天然海水中微生物膜对316L不锈钢腐蚀行为研究

采用电化学技术包括开路电位、电化学阻抗谱、动电位极化、循环极化、表面表征技术、包括扫描电镜和能谱分析研究了316L不锈钢在天然海水中微生物膜影响的初期腐蚀行为。研究表明,海洋微生物在不锈钢表面发生附着形成生物膜。在天然海水中不锈钢的开路电位正移约450mV,而在灭菌海水中不锈钢的开路电位基本保持不变。电化学阻抗和极化实验结果指出,海洋微生物膜使不锈钢阻抗增加,点蚀电位升高,生物膜抑制了不锈钢的腐蚀发生。这种抑制作用经历了一个先变大后减小的过程。天然海水中,海洋生物膜的附着和其代谢产物作用使不锈钢的耐蚀性能得到提高,这一耐蚀性能的提高与生物膜影响的阳极抑制作用有关。     

硅酸钠对5083铝合金点蚀性能的影响研究

通过循环阳极极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱的测试以及浸泡腐蚀试验,研究了硅酸钠对5083铝合金在3.5%氯化钠溶液中的点蚀性能的影响。极化曲线结果表明,硅酸钠的加入使得5083铝合金在3.5%氯化钠溶液中的点蚀电位正移。通过EIS试验和浸泡腐蚀试验可进一步得出:体系中硅酸钠水解使得溶液中OH-浓度增加,铝合金表面钝化膜和Al2(SiO3)3沉淀膜增厚,从而较好地抑制了铝合金表面的点蚀,基体得到保护。     

富镁涂层对LY12铝合金点蚀的抑制作用

通过动电位极化使LY12铝合金表面产生点蚀后分别涂刷富镁涂层和环氧涂层,利用电化学阻抗等方法研究了富镁涂层对于铝合金基体点蚀的作用。结果表明:富镁涂层使铝合金的开路电位发生明显的负移,并在较长时间保持稳定,基体发生腐蚀的时间显著延迟,说明富镁涂层对于铝合金具有明显的阴极保护作用;点蚀的存在使得富镁涂层中的镁粉溶解速率加快,能更有效地保护基体;富镁涂层试样的铝合金基体浸泡后点蚀无明显的发展,说明富镁涂层能够一定程度上抑制铝合金表面点蚀的生成及发展。     

硫酸盐还原菌对两种不锈钢的腐蚀作用

采用电化学方法、微生物学方法和表面分析方法研究了在厌氧环境中硫酸盐还原菌(sulfate-reducing bacteria,SRB)溶液和电化学加速腐蚀协同作用下不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti和Cr17Ni2的腐蚀电化学行为、结果表明,未在菌液中浸泡的两种不锈钢电极在SRB菌液中的开路电位在第4天最大,分别为-0.409和-0．396V;而在菌液中浸泡的两种电极开路电位在第6天最大,分别为-0．240和-0.303V．未浸泡的两种不锈钢电极点蚀电位随细菌生长时间的增长而变化,但在6-10天变化不大;浸泡在菌液中的两种电极点蚀电位随浸泡时间的增加先负移然后正移再负移．1Cr18Ni9Ti比Cr17Ni2更耐蚀．显微观察表明生物膜并不完整致密,在SRB和电化学加速腐蚀作用下不锈钢电极发生了严重的点蚀。     

电力系统用LF21铝合金的电化学腐蚀行为

采用Tafel直线外推法、电化学阻抗谱和中性盐雾腐蚀试验研究了电力系统用LF21铝合金在5%NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为,利用SEM和EDS表征材料的腐蚀形态与腐蚀产物组成,并探讨腐蚀机理.结果表明,LF21铝合金在5%NaCl溶液中耐蚀性很差.随着电解液温度升高,铝合金的自腐蚀电位负移,腐蚀速率变大.电化学阻抗谱显示其容抗减小,膜电容下降,合金表面的保护膜被破坏.LF21铝合金在NaCl介质中的腐蚀主要以点蚀为主,形成较深的腐蚀坑,点蚀部位O含量明显增高.     

