锌基体分离及纯锌中杂质成分的ICP-MS测定

探讨了阴离子交换树脂分离富集纯锌中铜、镉、铅、铁的条件,所得优化分离富集条件为：强碱性阴离子交换柱,样品溶液酸度为2mol／L盐酸;三段淋洗液依次为2mol／L盐酸、0．1mol／L氢溴酸＋0．5mol／L硝酸的混合酸及3mol／L硝酸淋洗。经ICP-MS测定证明,95％以上的锌得到分离,90％以上的铜、镉、铅、铁得到富集,有效地降低ICP-MS对纯锌中铜、镉、铅、铁测定时的基体干扰。     

离心萃取器协同萃取分离镍钴

利用离心萃取器研究硫酸体系中P507和P204协同萃取分离镍钴的效果。结果表明,P507和P204组成的协同萃取体系对镍钴的分离存在正协同效应,在有机相组成VP507∶VP204为3∶2,VO∶VA为1∶1,水相酸度为0.2 mol/L,流通量为10 L/h,转速为2 300 r/min,常温条件下,钴的二级逆流萃取率为95.8%,βCo/Ni为5 680。负载有机相用2 mol/L的H2SO4溶液2级逆流反萃,Co2+的反萃取率为93.5%,反萃液中的钴离子浓度为12.6 g/L。     

利用离心萃取器研究协同萃取分离镍钴

利用离心萃取器研究硫酸体系中P507和P204协同萃取分离镍钴的效果。实验研究表明P507和P204组成的协同萃取体系对镍钴的分离存在正协同效应,在有机相组成为VP507: VP204为3:2; VO：VA为1:1;水相酸度为0.2mol/L,流通量为10L/h,转速为2300r/min,常温条件下,钴的二级逆流萃取率为95.8%%,βCo/Ni为5680。负载有机用2mol/L的H2SO4溶液2级逆流反萃,Co2 的反萃取率为93.5%,反萃液中的钴离子浓度为12.6g/L。     

韶冶真空炉锗渣氧压浸出液中锗的分离与富集

以韶关冶炼厂真空炉渣氧压浸出液为原料,以P204及Rex t-32为萃取剂萃取分离与富集锗组分,考察萃取有机相组成、酸度pH、萃取时间、相比等因素,对锗分离与富集效果的影响．研究结果表明：pH＝2．0,相比V （O）/V （W）＝1∶1,萃取10 min ,一次萃取锗萃取率达96．89,;富锗有机相用4mol/L氢氧化钠溶液反萃锗,相比V （O ）/V （W ）＝3∶1,反萃15 min ,经3级反萃后反萃液中锗含量为7．81 g/L,反萃率为95．37,（以渣计）;锗反萃液用1∶1硫酸中和,控制终点pH为8．0～8．5,可得到品位为37．62,的富锗料,锗沉淀率为90．51,．     

锌在体分离及纯锌中杂质成分的ICP—MS测定

探讨了阴离子交换树脂分离富集纯锌中铜,镉,铅,铁的条件,所得优化分离富集条件为：强碱性阴离子交换柱,样品溶液酸度为２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸;三段洒洗液依次为２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸,０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ氢溴酸＋０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ硝酸的混合酸及３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ硝酸淋洗,经ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ测定证明,９５％以上的锌得到分离,９０％以上的铜,镉,铅,铁得到富集,有效地降低了ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ对纯锌中铜,镉,铅,铁测定时的基体干扰。     

