化学共沉淀法制取NiFe2O4

探讨了用化学共沉淀法制备NiFe2O4陶瓷材料的工艺过程，研究了影响材料性质的各种因素，并对材料的结构成分进行了X射线衍射、差热和热重分析。结果表明：采用氢氧化钠调节混合液的pH值、在1300℃锻烧4h的工艺，可以制备出合格的NiFe2O4陶瓷粉末。     

化学共沉淀法制备BaAl_2Si_2O_8:Eu~(2+)荧光粉及其发光特性

采用化学共沉淀法一次煅烧工艺制备BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+荧光粉。用X射线衍射仪、荧光分光光度计和扫描电镜等对BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+荧光粉的相结构、发光性能、形貌进行表征。结果表明,化学共沉淀法合成了单相的BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+,且粒度小,分布均匀,呈类球形。在320nm激发下,其发射主峰位于465nm附近,当Eu2+的掺杂浓度为3.5%,发光强度达到最大值,猝灭浓度有所提高,这主要是由于纳米微粒边界对能量共振传递的阻断和猝灭中心在纳米晶内分布的涨落性引起的。     

化学共沉淀法制备Ca_2Co_2O_5粉体

以硝酸钴和硝酸钙为原料,氢氧化钠为沉淀剂,利用化学共沉淀法制备Ca_2Co_2O_5粉体.采用TG-DSC、XRD、SEM和激光粒度分析仪(LPSA)等测试方法对粉体热分解过程,样品的物相、形貌和粒度分布进行表征.结果表明:在pH=13.2时制备的共沉淀粉,在750 ℃煅烧2 h后可获得单相层状的Ca_2Co_2O_5粉体,颗粒尺寸分布均匀,粒度在几百个纳米范围内.     

Electrical resistivity of NiFe_2O_4 ceramic and NiFe_2O_4 based cermets

NiFe2O4 ceramic and NiFe2O4 based cermets, expected to be used as the inert anodes in aluminum electrolysis, were prepared and their electrical resistivities were measured at different temperatures. The effects of temperature and composition on their electrical resistivities were investigated. The results indicate that the electrical resistivities of NiFe2O4 based cermets mainly depend on temperature, resistivity of ceramic matrix, composition and dispersion of the metal phase among ceramic matrix. The electrical resistivity of NiFe2O4 ceramic decreases from 10. 094 Ω · cm to 0. 475 Ω · em with increasing temperature from 573 K to 1 233 K. The electrical resistivities of NiFe2O4 based cermets are greatly lowered, but decrease with increasing the temperature with similar trend compared to that of NiFe2O4 ceramic. The resistivities of NiFe2O4 based cermets containing 5 % Ni, 5 % Cu and 5 % CuNi alloy are 0. 046 8, 0.066 8 and 0. 0532 Ω · cm at 1 233 K, respectively, which are all acceptable as inert anode materials compared to that of the current carbon anode used for aluminum electrolysis.     

共沉淀法原位合成无压烧结TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料

以TiCl4溶液和B4C粉末为主要原料，采用共沉淀、原位合成无压烧结技术制备了TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料。研究了原料配比、烧结温度对TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料的烧结性能、显微组织和力学性能的影响。通过X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜等分析手段，分析了TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料的物相组成、显微组织和断裂特征。研究结果表明：当成分质量配比TiB2：B4C为40：60时，材料最大相对密度为98．5％T．D；在最佳成分配比下，随着烧结温度的升高，原位合成制备的TiB2／B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度均为先升高后降低，材料的最佳烧结工艺为2050℃，1h。在最佳烧结工艺下，TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最佳值分别为3．17g／cm^3，31．5GPa，381MPa和5．1MPa．m^1/2.     

共沉淀法制备ZrO2-Al2TiO5复合材料烧结性能研究

以平均粒径为5μm的二氧化锆微细粉为被覆体,分散在Al3+浓度0.02 mol·L-1可溶铝盐及Ti3+浓度0.01 mol·L-1的钛盐溶液中,以浓度为0.2 mol·L-1的氨水为沉淀剂,pH控制为5.3,获得Al2O3和TiO2纳米颗粒被覆ZrO2的悬浮体.将悬浮体脱水、干燥,经1350℃,1400℃,1450℃,1500℃烧结获得ZrO2-Al2TiO5复相陶瓷材料.结果表明:组成为95%ZrO2并经1500℃烧结的试样,其气孔率1.08%、体积密度4.57 g/cm3、抗折强度71.2 MPa.     