铝合金在切削乳化液中的微生物腐蚀行为研究

目的 研究切削乳化液中滋生的微生物对铝合金工件腐蚀行为的影响及腐蚀作用规律,为避免微生物引起铝合金工件的腐蚀提供理论依据.方法 采用表面形貌观察及成分分析方法,分别研究微生物对铝合金腐蚀形貌的影响及腐蚀产物组成,并利用统计学方法分析铝合金表面的点蚀分布情况,最后利用电化学方法分析铝合金表面的腐蚀电化学特性.结果 在含有多种微生物的切削乳化液中,铝合金工件的腐蚀更为严重,铝合金表面被微生物附着,形成不均匀的腐蚀产物膜和生物膜.除去表面膜层后,发现了明显的点蚀坑,而且点蚀坑的数量多、深度大,最深达到17.7μm.而在灭菌的切削乳化液中,铝合金表面仅有乳化物附着,而且较为均匀.除去膜层后,表面划痕明显,无点蚀现象.电化学结果也表明,在含有多种微生物的切削乳化液中,铝合金的电荷转移电阻Rct逐渐减小,从浸泡3 d时的23 k?降到15 d后的8.3 k?,铝合金的腐蚀速率明显增大.结论 切削乳化液中滋生的微生物明显加速了铝合金的腐蚀.     

316L不锈钢在硫酸盐还原菌和铁氧化菌共同作用下的腐蚀行为

采用微生物分析、电化学测试、扫描电镜观察及表面能谱分析等方法,研究了316L不锈钢在硫酸盐还原菌（Sulfate—Reducing Bacteria,SRB）与铁氧化菌（Iron—Oxidizing Bacteria,IOB）共同作用的溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为,分析了炼油厂冷却水系统中微生物腐蚀的特征及机制。结果表明,不锈钢电极在SRB与IOB相结合的溶液中的自腐蚀电位、点蚀电位和再钝化电位均随浸泡时间的增加而负移,其滞后环增大;在SRB与IOB共同作用的溶液中的腐蚀速率大于在无菌溶液中;显微观察表明生物膜疏松多孔,生物膜内细菌的生长代谢活动促使不锈钢表面的钝化膜层腐蚀破坏程度增加,在SRB与IOB共同作用下316L不锈钢电极发生了严重的点蚀。     

304不锈钢在淡化海水中的点蚀行为

运用开路电位(OCP)、电化学阻抗(EIS)、阳极极化曲线和电化学频率调制(EFM)技术研究了304不锈钢在不同温度(60~90℃)及不同海水(一级反渗透淡化海水、天然海水、1.6倍浓缩海水)中的点蚀行为。结果表明,304不锈钢在一级反渗透淡化海水中随着温度的升高点蚀敏感性增加;在发生点蚀前的钝化状态下,304不锈钢在一级反渗透淡化海水中比在海水中腐蚀严重;304不锈钢的点蚀敏感性随Cl-浓度的升高而增加;304不锈钢在80℃下的一级反渗透淡化海水中随浸泡时间的延长,腐蚀速率逐渐增大,且在浸泡1 d时即出现点蚀的倾向,在第10 d时已经发生了点蚀。     

ECAP变形后超硬铝合金的电化学腐蚀行为

采用电化学测量技术,研究了等径转角挤压方法(ECAP)变形后的AA7075-T651铝合金在NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为。结果表明:同道次ECAP状态下,随着Cl-浓度增加,AA7075-T651的自腐蚀电位和点蚀电位负移,耐腐蚀性能降低;而在同浓度NaCl溶液中,随着ECAP挤压道次增加,AA7075-T651的自腐蚀电位和点蚀电位正移,耐腐蚀性能提高。本次试验也表明了Cl-浓度对于该铝合金耐腐蚀性能的影响程度要远超过ECAP技术。     

力学化学效应对LY12CZ铝合金点蚀行为的影响

利用电化学测量技术研究了加载弹性载荷对LY12CZ铝合金在3％NaCI溶液中的自腐蚀电位、点蚀电位和保护电位的影响规律，同时利用小孔发展速率（PPR）-电位曲线法和电位扫描技术及显微测量技术研究了载荷对预选电位下的真实小孔发展速率的影响，根据点蚀电流密度随应力变化情况来研究力学化学作用对LY12CZ点蚀敏感性的影响，结果表明在加载应力时，LY12CZ铝合金的自腐蚀电位、保护电位和破裂电位都有不同程度的负移，负移的量取决于应力的大小。在加载应力时点蚀电流密度随应力增加也出现增大的现象，研究结果表明力学化学效应对LY12CZ铝合金的点蚀行为有显著影响。     

Corrosion protection of aluminum alloy by epoxy coatings containing polyaniline modified graphene additives

In the study, polyaniline/reduced‐graphene oxide (PANI‐RGO) composites, fabricated by loading 2, 5, and 8wt% graphene oxide, was prepared by in‐situ emulsion polymerization and reduction. They are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Epoxy coatings adding PANI and PANI‐RGO composites were coated on the surface of AA5083 Al alloy. The anticorrosion performance of the coatings is measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization curve in 3.5wt% NaCl solution. The results demonstrate that the epoxy/PANI‐RGO coating exhibits a better protection against AA5083 alloy corrosion compared with the epoxy/PANI coating. Enhancement of the passivation performance of PANI was obtained by the addition of RGO into epoxy/PANI coating system.     