废旧三元锂电池正极材料回收镍、钴和锂

以废旧三元锂电池正极材料为原料,经湿法浸出、化学沉淀、萃取分离等工序,有效回收了废旧三元锂电池正极材料中的镍、钴和锂。首先考察了H2SO4和H2O2体系各因素对浸出效果的影响,通过单因素条件试验结果分析,确定了浸出最佳浸出条件为：浸出温度90℃,酸料比2:1,双氧水/料（mL/g）1.33,液固比（mL/g）10:1,浸出时间1h。在此条件下渣率低,镍、钴、锰和锂浸出率都能达到99%以上。浸出液用30%的NaOH溶液进行中和沉淀,时间2h,温度90℃,终点pH值3.7,除铁后液中铁的含量小于0.005g/L,镍、钴损失1%以下。除铁后液经P204萃取除锰-P507镍钴分离- P204萃镍制备镍、钴产品,萃余后的硫酸锂溶液经浓缩后再进行碳酸钠沉锂。     

用LIX63-Exxsol D80从含Al(Ⅲ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)和Fe(Ⅲ)的硫酸溶液中萃取和选择性反萃取Mo(Ⅵ)和Ⅴ(Ⅳ)

《Hydrometallurgy》1996年41卷1期上发表了ZhangP．等人撰写的文章，介绍了用工业萃取剂LIX63从含多种金属离子的硫酸溶液中革取和选择性反革取钥（Ⅵ）和机（Ⅳ）的方法。革取钼（Ⅵ）和钒（Ⅳ）所用的萃取剂为40％LIX63－ExxsolD80。萃取料液为氢化脱硫废催化剂的硫酸浸出液，含（g／L）Mo2．83、V0．847、Co1．05、Ni0．215、Al12．78、Fe0.035。在室温和低pH值（～1．5）下，LIX63可优先萃取钼和钒，完全分离铅、钴、镍和铁。钼的萃取率为97．74％，钒为92．09％。负载有机相中的钼和钒通过选择性反萃取分离回收。先用2．5mol…     

硫酸钴溶液深度净化工艺研究

以氧化酸浸和化学沉淀除铁砷后得到的硫酸钴溶液为原料,制备杂质含量低的硫酸钴溶液。研究结果表明:当氟化铵用量为1.8倍理论用量,反应温度为60℃,Ca、Mg去除率分别为98.51%和96.62%。P204萃取除Zn,当萃原液pH值为3.5,P204体积分数为20%,有机相与水相的体积比为1∶1,Zn去除率达到99.39%,Mn去除率为49.02%,Co直收率为99.19%。P204萃取除Mn,当萃原液pH值为2.5,P204体积分数为10%,采用3级逆流萃取,Co直收率达到96.23%,Mn去除率为96.5%,溶液中Mn浓度仅为0.023 g/L。P507萃取Co,当萃原液pH值为4.0,P507体积分数为10%,有机相与水相的体积比为1∶1,采取5级逆流萃取,Co萃取率达到99.72%,Ni去除率98.7%,萃取余液中Co浓度仅为0.041 g/L。钴总回收率达到94.7%。     

铋基体分离及纯铋中杂质成分的ICP-MS测定

研究了用阴离子交换树脂分离纯铋中铜、锌、铅、铁、银的条件 ,所得优化分离条件为 :717型阴离子交换树脂柱 ,样品溶液为 2mol/LHCl溶液 ;三段淋洗液依次为 2mol/LHCl溶液、0 2mol/LHBr+0 2 5mol/LHNO3的混合酸溶液及 3mol/LHNO3溶液。经ICP -MS测定证明 ,95 %以上的铋得到分离 ,95 %以上的铜、锌、铅、铁、银可以分离测定 ,有效地降低了ICP -MS测定纯铋中铜、锌、铅、铁、银时铋基体的干扰     

D290大孔阴离子交换树脂吸附钽的性能及动力学研究

研究了D290大孔阴离子交换树脂从草酸水溶液中吸附钽草酸配合物的性能和动力学。实验结果表明，在[（NH4）2C2O4]＝0．13mol／L、[K2S2O7]＝0．03mol／L、[Ta]＝8×10－5mol／L，pH＝1．0条件下，钽的吸附率有最大值。测得Freundlish常数K＝11．59，吸附速率常数k25℃＝1．5×10－4s－1，吸附活化能Ea＝46．64kJ／mol，钽的饱和吸附容量为每克干树脂170．4mg。载钽饱和柱可用6mol／L硫酸洗脱，洗脱率可达98．92％。     

