Al2O3掺杂对微晶(Y,Mg)-PSZ材料性能的影响

本文研究了不同Ａｌ２Ｏ３含量掺杂对生晶（Ｙ,Ｍｇ）－ＰＳＺ材料的烧结性,晶粒尺寸及力学性能的影响,实验结果表明：（１）少量掺杂Ａｌ２Ｏ３对材料上述性能有明显影响。Ａｌ２Ｏ３既可抑制晶粒长大,又使常温力学性能有所改善;（２）过量添加Ａｌ２Ｏ３在抑制晶粒长大的同时,也阻碍了烧结致密化,但对材料高温力学性能有明显改善。     

全粉料α—Al2O3烧结性能的研究

本文研究了ＴｉＯ２和ＭｇＯ＋Ｙ２Ｏ３＋Ｌｉ２Ｏ３添加剂及微粉对全粉料α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３烧结性能的影响,测试了试样的体积,显气孔率及抗弯强度,用ＳＥＭ分析了显微结构,结果表明加０．３ｗｔ％ＴｉＯ２即可显著促进烧结,添加ＭｇＯ＋Ｙ２Ｏ３＋Ｌａ２Ｏ３复合添加剂可抑制晶粒生长,使晶粒得以细化。微粉含量由３３％增至４３％可显著促进烧结。     

Si3N4—MgAl2O4—Al2O3系材料无压烧结的研究

本文对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系复合材料的无压烧结进行了研究，讨论了Ａｌ２Ｏ３含量对材料性能的影响及烧结工艺对材料性能和显微结构的相互关系。实验表明：两段法烧结可以得到性能良好的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料。     

化学共沉淀法制备微晶PSZ陶瓷的显微结构与力学性能

采用化学共沉淀法制备ＺｒＯ２－ＭｇＯ－Ｙ２Ｏ３系和ＺｒＯ２－ＭｇＯ－Ｙ２Ｏ３系均匀超细活性粉末，经化学组成和显微结构设计，获得了固溶湿度小于等于１５５０℃且致密烧结的微晶ＰＳＺ复相陶瓷，其常温抗弯强度为７６６ＭＰａ，断裂韧性Ｋ１ｃ为１２．５ＭＰａ·ｍ＾１／２。研究了ＭｇＯ和Ａｌ２Ｏ３以及１１００℃热处理时间对材料显微结构、相组成和力学性能的影响。     

Al2O3添加量对Y—TZP陶瓷烧结及力学性能的影响

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３添加量对Ｙ－ＴＺＰ陶瓷烧结及力学性能的影响，结果表明，微量Ａｌ２Ｏ３可固溶于ＺｒＯ２中而提高材料致密度，使Ｙ－ＴＺＰ的强度、耐磨性等力学性能也同时得到提高，过量Ａｌ２Ｏ３处ＺｒＯ２晶界上阻碍致密化，２０ｗｔ％Ａｌ２Ｏ３，１５５０℃，４ｈ未能烧结，使各项力学性能明显下降。     

MgO、Y2O3添加剂对原位反应制备ZTM/A12O3材料性能的影响

本文主要探讨了MgO、Y2 O3 添加剂对原位反应制备ZTM/Al2 O3 材料常温力学性能的影响。实验表明 :MgO可明显提高材料的烧结致密度 ;Al2 O3 的含量越高 ,MgO的添加越有利于材料常温抗弯强度的提高 ;MgO对材料韧性的贡献小于Y2 O3 ;Y2 O3 可明显改善材料的韧性 ,但对常温抗弯强度的提高作用不大 ;对烧结致密化的作用小于MgO。Y2 O3 改善材料韧性的原因是与ZrO2 形成固溶体。     

B2O3—Y2O3添加剂对AlN陶瓷显微结构及性能的影响

研究了以Ｂ２Ｏ３－Ｙ２Ｏ３作为助烧结剂的ＡｌＮ陶瓷的烧结特性及显微结构。结果表明，晶界处存在ＹＡｌＯ３，Ｙ４Ａｌ２Ｏ３及Ｙ３Ａｌ５Ｏ１２等各种铝酸钇结晶物，Ｂ２Ｏ３可固溶到铝酸钇中形成固溶体。     

