Chaotic frequency hopping sequences

This letter describes a novel family of frequency hopping sequences generated by chaotic systems. The sequences give a uniform spread over the entire frequency bandwidth. In addition to having good Hamming correlation properties, they possess ideal linear span. The sequences produce almost as good performance as random hopping patterns when used in frequency hopping code-division multiple-access (FH/CDMA) systems. Many numerical examples based on a digital chaos generator are presented     

Maximal length sequences for frequency hopping

Normally, frequency hopping sequences for spread-spectrum communication systems are obtained by selecting groups of elements of binary m sequences. An alternative to using groups of binary m-sequence elements is developed. It involves obtaining nonbinary m sequences with the number of desired hopping frequencies equal to the number of symbols in the finite field which the nonbinary m sequence is over. The grouping of elements of binary m sequences does not necessarily have the m sequences. In addition, the autocorrelation function of the nonbinary m sequence has a maximal period, whereas the frequency hopping sequences obtained from the grouping of elements of binary m sequences may not have a maximal period     

慢跳频的伪随机序列

本文基于ＧＦ（２）域上的增广质数序列,提出了一类ＧＦ（Ｐ＾Ｋ）域上的增广质数跳频序列,对其差的游程特性进行了改进,并根据慢跳频系统的要求进行了宽间隔处理。计算机模拟分析表明：宽间隔增广质数跳频序列具有良好的汉明相关特性,是一类优良的跳频序列,适合于慢跳频系统。     

Maximum based detection of slow frequency hopping signals

This letter studies a maximum based channelized intercept receiver. A comparison is made with the traditional logical OR based channelized intercept receiver. Theoretical and simulated results are presented using some parameters of a typical slow frequency-hopping combat radio (SINCGARS). Numerical results show that assuming the receiver bandwidth is not limited the maximum based receiver performs better than the traditional logical OR based receiver does.     

蓝牙自适应跳频序列的性能分析

蓝牙自适应跳频序列性能优越,有着广泛的应用前景.通过仿真计算,分析了蓝牙自适应跳频序列的频率均匀性、汉明相关特性、跳频间隔分布特性、序列的线性复杂度、组网特性和系统容量.     

跳频序列设计理论的研究进展

跳频技术具有抗干扰和多址组网性能，在军事无线电通信、民用移动通信、现代雷达和声纳等电子系统中具有重要的应用。跳频序列用于控制载波频率随机时间的变化规律，其性能对跳频系统的性能有重大影响。本文综述跳频序列设计理论的研究成果，并指出今后的发展方向。     

Optimal frequency hopping sequences: a combinatorial approach

Frequency hopping multiple access (FHMA) spread-spectrum communication systems employing multiple frequency-shift keying (MFSK) as data modulation technique are investigated from a combinatorial approach. A correspondence between optimal frequency hopping (FH) sequences and partition-type difference packings is first established. By virtue of this correspondence, FHMA systems with a single optimal FH sequence each are constructed from various combinatorial structures such as affine geometries, cyclic designs, and difference families. Combinatorial recursive constructions are also presented. Many new infinite series of optimal FH sequences are thus obtained. These new FH sequences are also useful in ultra wideband (UWB) communication systems.     

仿蓝牙序列的一类新的跳频序列

由于蓝牙跳频序列性能优越,因此在军事通信抗干扰系统中有广阔的应用前景。通过改造蓝牙序列的 生成算法,得到了一类新的跳频序列。新序列除具有蓝牙序列的一般特性外,与蓝牙序列相比,其周期更长、密钥 量更大、汉明互相关性能更好。同时给出了在应用中应注意的一些问题。     

Reliable adaptive modulation and interference mitigation for mobile radio slow frequency hopping channels

The long range fading prediction algorithm for Slow Frequency Hopping (SFH) systems is proposed and demonstrated to enable combined adaptive modulation and adaptive frequency diversity to mitigate the effects of fading and partial-band interference. Significant performance gains are demonstrated relative to non-adaptive methods in realistic mobile radio SFH channels where the total bandwidth does not exceed approximately 15 times the coherence bandwidth.     