镍的萃取和钴电解液净化：2.溶剂萃取净化钴电解液

采用三段萃取流程净化钴电解液：Ｐ２０４萃取除铁,锌、锰、环烷酸－吡啶酯萃取除铜,ＨＡ－ＰＥ２０６萃取除镍。进行了半工业试验,净化后液满足生产１＃钴新液要求（Ｃｏ１００ｇ／１,Ｆｅ〈０．００１ｇ／１,Ｚｎ〈０．００１ｇ／１,Ｃｕ〈０．０００３ｇ／１）,并得到１号钴产品。     

N235萃取净化氯化镍溶液的有机相组成及其工艺的研究

镍精矿氯气浸出液经除铁后,用萃取剂N     

Lime Treatment of Mine Drainage at the Sarcheshmeh Porphyry Copper Mine,Iran

Laboratory and field treatment tests were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of lime treatment for mitigation of environmental effects of acid mine drainage (AMD) at the Sarcheshmeh porphyry copper mine. AMD associated with the rock waste dumps is contaminated with Al (>36,215 μg/L), Cd (>105 μg/L), Co (>522 μg/L), Cu (>53,250 μg/L), Mn (>42,365 μg/L), Ni (>629 μg/L), and Zn (>12,470 μg/L). The concentrations of other metals (Fe, Mo, Pb, and Se) are low or below detection limits (As, Cr, and Sb). Due to the very high Al and Mn content and the low concentration of Fe, a two-stage lime treatment method was chosen for the laboratory tests. In the first stage, the AMD was treated at four pH set points: 7.5, 8.9, 9, and 10. In the second stage, after removing the sludge at pH 9, treatment was continued at pH 10 and 11. The results indicated that a two-stage treatment method was not necessary because elements such as Al, Cu, Co, and Zn were easily treated at pH 7.5, while complete removal of Cd, Mn, and Ni only required a pH of 10. Increasing pH during the treatment process only caused a slight increase in Al. Field treatment tests support the laboratory results. Lime treatment of highly contaminated AMD from dump 11, using simple low density sludge pilot scale equipment, show that contaminant metals are treatable using this method. The mean treatment efficiency for contaminant metals was 99.4% for Al, % for Cd, 99.6% for Co, 99.7% for Cu, 98.5% for Mn, 99.7% for Ni, 99% for U, and 99.5% for Zn. The optimum pH for AMD treatment by lime was in the range of 9–10. The produced sludge in the treatment process was highly enriched in the contaminant metals, especially Cu (>7.34%), Al (>4.76%), Mn (>2.94%), and Zn (>1.25%). A correlation coefficient matrix indicates that the distribution pattern of the contaminant metals between soluble and precipitated phases is consistent with the hydrochemical behavior of the metals during the lime treatment process.     

Evaluation of Metal Attenuation from Mine Tailings in SE Spain (Sierra Almagrera): A Soil-Leaching Column Study

A laboratory study was undertaken using mine tailings and soil columns to evaluate some of the natural processes that can control the mobility of metals at Pb–Ag mine tailings impoundments. The effects of buffering, pH, and salinity were examined with tailings from the El Arteal deposit. Al, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn were mobilized when the tailings were leached. However, when the mine tailings were placed above alluvial soils, Al, Ba, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn were retained, although Fe and Sr clearly remained mobile. Most of the metal retention appears to be associated with the increase in pH caused by calcite dissolution. The sorption of some metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) onto oxyhydroxides of Fe and Mn, sulphates, clay materials, and organic matter may also explain the removal of these metals from the leachate.     