共沉淀法原位合成无压烧结TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料

以TiCl4溶液和B4C粉末为主要原料,采用共沉淀、原位合成无压烧结技术制备了TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料.研究了原料配比、烧结温度对TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的烧结性能、显微组织和力学性能的影响.通过X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜等分析手段,分析了TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的物相组成、显微组织和断裂特征.研究结果表明:当成分质量配比TiB2∶B4C为40∶60时,材料最大相对密度为98.5%T.D;在最佳成分配比下,随着烧结温度的升高,原位合成制备的TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度均为先升高后降低,材料的最佳烧结工艺为2050℃,1 h.在最佳烧结工艺下,TiB2/B4C陶瓷复合材料的密度、硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性达到最佳值分别为3.17 g/cm3,31.5GPa,381 MPa和5.1 MPa·m1/2.     

化学共沉淀法低温合成La0.5Sr0.5CoO3多晶

分别以草酸铵和碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂,用化学共沉淀法制备了La0.5Sr0.5CoO3（LSCO）样品。用XRD分析了物相、结构与晶粒大小,用电阻-温度系统绘制了电阻-温度曲线。结果表明,1150℃烧结,用草酸铵和碳酸氢铵法制备的La0.5Sr0.5CoO3均为单一立方钙钛矿多晶。晶体参数分别为0.384、0.383nm。晶粒垂直于（110）面的尺寸分别为37nm与32.8nm。草酸铵作沉淀剂的烧结温度比碳酸氢铵的低,比固相烧结反应法的低至少150℃。La0.5Sr0.5CoO3均为半导体,有良好的电阻-温度关系,190-280时两种沉淀剂法制备的LSCO的平均激活能分别是30、150eV。     

化学共沉淀法制备NiCuZn铁氧体及其性能研究

利用化学共沉淀法制备了NiCuZn铁氧体微粉,研究了反应温度、搅拌速率和盐溶液流速对前驱体粒径的影响。通过XRD、TEM、激光粒度仪（LPS）、精密阻抗分析仪、振动样品磁强计(VSM)等手段对最优条件下得到的样品进行表征。结果表明：当反应温度为70 ℃,盐溶液的流速为0.5 mL/min,搅拌速率为300 r/min时得到尖晶石相的粉体,粒度约为30 nm。将微粉体在500 ℃预烧,在900 ℃烧结后得到样品的相对密度为98%,起始磁导率μi约为200,品质因数Q约为150。截止频率约为70 MHZ     

XD合成Al_2O_3,TiB_2/Al复合材料的热力学分析

从热力学的角度讨论了原位反应生成Al2 O3 和TiB2 陶瓷粒子增强铝基复合材料的合成机理。结果表明 ,在Al TiO2 B体系中 ,以一定的加热速率加热至 10 73K左右时 ,Al与TiO2 之间首先发生铝热反应 ,反应产生出活性钛原子并形成Al Ti B反应系 ;AlB2 和Al3 Ti均系反应中间产物 ,AlB2 在 12 0 0K左右时分解为Al和B ,Al3 Ti被B还原 ,当B的加入量 (摩尔 )是TiO2 的两倍左右时 ,Al3 Ti基本消失 ,最终生成Al2 O3 和TiB2 陶瓷颗粒增强的铝基复合材料。     

SHS制备Ni铁氧体的烧结制度

为了确定自蔓延高温合成(SHS)NiFe_2O_4的最佳烧结制度,通过SHS技术制备获得NiFe_2O_4粉末,加入不同含量的添加剂Bi_2O_3,在不同烧结温度和保温时间下进行烧结.采用XRD、VSM 等分析手段,研究了烧结制度与NiFe_2O_4烧结样品的物相、密度及磁性能的关系.实验确定最佳的烧结工艺:烧结温度1200 ℃,保温时间3 h,添加烧结助剂Bi_2O_3的含量为5%(质量分数,下同).在最佳烧结制度下,获得的NiFe_2O_4固相反应充分,具有单一的尖晶石相,烧结样品具有较高的密度和良好的磁性能.     

