,PIII&D轴承钢滚动接触疲劳寿命的分散性得到了显著改善.