The effect of temperature on corrosion behavior of AA5083 in brackish water and seawater

Al‐alloy, AA5083, as a lightweight structural material with favorable mechanical properties and, compared with other lightweight materials, good corrosion resistance has an increased usage in the marine environment. It is well known that all Al‐alloys, including AA5083, in the presence of chloride ions are more prone to corrosion. Determination of corrosion behavior of AA5083 in seawater and brackish water has been investigated and compared at 18, 25, and at 30°C. To obtain more accurate and realistic results, fresh seawater and brackish water were sampled as an electrolyte in Sibenik region. The investigation was carried out using the following electrochemical methods: open circuit potential measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, linear polarization resistance, potentiodynamic polarization, and cyclic polarization. After potentiodynamic polarization measurement, each alloy was examined using a metallographic microscope to clarify corrosion morphology. Obtained results have shown that an increase in temperature leads to an increase in corrosion activity of AA5083 in both electrolytes, while microscopic examination reveals that the dominant type of corrosion is pitting.     

5083铝合金与2205不锈钢在天然海水中的电偶腐蚀行为

研究了5083铝合金与2205不锈钢在不同面积比条件下青岛天然海水环境中的电偶腐蚀行为,得到了电偶混合电位和电偶电流。结果表明,2205不锈钢与5083铝合金形成电偶时,由于自腐蚀电位的差值较大,容易造成明显的电偶腐蚀。无论阴阳极面积相等还是在大阴极小阳极的情况下,5083铝合金与2205不锈钢均形成电偶腐蚀,都会加速5083铝合金的腐蚀,2205不锈钢则会受到保护。因此,在海水环境中要避免这两种材料的直接接触,必须采取绝缘防护措施。     

Influence of the degree of polishing of alloy AA 5083 on its behaviour against localised alkaline corrosion

A study has been conducted of the influence of the surface finish on the behaviour against the corrosion of samples of alloy AA 5083 immersed in aerated solutions of NaCl at 3.5%. Samples polished from 80 to 1200 grit have been tested, utilising as experimental techniques, measurements of weight loss, optical and scanning electron microscopy, linear polarisations and electrochemical noise measurement (ENM).In the conditions studied, the principal corrosion process that takes place is localised alkaline corrosion (LAC). This type of corrosion occurs as a consequence of the alkalinisation of the area surrounding the Al(Mn,Fe,Cr) cathodic precipitates that exist in the alloy.The results obtained indicate that the samples polished to 1200 grit present a greater susceptibility to processes of localised alkaline corrosion than the samples polished to 80 grit. It has been found that the degree of polishing conditions the number of intermetallic particles exposed. Hence the differences of behaviour observed between the sets of results obtained have been interpreted as an effect function of the density of cathodic intermetallic particles exposed on the surface.     

AA5083铝合金表面处理对AA5083/低温胶胶接性能的影响

目的为适应LNG船运输液化天然气时的低温工作环境,选择AA5083铝合金和外围保温材料,通过低温胶胶接的方式进行液货维护系统内部结构的搭建,保证满足基本强度要求的同时,降低生产成本。方法对AA5083铝合金进行喷砂和阳极氧化处理,对其表面形貌、表面粗糙度、表面能以及与低温胶的接触角进行表面性能表征,同时进行25、0、-60、-120℃四种不同温度下的单搭剪切力学性能测试,研究揭示不同表面处理方法对AA5083/低温胶胶接强度的影响。结果与AA5083铝合金原始试样对比,表面处理后的铝合金表面粗糙度变大,表面能升高,与低温胶的接触角变小,胶接接头强度显著提升,其中,阳极氧化后试样的胶接强度在0℃达到最大,为29.80 MPa,比原始试样提升了128.18%,比喷砂试样提升了29.90%。结论结合表面性能表征以及低温下的单搭剪切试验结果,喷砂和阳极氧化均能提高AA5083铝合金与低温胶的粘结强度,而且阳极氧化后的AA5083铝合金具有较好的综合性能。     

