等离子体法制备碳化硅超细粉末研究

本文采用直流电弧等离子体法合成β－SiC超细粉末．产品纯度大于97％，平均粒径范围0．05～0．5μm，产率1km／h．此外，对其工业开发前景作了展望．     

等离子法制备氮化铝粉末原料的研究

以金属铝粉和氮气为原料通过直流电弧等离子法制备氮化铝粉末, 经羧酸与盐酸混酸在常温超声条件化学纯化后, X衍射分析表明制备出纯度高的氮化铝粉末;样品SEM照片显示处理后AlN粉末粒度为2～5 μm存有少量氮化铝晶须.     

氮化铝纳米末的氧化特性研究

采用直流电弧等离子体蒸发－凝聚法制备了高纯氮化铝纳米粉末，粉末的平均晶粒度为５０ｎｍ，纯度大于９８％。借助Ｘ射线光电子能谱、化学分析和差热失重等测试手段，探索了ＡＩＮ纳米粉末的表面化学组成和氧化特性，研究结果表明，ＡＩＮ纳米粉末易吸湿氧化，大大降低了其纯度。ＡＩＮ纳米粉末表面的氧是以两种状态即物理吸附态和化合态存在。     

氮化铝纳米粉末的氧化特性研究

采用直流电弧等离子体蒸发－凝聚法制备了高纯氮化铝（ＡＩＮ）纳米粉末。粉末的平均晶粒度为５０ｎｍ，纯度大于９８％。借助Ｘ射线光电子能谱、化学分析和差热失重等测试手段，探索了ＡＩＮ纳米粉末的表面化学组成和氧化特性。研究结果表明，ＡＩＮ纳米粉末易吸湿氧化，大大降低了其纯度。ＡＩＮ纳米粉末表面的氧是以两种状态即物理吸附态和化合态存在。     

碳热还原法合成氮化铝陶瓷粉末的研究

本文以Al2O3和活性碳为原料，采用碳热还原法制备了氮化铝陶瓷粉末。通过对原料的DSC－TG及制备物XRD、SEM、EDAX的分析，表明该方法在较低的温度下即能制备出晶形发育完善、粒度均匀、纯度高的氮化铝陶瓷粉末，并对其反应机理进行了初步探讨。     

直流电弧等离子体制备TiN纳米粉末的研究

采用直流电弧等离子体蒸发－冷凝法制备出了粒径可控的高纯所化钛纳米粉末。探讨了等离子体条件下氮经反应过程和影响ＴｉＮ粉末粒度的关键工艺参数。研究表明，高温氮等离子体条件下存在着大量的高活性基团，它们参与也氮化反应，提高了氮化反应活性。     

超细高纯氧化铋的制备研究

采用烧碱中和－氨分散沉淀－灼烧法制备了超细高纯氧化铋粉末,其纯度和粒度分别为99．9％和0．20μm,对影响纯度及粒度分布的关键分一分散剂进行了研究,结果表明,合成的Disp2高分子分散剂明显优于常规分散剂丙三醇,具有用量低（2‰-4‰）,产品纯度高及粒径分布窄之特点,表征试验说明,本法制备的氧化铋性能指标优异,可应用性好。     

低温等离子体技术成功治理异昧气体

山东派力迪环保工程有限公司与复旦大学共同研发的低温等离子体技术成功用于中石化齐鲁分公司腈纶厂异味气体处理工程。采用该技术处理后的恶臭气体二甲胺浓度小于0．88mg／m^3、N，N-二甲基甲酰胺小于6mg／m^3，均优于国家职业卫生标准，而耗电量仅为0．003kW·h／m^3。     

纳米二氧化锡粉体常压共沸蒸馏制备及表征

以四氯化锡为原料，以氨水为沉淀剂，采用溶胶-凝胶法在四氯化锡溶液浓度为0．2mol／L，终点pH=2．5，反应温度65℃，常压共沸蒸馏脱水后，500℃焙烧3h制备纳米二氧化锡粉体。用BET，FT—IR，TG—DSC。XRD和TEM等进行表征，表明所得的二氧化锡粉末比表面积为42．59m^2／g，最小平均粒径可至7．2nm，且无团聚存在。工艺原料价廉易得，工艺过程相对容易控制，设备简单，制得产品粒径小、均匀，环境污染小。     

高耐磨炭黑填充型粉末NR研究(I) 粉末化条件与粒径分布

以天然橡胶(NR)胶乳为原料，高耐磨炭黑(N330)为填充补强剂，高分子合成树脂为包覆剂，以凝聚共沉法制备高耐磨炭黑填充型粉末天然橡胶[P(NR／N330)]；研究了粉末化条件对产物粒径分布的影响因素，结果发现，由NR胶乳、改性炭黑和玻璃化温度(0g)为35～128℃的包覆剂构成的粉末化体系在85℃处理1h可形成无接触污染性的、粒径小于0．9mm的P(NR／N330)。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。