短波慢跳频系统误码率分析

本文分析了在慢跳频系统中由于多径效应引起的误码率,并推导了经过自适应均衡后的误码率。模拟分析结果表明：基于平方根卡尔曼算法的判决反馈均衡器的引入大大降低了误码率。     

High level trellis-coded modulation with slow frequency hopping forland mobile communications

The use of high level modulation systems such as trellis-coded 8-PSK and trellis-coded 16-QAM, with slow frequency hopping, pilot symbol aided and small-sized interleaving techniques is proposed for land mobile communications. The bit error rate (BER) performance of those systems in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), cochannel interference (CCI), and slow Rayleigh fading are evaluated by computer simulation. Space diversity is applied to enhance the system performance. The authors show that by choosing optimum interleaving size and number of frequency hopped (FH) channels, the proposed systems give considerable performance improvement and much less delay, especially in a slow fading environment     

Hit probability between frequency hopping sequences generated byReed-Solomon and Hermitian codes

Frequency hopping systems produced by either Reed-Solomon (RS) or Hermitian codes (AG) are compared. The results show that AG codes perform better than RS codes if the ratio of the number of hits by length of sequences is considered     

Indoor radio communications using time-division multiple accesswith cyclical slow frequency hopping and coding

The authors describe and analyze a flexible, robust, multichannel time-division-multiple-access (TDMA) radio communications system that is ideally suited for portable as well as mobile indoor use. It uses noncoherent signaling and incorporates slow cyclical frequency hopping and burst-error-correcting coding to provide low-error communications at aggregate rates of several megabits per second without the need for antenna diversity or adaptive equalization. The system can be implemented in a small building using a centralized architecture or in a large building using a distributed antenna system. The TDMA protocol allows the various users the flexibility of choosing their own desired rates of data communications. Moreover, the capability of using different levels of coding gives the users the option of selecting their own error performance. The ability to combat interference is one of the salient features of this system     

Hybrid slow frequency hopping/ direct sequence spread spectrum indoor communication systems with QPSK modulation

This paper analyses the performance of a spread-spectrum multiple access system based on hybrid direct sequence/slow frequency hopping techniques with QPSK modulation. The performance is analyzed considering multipath and multiple access interferences and an indoor channel having Rician distributed path gains. The system performance is investigated for 2 diversity techniques and compared, for given delay spread, bandwidth and bit rate, with the performance provided by bpsk modulation. It is shown that the larger symbol duration of QPSK is favorable to combat the effect of multipath propagation.     

差分跳频技术

差分跳频技术是近年出现的一种新型扩频通信技术,它集跳频图案、信息调制与解调等功能于一体,构成与传统跳频技术完全不同的技术体制。对近年出现的扩频通信新技术-差分跳频技术进行全面介绍。在对差分跳频关键技术进行详细分析的基础上,着重说明其优点及尚需解决的问题。     

Analysis of the fast acquisition method in frequency hopping systems

Versions of implementing initial synchronization in systems with pseudorandom operating frequency tuning are studied. These versions are based on applying a recurrent acquisition with an autoregressive spectral estimation. Known algorithms are analyzed, and versions of their modification are proposed. Simulation models of considered solutions are constructed, and quantitative data that characterize their noise immunity are obtained.     

Advanced frequency hopping modulation for spread spectrum WLAN

A wireless LAN standard developed by IEEE committee P802.11 operates in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM band. This band is a very hostile environment due to many unpredictable interference sources, such as microwave ovens, utilizing the same frequency bands. At the same time the allowed signal power density that can be used is limited in order to minimize the interference to other users in the same band. In order to avoid these interference and keep a low signal power density the standard supports both direct sequence (DS) and frequency hopping (FH) modulation for these applications. The new test beds for multimedia wireless (WLANs) also use FH modulation. We analyze the performance of a modification of the FH multiple frequency shift keying (MFSK) system that includes a multitone multiamplitude MFSK signal, designated as amMFSK modulation. In this case, in order to meet the transmitted power density limits imposed in the ISM band, the signal energy is split into m separate tones. This makes the system more vulnerable to noise and fading, but still the overall flow of useful information will be increased. The results demonstrate that under the large range of the signal, channel and interference parameters this system offers better performance     

Polyphase channelizers for fully digital frequency hopping systems

In this paper we present a fully digital architecture for performing frequency hopping modulation and demodulation. The proposed modulator is composed of a cascade of two polyphase up converter channelizers. The first one performs the digital M-ary frequency shift keying (M-FSK) modulation of the baseband signals while the second one accomplishes the task of hopping the M-FSK modulated spectra under the control of a pseudorandom sequence generator. On the receiver side, two dual down converter channelizers undo the frequency shifts performed by the digital channelizers in the transmitter. Synchronization is a key aspect in frequency hopping systems. Transmitter and receiver must both know the hopping pattern and they must be finely synchronized in order to capture the desired information. In this paper we provide a fully digital synchronization architecture that, embedded in the proposed channelizer-based receiver, performs signal acquisition and tracking.     

Fast frequency hopping OFDM concept

A system concept, combining orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with fast frequency hopping (FFH), termed FFH/OFDM concept, is illustrated. Data symbols in the frequency domain are mapped to time domain samples by a unitary transformation based on a shuffled version of the well-known inverse discrete Fourier transform. The FFH/OFDM concept shows a promising performance.