Effect of sizing on the corrosion behaviour of Alumix 123 P/M alloy in 3.5 wt-% NaCl solution

The corrosion behaviour of the commercial aluminium powder metallurgy alloy ‘Alumix 123’ after undergone ‘sizing’, a standard cold forming operation, has been studied in naturally aerated 3.5?wt-% NaCl solution through open circuit potential (OCP), cathodic potentiodynamic polarisation, cyclic potentiodynamic polarisation and potentiostatic polarisation experiments, and the subsequent corrosion morphology was characterised by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results were compared to those obtained for Alumix 123 in the ‘as-sintered’ condition and to a compositionally similar wrought alloy, AA2014-T6. The sizing operation significantly affected the OCP, corrosion control, cathodic process, corrosion rate and corrosion morphology of Alumix 123. These changes are attributed to the reduction in open surface porosity brought about by the sizing operation. It appears that with a single secondary operation, sizing, the corrosion resistance of Alumix 123 is significantly improved and approaches that of AA2014-T6.     

5083铝合金慢应变速率拉伸下的应力腐蚀行为

采用慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)测试法及扫描电镜(SEM)与透射电镜(TEM)分析手段,研究了预变形量及应变速率对5083铝合金在空气和3.5%NaCl溶液中应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为的影响。结果表明:在空气中,5083铝合金几乎不发生SCC现象,其断口均呈现韧性断裂形貌;在3.5%NaCl溶液中,5083铝合金具有SCC敏感性,其断口呈现局部沿晶界或相界断裂形貌,随着应变速率的减小,应力腐蚀敏感指数(ISSRT)增大,当应变速率减至1×10-6s-1时,其应力腐蚀断口呈现典型的解理脆断特征;(Mg5Al8)等第二相析出及预变形后位错增多是导致5083铝合金SCC敏感性增大的主要原因。     

纳米植酸锌缓蚀效果及其复合环氧涂层的防护性能

目的 考察NaCl溶液中植酸锌对Q235的缓蚀效果及其复合环氧涂层的防护性能。方法 以植酸钠和乙酸锌为原材料成功制备纳米植酸锌,并通过红外光谱仪（IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、电子能谱仪（EDS）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）及X射线衍射仪（XRD）对其结构及形貌进行表征。采用开路电位、极化曲线、X射线光电子能谱技术（XPS）及SEM等手段,研究了Q235在含植酸锌浸出物的Na Cl溶液中的腐蚀行为及腐蚀形貌。利用SEM、电化学阻抗谱（EIS）以及盐雾测试等方法,研究了纳米植酸锌在环氧涂层中的分散性及其对环氧涂层防腐蚀性能的影响。结果 SEM和TEM显示合成的植酸锌为球形颗粒,颗粒直径较为均匀,为20～40 nm。开路电位、极化曲线测试显示,纳米植酸锌浸出物可以抑制Q235在1%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀。XPS显示,Q235试样表面明显吸附植酸根成膜。纳米植酸锌在环氧树脂中的分散状态良好,无明显团聚现象。EIS和盐雾测试显示,纳米植酸锌可以增强环氧涂层的防护性能。结论 纳米植酸锌可以用作防锈颜料,且相比于磷酸锌防锈颜料,添加相同量的纳米植酸锌的涂层的防腐效果更佳,其可能和植酸锌的小尺寸、良...     

Pitting and Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Nanostructured Al-Mg Alloys in Natural and Artificial Environments

The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of two developmental nanocrystalline 5083 alloys with varied composition and processing conditions was studied. The results were compared to a commercial aluminum AA 5083 (H111) alloy. The pitting densities, size and depths, and residual tensile strengths were measured after alternate immersion in artificial seawater and atmospheric exposure under different loading conditions. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDX was used to analyze the fracture surfaces of failed specimen after removal at selected intervals and tensile testing. One of the nanostructured Al-Mg alloys exhibited significantly superior pitting resistance when compared to conventional microstructured AA 5083. Under conditions where pitting corrosion showed up as local tunnels toward phase inclusions, transgranular cracking was observed, whereas under conditions when pitting corrosion evolved along grain boundaries, intergranular cracking inside the pit was observed. Pit initiation resistance of the nano alloys appears to be better than that of the conventional alloys. However, long-term pit propagation is a concern and warrants further study. The objective of this investigation was to obtain information regarding the role that ultra-fine microstructures play in their degradation in marine environments and to provide insight into the corrosion mechanisms and damage processes of these alloys.