The use of dreams in brief therapy.

Suggests a general clinical framework for listening to dreams and interacting with the patient's dreams in brief therapy. Dreams may aid in assessing the quality of object relations and transference, facilitating expression of repressed affect, setting a therapeutic focus, placing dream material in reality, determining resistances, locating meaning, and implementing insight. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The use of dreams in family therapy.

Focuses on the clinical use of dream material in the context of family therapy. It is shown that significant others in the family system share and dynamically participate in the dreamscapes of each other at various levels. A process as opposed to a content orientation is stressed in the understanding of this material. Several methods of working with family members are presented that employ the holographic model of consciousness as a working paradigm. (20 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The changing psychoanalytic organization and its influence on the ego ideal of psychoanalysis.

Freud's effort to protect his work and simultaneously make it available as a scientific contribution led to an organizational structure for psychoanalysis whose rigidity impaired its science. Psychoanalytic institutes may be reinvigorated by recreating the ethos of Freud's original group. The author suggests that parallel academies be created, the nuclei of which might be authorities who already hold academic appointments. Gathering around them a range of graduate students from various disciplines, they could provide the basis for interchange among the students and among themselves, and could open opportunities for other colleagues to develop their own similar specialized interests. Creating such a broad psychoanalytic community would also potentially enlarge the pool of candidates for psychoanalytic training as those graduate students sought greater psychoanalytic proficiency. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Introduction to symposium on psychoanalytic research of substance use disorders.

The subject of substance use disorders has been of interest to the field of psychoanalysis since its inception, and theoretical discussions and clinical case reports continue to regularly appear in the psychoanalytic literature. In addition, there is an ongoing upsurge in systematic research to test psychoanalytic theories and treatments, some of which addresses the topic of substance use disorders. The purpose of this symposium is to present original systematic research that has tested psychoanalytic theories and treatments for substance use disorders. It is hoped that these studies will provide models for investigating substance use disorders from a psychoanalytic perspective and will serve as a catalyst for further research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The changing use of esophageal manometry in clinical practice

OBJECTIVE: Clinical practice guidelines now advise against the use of esophageal manometry in the early evaluation of unexplained chest pain. We examined data from patients referred for manometric evaluation over a 10-yr period (1987-1996) to see if clinicians were changing practice patterns and whether manometric diagnoses were affected by the changes. METHODS: Principal indications for the procedure and manometric findings were extracted from a review of 1162 subjects referred to a single clinical laboratory. The tracings were analyzed using a standardized classification method and categorized according to a pathophysiology-based scheme. Referral indications and manometric diagnoses were compared for the first and second 5-yr periods of study. RESULTS: Chest pain as a referral indication declined from the first to the second half of the study period (odds ratio, 0.44; p < 0.0001), whereas dysphagia and preoperative evaluations became more common (odds ratio, 1.3; p < 0.05; odds ratio, 13.7; p < 0.0001, respectively). Similarly, hypermotility disorders decreased in frequency (odds ratio, 0.63; p = 0.0001), whereas hypomotility disorders increased (odds ratio, 1.6; p < 0.01). The decrease in hypermotility disorders was solely related to a decrease in nonspecific spastic disorders, including nutcracker esophagus (odds ratio, 0.58; p < 0.0001); the proportion of diagnoses of achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasm remained stable. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that practice patterns are already following current guidelines. They also reflect the disillusionment of clinicians with the poor specificity of manometry in chest pain management, the increasing popularity of antireflux surgery, yet the ongoing observation that nonspecific spastic disorders are closely associated with unexplained chest pain and may have a still-undefined pathogenetic role.     

The use of psychoanalytic constructs in the service of empire: Comment on Baruch (2003).

Comments on an article by Baruch on psychoanalysis and terrorism (see record 2003-09630-009). The author believes that there is an extra-analytic space for articulating that which is beyond analysts' work with patients and for informing their understanding of history, culture, politics, gender, power, and other phenomena. The rules that govern psychoanalysts' "analysis" of these extra-analytic phenomena are, however, different from those that govern their work with patients. The complexities and vicissitudes of psychoanalytic discourse within analysts' clinical frame (their standard clinical practice) are different for phenomena on the "outside." In addition, clinical psychoanalytic discourse cannot stand outside the powerful narratives of power, gender, race, class, and empire. A psychoanalytic perspective is important in addressing extra-analytic issues only after analysts understand their relationship to power, gender, race, class, and empire. Just as analysts check themselves with supervision and careful countertransference reflection, they must also check themselves when they engage in extra-analytic work. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effects of hypnotically induced dreams on creative problem solving.

A wealth of anecdotal evidence supports the age-old notion that the nocturnal dream is a source for creative inspiration. Unfortunately, scientific research on so-called creative dreaming has not been forthcoming. Using hypnosis in an effort to bring the phenomenon under experimental control, the present investigation induced dreams in 24 undergraduates representing a number of occupational and educational backgrounds. Each S was at an impasse in the course of working on an academic, vocational, avocational, or personal problem or project at the time of participation in the experiment. As hypothesized, when compared with a rational-cognitive treatment group that emphasized a linguistic and logical approach to creative problem solving, a significantly greater number of Ss who were administered the hypnotic dream treatment were able to overcome their creative blocks within 1 wk of treatment. Treatment success was assessed in accordance with criteria derived from an operational definition of creativity developed in the introduction. The hypothesis is considered to have received conditional support, pending the outcome of suggested research. (11 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

浅析女性话语中蕴含的女性意识

阐述现、当代文学史上女性作家笔下的女性形象,以及自"五四"以来,女性意识在不同时代的演变和扩展进程.     

