环十二酮肟在硫酸中热效应

使用ＲＤ－１型热导式自动量热计测量了不同温度下环十二酮肟在９８％硫酸中热效应。结果表明：当Ｔ＜３３３Ｋ时，仅产生溶解热效应，３０３Ｋ下溶解热△Ｈ＿（ｓ，ｍ）＝－５１．７ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）（ｍ＝４．２８５ｍｏｌ·ｋｇ￣（－１））；当Ｔ＞３４３Ｋ时发生环十二酮肟重排反应，３９３Ｋ下反应热△Ｈ＿（Ｒ，ｍ）＝－２３１．８ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）（ｍ＝４．９６×１０￣（－３）ｍｏｌ·ｋｇ￣（－１））和△Ｈ＿（Ｒ，ｍ）＝－２３７．０ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）（ｍ＝１．７×１０￣（－２）ｍｏｌ·ｋｇ￣（－１））。     

对二甲氨基苯甲醛的热容及热力学性质

用小样品量自动绝热量热装置，测定了对二甲氨基苯甲醛在８０－３６０Ｋ温区的热容，获得其固－液熔化相变的热力学参数：熔点为３４６．１５４Ｋ，熔化焓为１９．０７ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１，熔化熵为５５．０８Ｊ·ｍｏｌ－１·Ｋ－１。对试样的化学纯度进行了量热法研究，确定样品的纯度为９９．７３６％     

醋酸铜与邻氨基苯甲酸固相配位反应的热化学研究

用新型的具有恒定温度环境的反应热量计,以一定比例的盐酸水溶液与乙醇混合溶液作为量热溶剂,分别测定了反应物和产物的溶解焓,设计了一个新的化学循环,得到固相配位的反应焓ΔｒＨθｍ＝２３．９５５ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１。计算出配合物Ｃｕ（ＯＡＢ）２的标准生成焓ΔｆＨθｍ＝－７１２．３９３ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１。     

7─（4─磺苯基偶氮）─8─羟基喹啉用作钴的新光度试剂及其用于VB_（12）的间接分光光度测定

合成了题述试剂ＳＰＡＨＱ，可用其作钴显色剂。生成的红棕色１：４（Ｃｏ：ＳＰＡＨＱ）螯合物λｍａｘ＝４８０ｎｍ，ε４８０＝８．１×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，Δλ＝９０ｎｍ。０～１．２μｇ／ｍＬＣｏ２＋遵守比尔定律。１～１０ｍｇ的７种离子和０．０３５～０．９４ｍｇ的１８种离子不干扰。用于间接分光光度测定ＶＢ１２，结果与亚硝基Ｒ盐法一致。本法既灵敏、选择性也好。     

1,3—二氯丙烯水解反应动力学

本文研究了顺及反－１,３－氯丙烯混合物水解反应过程的动力学。结果表明,利用１０％ａＯＨ水溶液,在６５￣８０℃的条件下,顺及反－１,３－二氯丙烯的水解反应均为二级反应,顺、反异构体的表观活化能分别为８７．５１ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ＾－１和１１３．６０ＫＪ·ｍｏｌ＾－１,反应速率常数Ｋ顺＝２．６２×１０＾１０ｅｘｐ（－１０５２５．６／Ｔ）,ｋ反＝１．０９×１０＾１４ｅｘｐ（－１３６６３．１／Ｔ）。     

新荧光试剂5－（4＇－硝基－2＇－羧基苯基偶氮）－2－硫代－4－噻唑啉酮的合成及其应用研究

报道了５－（４＇－硝基－２＇－羧基苯基偶氮）－２－硫代－４－噻唑啉酮（４ＮＲＡＣＰ）的合成。经柱层析提纯，用元素分析、ＩＲ、１ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ确证了其结构，研究了荧光性质，发现该试剂在溴代十六烷吡啶存在下，在无水乙醇溶液中与Ｅｕ（Ⅲ）形成稳定的荧光螯合物，λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝２９０ｎｍ／３４０ｎｍ，其线性范围为１．０×１０－８～１．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，检测限为１．５×１０－１０ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。测定了人工合成样品中的铕，结果满意。     

配位化合物Cu(p-tol)2Cl2标准生成焓的测定

使用具有恒定温度环境的反应热量计,以溶解热法及针对配位反应所设计的热化学循环,得到该反应的标准反应焓△ｒＨθｍ（２９８．１５Ｋ）＝－２７．９２４ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１,并求得配合物Ｃｕ（ｐ－ｔｏｌ）２Ｃｌ２的标准生成焓,其值推荐为△ｆＨθｍ［Ｃｕ（ｐ－ｔｏｌ）２Ｃｌ２,ｓ］＝－３４３．３７４ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１。     

乙酸异戊酯杂多酸催化合成及其动力学研究

研究了以钨硅酸为催化剂,苯为带水剂乙酸和异戊醇直接酯化合成乙酸异戊酯的优化反应条件,该杂多酸催化反应的速率方程为－ｄＣＡ／ｄｔ＝ｋＡｃＡｃＢ,反应表现活化能Ｅａ＝１４２．５７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ,反应速率常数ｋＡ（Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｍｉｎ＾－１）＝７．７５×１０＾１７ｅｘｐ（－１７１４８．２／Ｔ）。     

固定化细胞生产L－苹果酸新工艺及动力学研究

对产氨短杆菌ＭＡ－２固定化细胞在富马酸铵体系中转化生成Ｌ－苹果酸的优化工艺条件做了探讨，结果表明，富马酸铵浓度为１．８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ７．０～８．０，反应温度为３７℃时，Ｌ－苹果酸得率达２００ｇ／Ｌ左右。同时，对固定化细胞的动力学进行了研究，结果为：ｒ（ｍａｘ）＝５８ｍｍｏｌ／（Ｌ·ｈ·ｇ固定化湿细胞）），Ｋｍ＝６．２５×１Ｏ￣（－２）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｐ＿ｍ＝１．５６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ     

高聚物离子导电体的研究

本文合成了一种新型网状结构聚合物电解质－聚磷酸多缩乙二醇酯高氯酸锂复合物，该复合体系在Ｔ＝２９８Ｋ时电导率达１．５×１０－５Ｓ·Ｃｍ－１，讨论了聚合物结构与电导率的关系     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。