纳米Al2O3-ZrO2(3Y)复相陶瓷的微波烧结

采用纳米Ａｌ２Ｏ３粉和纳米ＺｒＯ２（３Ｙ）粉为原料,对不同成分配比的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２（３Ｙ）复相陶瓷进行了微波为烧结的研究。实验结果表明微波烧结可获得委肮的致密度,并提高断裂韧性,但晶粒长大倾身大于其它烧结方式;在Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ｚｒ２（３Ｙ）二元系中,随ＺｒＯ２（３Ｙ）含量啬,烧结时的致密化过程加速,且晶粒长大倾向减小。     

添加Al2O2对ZrO2（Y2O3）粉末性能的影响

采用化学共沉淀法制备了ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）和ＺｒＯ２（Ｙ２Ｏ３）／Ａｌ２Ｏ３超细粉末，研究了添加Ａｌ２Ｏ３对粉末性能的影响。添加Ａｌ２Ｏ３提高了ｔ－ＺｒＯ２的结晶化温度，抑制了ＺｒＯ２－ｍ－ＺｒＯ２相变。Ａｌ２Ｏ３相变。Ａｌ２Ｏ３添加量超过２０ｗｔ％时，粉末烧结活性降低，烧结温度提高。     

Y2O3—Al2O3—SiO2添加剂在低温烧结SiC中的作用

本文探讨了Ｙ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３添加剂在低温无压烧结ＳｉＣ中的作用以及在Ｙ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３添加剂中引入ＳｉＯ２的作用及机理,从而阐明了通过多项合理、有效复合添加降低ＳｉＣ烧结温度的可能性。     

Yb2O3 and Y2O3 co-doped zirconia ceramics

A suspension stabilizer-coating technique was employed to prepare x mol% Yb₂O₃ (x = 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0) and 1.0 mol% Y₂O₃ co-doped ZrO₂ powder. A systematic study was conducted on the sintering behaviour, phase assemblage, microstructural development and mechanical properties of Yb₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ co-doped zirconia ceramics. Fully dense ZrO₂ ceramics were obtained by means of pressureless sintering in air for 1 h at 1450 °C. The phase composition of the ceramics could be controlled by tuning the Yb₂O₃ content and the sintering parameters. Polycrystalline tetragonal ZrO₂ (TZP) and fully stabilised cubic ZrO₂ (FSZ) were achieved in the 1.0 mol% Y₂O₃ stabilised ceramic, co-doped with 1.0 mol% Yb₂O₃ and 4.0 mol% Yb₂O₃, respectively. The amount of stabilizer needed to form cubic ZrO₂ phase in the Yb₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ co-doped ZrO₂ ceramics was lower than that of single phase Y₂O₃-doped materials. The indentation fracture toughness could be tailored up to 8.5 MPa m^1/2 in combination with a hardness of 12 GPa by sintering a 1.0 mol% Yb₂O₃ and 1.0 mol% Y₂O₃ ceramic at 1450 °C for 1 h.     

Corrosion mechanisms of Al2O3/MgAl2O4 by V2O5, NiO, Fe2O3 and vanadium slag

The effects of V₂O₅, NiO, Fe₂O₃ and vanadium slag on the corrosion of Al₂O₃ and MgAl₂O₄ have been investigated. The specimens of Al₂O₃ and MgAl₂O₄ with the respective oxides above mentioned were heated at 10 °C/min from room temperature up to three different temperatures: 1400, 1450 and 1500 °C. The corrosion mechanisms of each system were followed by XRD and SEM analyses. The results obtained showed that Al₂O₃ was less affected by the studied oxides than MgAl₂O₄. Alumina was only attacked by NiO forming NiAl₂O₄ spinel, while the MgAl₂O₄ spinel was attacked by V₂O₅ forming MgV₂O₆. It was also observed that Fe₂O₃ and Mg, Ni, V and Fe present in the vanadium slag diffused into Al₂O₃. On the other hand, the Fe₂O₃ and Ca, S, Si, Na, Mg, V and Fe diffused into the MgAl₂O₄ structure. Finally, the results obtained were compared with those predicted by the FactSage software.     