Electrochemical performance of Ti4+-doped LiFePO4 synthesized by co-precipitation and post-sintering method

Ti4+-mixed FePO4·xH2O precursor was prepared by co-precipitation method,with which Ti4+ cations were added in the process of preparing FePO4·xH2O to pursue an effective and homogenous doping way.Ti4+-doped LiFePO4 was prepared by an ambient-reduction and post-sintering method using the as-prepared precursor,Li2CO3 and oxalic acid as raw materials.The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray diffractometry (XRD),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS),and electrochemical charge/discharge test.Effects of Ti4+-doping and sintering temperature on the physical and electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 powders were investigated.It is noted that Ti4+-doping can improve the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 remarkably.The Ti4+-doped sample sintered at 600 ℃ delivers an initial discharge capacity of 150,130 and 125 mA·h/g with 0.1C,1C and 2C rates,respectively,without fading after 40 cycles.     

Preparation and characterization of PEG-PEI/Fe3O4 nano-magnetic fluid by co-precipitation method

PEG-PEI/Fe3O4 nano-magnetic fluids with different mass fractions of reactant were prepared by co-precipitation method. Besides particle size analyzer, the methods of XRD, IR, VSM and AFM were adopted to characterize the synthesized samples. Covalent bonding of PEG, PEI and Fe3O4 exhibits superparamagnetism. The TEM photograph shows that the particles are of stable dispersion and little aggregation, with smooth surface, spherical shape and a diameter of about 80 nm, which meets the requirements of nano-materials. When the mass fraction of PEI in reactant is 25%, the particle size, Zeta-potential and pEGFP-CI DNA loading efficiency are all satisfactory. In this case, PEG-PEI/Fe3O4 nano-magnetic fluids can be used as gene vectors or targeted drug carriers.     

Yb_2O_3掺杂对15(20Ni-Cu)/(NiFe_2O_4-10NiO)金属陶瓷性能的影响

采用冷压-烧结技术制备NiFe2O4-10NiO基金属陶瓷材料;通过对烧结体的显微结构和物相组成、电导率、电解试样的表层形貌、电解质和阴极铝的杂质增量等的分析检测,研究Yb2O3掺杂对15(20Ni-Cu)/NiFe2O4-10NiO金属陶瓷致密度、导电率和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:1 300℃烧结的0.5%Yb2O3-15(20Ni-Cu)/(NiFe2O4-10NiO)金属陶瓷具有较好的性能,相对密度为98.53%,960℃时的电导率为53.06 S/cm,电解腐蚀后金属腐蚀层厚度为20~30μm,总杂质增量为0.079 g。     

CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics from basic co-precipitation (BCP) method: Fabrication and properties

High dielectric CaCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (CCTO) ceramics have been successfully prepared by a novel basic co-precipitation (BCP) method. Compared with the conventional solid-state and/or soft chemistry methods, the BCP method has many advantages such as relatively lower sintering temperature, shorter sintering time and lower costs. The XRD patterns confirm the formation of CCTO crystal phase in the as-prepared samples. Influences of initial ingredients and sintering condition on phase composition, microstructure and dielectric property have been investigated through series of trials. The correlation between the process of the grain growth and dielectric properties of final products has been explored. The final products exhibit the dielectric constants higher than 10,000 and the dielectric losses lower than 0.15 at 1 KHz.     

透明陶瓷镁铝尖晶石MgAl_2O_4耐酸碱性能的初步研究

对透明陶瓷MgAl2O4在不同浓度和不同温度条件下的耐酸碱性能进行了初步研究.结果表明,在常温和75℃条件下,透明陶瓷MgAl2O4对不同浓度的盐酸溶液、磷酸溶液和氢氧化钠溶液具有较好的耐酸、耐碱性;在温度高于300℃时,对浓H3PO4具有较弱的耐酸性,对熔融的NaOH有一定的耐碱性.     

模板浸渍法制备Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-Y_2O_3复合陶瓷纤维及其烧结工艺

以蚕丝为模板,Al、Zr、Y的硝酸盐乙醇溶液为浸渍液,采用模板浸渍法制备了Al2O3-ZrO2-Y2O3,复合陶瓷纤维.采用FE-SEM,XRD,TG-DTG和DTA对复合陶瓷纤维的制备及烧结工艺进行了分析研究,实验结果表明所得陶瓷纤维保留了原蚕丝模板纤维的形貌,随着烧结温度的提高,蚕丝基体逐渐热解,纤维直径逐渐变小,在1200℃烧结后的主要相组成为:-Al2O3、θ-Al2O3、Y2O3稳定t-ZrO2和m-ZrO2.