用N235从大洋多金属结核萃铜余液中萃取钴

研究了用N235从大洋多金属结核熔炼-锈蚀-萃取工艺中所产出的萃铜余液中萃取分离钴的方法。实验结果表明, N235萃取钴效果明显, 负载有机相中的钴能被稀酸反萃完全。采用N235萃取和稀酸反萃方法可以把Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)分离开。从含钴0.85 g/L的料液中, 按相比V_O/V_A= 1/2, 经四级逆流萃取, 二级反萃可将钴富集到15.20 g/L, 萃余液中含钴0.0055 g/L, 萃余液中Ni/Co高达1 838, 反萃液中Co/Ni =1 520, 产品质量符合优质工业氯化钴质量要求, 钴镍萃取分离效果甚佳, 钴的回收率大于98%。     

改性沸石对重金属离子吸附性能的试验研究

在静态和动态条件下 ,研究了改性斜发沸石对工业废水中重金属离子Cu2 、Zn2 、Cd2 、Pb2 的吸附。结果表明 ,改性斜发沸石对重金属离子有较好的吸附 ,pH值是影响吸附的主要因素。采用 1mol/LHCl NaCl(V/V =1∶1)混合溶液作为斜发沸石的再生剂 ,可使其重复再生使用。     

Assessment of Metals Pollution from Tailing Sites in the North Caucuses Region,Russia

The concentrations of metals were determined in the water and bottom sediments of both the Urup and Kuban Rivers near tailings sites in the North Caucasus region of southern Russia. The average concentrations in the Urup followed the order Fe?>?Mn?>?Pb?>?Cu?>?Zn?>?Cd?>?Ni?>?Co, while in the Kuban, the order was Fe?>?Pb?>?Zn?>?Ni?>?Mn?>?Cd, with copper and cobalt not detected. The levels of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, and Ni were above Russia’s maximum permissible concentration in both rivers. The water pollution index (WPI) values in Urup ranged from 12.97 to 28.17, indicating that the river is extremely polluted (Class VII), while the WPI value for Kuban ranged from 2.34 to 4.33 downstream of the tailings site, which corresponds to Class IV (contaminated). Calculating the coefficient of accumulation in sediments (CAS) revealed that in Urup, the CAS values for Ni and Cu were 3046 and 11638, respectively, which indicates an emergency environmental situation, while for Co, Fe, and Mn, the situation is high level chronic pollution (CAS?>?10⁴). The Kuban CAS values of Fe and Mn were also >?10⁴, again highly and chronically polluted. Most of the metals in both rivers are bound to the sediments, with minimal mobility. The potential ecological risk is moderate to considerable in Urup, and low in the Kuban River.     

Contaminated Alluvial Ground Water in the Butte Summit Valley

Abstract.  Ground water in alluvial sediments of upper Silver Bow Creek is chronically contaminated with heavy metals, including Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn. Most of this contamination stems from slag, mill tailings, and waste rock from the Butte mining district that had been deposited along the ancestral Silver Bow Creek floodplain. Much of this mine waste is now buried by fill, topsoil, buildings, or parking lots. Although the pH values of most wells in the region are in the 5.5 to 7.0 range, a cluster of monitoring wells near the site of a former mill and smelter contain water that is strongly acidic (pH < 4.5), with extremely high dissolved metal concentrations (Cu up to 750 mg/L; Zn up to 490 mg/L). Ground water discharging from the area is currently collected by a subsurface French drain and conveyed to a treatment facility where lime is added to precipitate metals from solution.     

The effect of cadmium ion on cobalt removal from zinc sulfate solution

The effects of cadmium concentration, temperature, time and copper concentration were investigated on cobalt removal from zinc sulfate solution by zinc dust. The results show a small amount of cadmium can increase the rate and extent of cobalt cementation. Residues after cementation were analyzed by electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA). Zn–Co and Zn–Cd alloys were found to enhance cobalt removal, whereas Zn–Cu and Cu–Cd alloys had an adverse effect on cobalt removal. To enhance cobalt removal, the Zn–Co or Zn–Cd alloys must form.