Effect of Al2O3 on mechanical properties of Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composite

The effect of Al₂O₃ on mechanical properties of Ti₃SiC₂/Al₂O₃ composite fabricated by SPS was studied systematically. The results show that the hardness of the Ti₃SiC₂/Al₂O₃ composite can reach 10.28 GPa, 50% higher than that of pure Ti₃SiC₂. However, slight decrease in the other mechanical properties was observed with Al₂O₃ addition higher than 5–10 vol.%, which is believed to be due to the agglomeration of Al₂O₃ in the composite.     

Laser machining of Al2O3-ZrO2 (3%Y2O3) eutectic composite

In this work we present the study of the interaction between NIR pulsed laser and Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ (3%Y₂O₃) eutectic composite. The effect produced by modifying the reference position as well as the working conditions and laser beam features has been studied when the samples are processed by means of pulse bursts.The samples were obtained by the laser floating zone technique using a CO₂ laser system. The laser machining was carried out with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at its fundamental wavelength of 1064 nm with pulse-widths in the nanosecond range.Geometric dimensions, i.e. ablated depth, machined width and removed volume as well as ablation yield of the resulting holes have been studied. We have described and discussed the morphology, composition and microstructure of the processed samples.     

3YPSZ-Al2O3-Co3O4陶瓷力学性能的研究

为了提高3YPSZ陶瓷的强度和韧性,先研究了Al2O3的加入量对3YPSZ陶瓷力学性能的影响,结果表明,当Al2O3含量为25wt%时,3YPSZ陶瓷综合力学性能最佳,抗弯强度为582.4MPa,维氏硬度15.4GPa,断裂韧性为6.6MPa.m1/2。再将Al2O3的含量控制在25wt%,通过改变Co(NO3)2.6H2O添加剂的含量来研究3YPSZ-25wt%Al2O3陶瓷材料力学性能的变化,研究发现,当Co3O4的引入量为0.25wt%时,3YPSZ-25wt%Al2O3陶瓷材料综合力学性能最佳,抗弯强度为623.5MPa,维氏硬度为16.9GPa,断裂韧性为7.2MPa.m1/2。并利用XRD和SEM等表征方法分析了Co(NO3)2.6H2O添加剂对材料力学性能和显微组织结构的影响。     

Crystal structure and properties of Al2O3-Cr2O3 solid solutions with different Cr2O3 contents

To enable the comprehensive application of Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ solid solutions, the crystal structures and properties of Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃ solid solutions with different Cr₂O₃ contents were studied. It was observed that Al₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ form a complete substitutional solid solution over the entire composition range at 1650 °C, with no compounds being formed. Lattice parameters “a” and “c” both increase linearly with an increase in the Cr₂O₃ content. The doping of the Cr³⁺ ions causes a more severe lattice strain in the c-axis direction. The diffraction angles of the diffraction peaks decrease in a linear manner with the increase in the Cr₂O₃ content. The relationship between the theoretical density of the solid solution and the Cr₂O₃ content could be fitted using a second-order polynomial. It was also observed that the linear expansion coefficient of the solid solutions decreases with an increase in the Cr₂O₃ content.     