The reception of my Freud-critique in the psychoanalytic literature.

Responds to comments made over the years by Peter Caws (see record 2003-09630-003), Zvi Lothane (see record 2006-05420-005), Charles Hanly (1988), W. W. Meissner (see record 1991-03025-001), Paul Robinson (1993), Michael Scriven (1959), and Jon Mills, in response to the present author's crique of Freud. Some of the very extensive body of commentary on my psychoanalytic writings has been gratifyingly favorable, while other responses have been more or less adverse, and even denunciatory. Therefore, in this survey of "The Reception of My Freud-Critique in the Psychoanalytic Literature," I include my critical reactions to selected objections to my views, as well as noteworthy commendations of them. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A psychoanalytic perspective on late adolescence in men in an Israeli combat unit.

Describes and discusses some central experiences that have a direct impact on the completion of developmental processes of late adolescents who serve as soldiers in Israeli combat units. Experiences such as the feeling of brotherhood in arms and complete devotion among the soldiers and the idealization by one's family and the larger society may serve as facilitating factors for psychosexual development. Constriction of the possibilities for social experimentation, dependency aroused by the totality of the army as an organization, and the lack of direct emotional contact with the other gender contribute to inhibit the developmental process. The adolescent needs to assess and consolidate his identity and character, as well as differentiate himself and negotiate his relationships with the people around him. He must clarify and define his sexual objectives while finding his own true gender identity through identification and role differentiation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The role of concordance and complementarity in psychoanalytic treatment.

Heinrich Racker (1968), in his seminal work on countertransference, highlighted the importance of concordance and complementarity in the countertransference. The present article argues that concordant and complementary identification are ubiquitous in the organization of experience and in human relationships, and that insufficient attention has been given to the role that these identifications play in the treatment process. Self psychology and projective identification were critiqued in relation to how they either avoid recognition of complementarity or reduce complementarity to concordance. The article concludes with a reanalysis of the patient–nurse relationship in Ingmar Bergman's Persona, dynamics that had been previously described by Otto Kernberg (1975) as projective identification and critiqued by Robert D. Stolorow and George E. Atwood (1992). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of changing strain paths on

The effect of changing strain paths on forming limits of aluminum alloy 2008-T4 has been investigated by determining forming limit diagrams (FLDs) after prestraining. Sheets were pre- strained to several levels in uniaxial, biaxial, and plane-strain tension parallel and perpendicular to the prior rolling direction (RD). Abrupt changes in the strain path can be used to increase the forming limits. Prestraining in biaxial tension generally lowers the forming limits for the entire FLD, whereas prestraining in uniaxial tension raises the limits on the right-hand side of the FLD without much effect on the left-hand side. Prestraining in plane-strain tension raises both sides away from the minimum. Finally, it was found that after prestraining, the amount of the additional plane-strain deformation possible depends on the effective strain during prestrain.     

Narrative limits in psychoanalytic case histories: A commentary on Loewenstein's article.

E. A. Loewenstein (see record 1992-28313-001) employs J. Lacan's (1952 [1982]) rereading of the Dora case to argue that psychoanalytic life histories are multivocal, dialectical, and nonpositivistic. However, she neither acknowledges the problematic, but persistent, ties of psychoanalysis to positivism nor makes explicit important philosophical differences between Freud's and her own hermeneutical view. These deficiencies weaken her argument which thus does not provide sufficient grounds for rejecting D. P. Spence's (1982, 1987) view that Freud's case-reporting style is consistent with the Sherlock Holmes detective story genre. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Physical motion in dreams: One measure of three theories.

As a normal psychological event, dreaming is an object of fascination and of conflicting explanation. In biopsychological terms, this article compares 3 explanations of 1 salient feature of dream cognition. Physical movement can be measured in dream reports, can be understood in physiologic terms, and can provide a focus for comparing dream theories. In addition, dreamed motion may have functional importance. The authors discuss dream motor data that conflict with Freud's explanation of dream movement and with a distributed activation explanation but coincide with an activation synthesis hypothesis. Because physiologic models of sleep intersect with physiologic models of psychopathology, this approach may be relevant to psychopathological dreaming. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Assimilation in therapy involving interpretation of recurrent and nonrecurrent dreams.

We studied the process and outcome of one case of successful, brief (20 sessions), dream interpretation-focused psychotherapy with a dissociative client. During the therapy, a recurrent dream and 3 nonrecurrent dreams were explored using Hill's (1996) cognitive-experimental dream interpretation model. To explore the process of therapy, the Assimilation of Problematic Experiences Scale (APES; Stiles, Meshot, Anderson, & Sloan, 1992) was used to track changes across treatment in the client's level of assimilation of the core theme of her recurrent dream. This analysis revealed that level of assimilation increased over treatment, with most changes in assimilation occurring during sessions involving the interpretation of the recurrent dream. Use of the Hill model of dream interpretation with recurrent dreams and with dissociative clients is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)