Coarse-grained refractory composites based on Nb-Al2O3 and Ta-Al2O3 castables

Coarse-grained refractory composites, with grain sizes between 20 and 5000?µm, based on Nb-Al₂O₃ and Ta-Al₂O₃ castables were produced for the first time and characterised in terms of shrinkage after sintering, splitting tensile strength, compressive strength, porosity and the measurement of the elastic properties (E, G and $\nu$). After sintering at a temperature of 1600?°C, the shrinkage of the composites was 1.5% and 0.3%. Measured values of splitting tensile strength were between 5.5 and 15?MPa and the ones of compressive strength were between 23 and 89?MPa. Values of E and G were between 117 and 45?GPa and 48–17?GPa, respectively, for samples with 11–45?vol% refractory metal. Poisson's ratio was found to be very sensitive to the bonding between the fine matrix and coarse-grained particles of the composites. Its value increased from 0.25 for good bonding to $\nu =0.43$ in case of poor bonding between the coarse metal particles and the fine ceramic matrix. DTA/TG measurement under air atmosphere showed that the metal-ceramic composites start to oxidise at temperatures above 450?°C.     

Phase stability and electric conductivity of Er2O3-Nb2O5 co-doped Bi2O3 electrolyte

Two oxides, Er₂O₃ and Nb₂O₃, are used to stabilize delta-phase Bi₂O₃ used as electrolyte of solid oxide fuel cell. Optimization of dopant ratio and total doping concentration (TDC) is determined by X-ray diffraction, and successfully reduce the TDC (Er + Nb) to 10-15 mol.%. Conductivities of different compositions are measured by two-probe method. The results show that highest conductivity appears at the minimum doping concentrations. Phase stability of ENSB samples with Er/Nb ratio of 2/1 and TDC of 10-20 mol.% at 650 °C up to 300 h is analyzed showing two newly formed (alpha- and gamma-) phases in the samples. Degradation of conductivity at 650 °C is studied in detail by DTA and TEM. The abnormity of lattice contraction of delta-phase is discussed.     

Nb2O5-supported WO3: a comparative study with WO3/Al2O3

WO₃/Nb₂O₅-supported samples prepared by impregnation are characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the W–L₃ absorption edge, as well as temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and FT-IR monitoring of pyridine adsorption. Results are compared with those obtained for WO₃/Al₂O₃ samples prepared in the same conditions, showing that niobia is able to disperse tungsta better than alumina does. Formation of a crystalline WO₃ needs larger tungsten contents on niobia than on alumina, since tungsten solution into niobia is easier than into alumina. Raman and XAS spectra recorded under ambient conditions suggest that similar WO_x species are formed on both supports at tungsten contents 0.5–1 theoretical monolayers; however, TPR results for the low tungsten loaded samples indicate that, when reduction starts (always at temperatures higher than 700 K under H₂/Ar flow) there is a larger concentration of tetrahedral [WO₄] species on alumina, than on niobia. Samples with low tungsten loading have been tested in isopropanol decomposition and ethylene oxidation, following both processes by FT-IR of adsorbed species up to 673 K. Results show that adsorption of ethylene on WO₃/Nb₂O₅ yields acetaldehyde and acetate at 473 K, while this adsorption is non-reactive either on the supports or on WO₃/Al₂O₃. Isopropanol adsorbs dissociatively on both supports, leading to acetone and propene formation on tungsta–niobia, but only propene on tungsta–alumina, probably due to the larger reducibility of the tungsten-containing phases.     

Infiltration of Al2O3/Y2O3 mix into SiC ceramic preforms

Silicon carbide ceramics are very interesting materials to engineering applications because of their properties. These ceramics are produced by liquid phase sintering (LPS), where elevated temperature and time are necessary, and generally form volatile products that promote defects and damage their mechanical properties. In this work was studied the infiltration process to produce SiC ceramics, using shorter time and temperature than LPS, thereby reducing the undesirable chemical reactions. SiC powder was pressed at 300 MPa and pre-sintered at 1550 °C for 30 min. Unidirectional and spontaneous infiltration of this preform by Al₂O₃/Y₂O₃ liquid was done at 1850 °C for 5, 10, 30 and 60 min. The kinetics of infiltration was studied, and the infiltration equilibrium happened when the liquid infiltrated 12 mm into perform. The microstructures show grains of the SiC surrounded by infiltrated additives. The hardness and fracture toughness are similar to conventional SiC ceramics obtained by LPS.