电场辅助镁锰超疏水类水滑石膜的制备及耐蚀性研究

为了进一步提升镁合金作为生物医用材料的临床应用，本研究采用电场辅助法在ZK60镁合金表面制备了超疏水类水滑石膜(SH)以提高耐蚀性，并用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)分析了膜层的表面成分和形貌，实验结果表明膜层表面主要成分为肉豆蔻酸钙(Ca[CH₃(CH₂)₁₂COO]₂)和镁锰类水滑石膜(Mg₆Mn₂(OH)₁₆CO₃·4H₂O)。用电化学测试和接触角测试表征了膜层的耐蚀性，最佳制备工艺下超疏水膜层试样接触角达到152.5°，腐蚀电流密度(4.73×10^-7A·cm^-2)与基体(6.53×10^-5 A·cm^-2)相比下降了约2个数量级，显著减缓了镁合金基体在模拟体液(SBF)中的降解速率。     

镁合金表面碳酸盐复合转化膜的制备及耐蚀性能研究

采用Mn²⁺/HCO₃^-水溶液为处理液,在AZ91D镁合金表面上制得了Mg₆Al₂(OH)₁₆CO₃•4H₂O/MnCO₃复合膜。通过扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线衍射（XRD）分析了膜层的表面形貌和成分,利用极化曲线和交流阻抗（EIS）、浸泡试验来评价该转化膜的耐蚀性。结果表明,NaOH溶液的滴加能有效促进碳酸锰的沉积,随着滴加速度的降低,膜层的沉积量逐渐增大,当滴加速度为每隔3 min滴加1 mL时,膜层最为均匀、完整,耐蚀性明显优于镁合金基体,试样的腐蚀速度为9.8×10^-5 A•cm^-2,约为镁合金基体的1/30。     

TC4表面掺La微弧氧化涂层的显微结构与耐磨性的研究

针对TC4钛合金在服役期间耐磨性较差等问题,本文在乙酸钙-六偏磷酸钠电解液体系下运用微弧氧化工艺在TC4钛合金表面制备出掺La陶瓷涂层。重点研究了电解液中掺杂La(NO₃)₃对TC4钛合金微弧氧化涂层(MAO)耐磨性的影响。利用XRD、SEM、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、涂层附着力划痕仪等仪器对不同La(NO₃)₃掺杂量下的微弧氧化涂层的物相组成、微观形貌、厚度、显微硬度、摩擦因数、结合力等指标进行表征。结果表明：随着La(NO₃)₃掺杂量增加,MAO涂层由HAp、A-TiO₂、R-TiO₂、La₂O₃相组成。掺La陶瓷涂层厚度虽略有减小,但致密性有所提高。涂层的显微硬度先增大后减小、摩擦因数先减小后增大。当La(NO₃)₃掺杂量为6 g/L时,涂层显微硬度提高31.18%,涂层与基体结合力提高30.59%,MAO涂层摩擦因数...     

KOH浓度对LA103Z镁锂合金微弧氧化成膜过程及膜层耐蚀性的影响

目的 探索电解液中KOH浓度对LA103Z镁锂合金微弧氧化成膜过程及膜层耐蚀性能的影响规律.方法 通过恒压微弧氧化法,在KOH质量浓度分别为2、4、6 g/L的硅酸盐系电解液中制备微弧氧化膜层.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察微弧氧化膜层的表面形貌和截面形貌,采用Image-J软件分析膜层的孔隙率和厚度,通过电化学试验表征膜层的耐腐蚀性能.结果 随KOH浓度的升高,微弧氧化过程中通过试样的电流密度增大,膜层表面微孔数目减少、孔径增大,膜层厚度也增加,试样的耐蚀性先升高后降低.当KOH的质量浓度为4 g/L时,膜层表面微孔大小均一、分布均匀,孔径尺寸较小,为2～4μm,孔隙率最低,为3.56％,膜层内部结构较致密,耐蚀性最好,其自腐蚀电流密度为0.26μA/cm2,与基体相比降低了2个数量级.结论 KOH浓度的改变主要影响微弧氧化成膜过程火花放电阶段的形貌.适当升高KOH浓度可有效改善膜层表面的微孔分布,增加膜层厚度,提高膜层致密度,从而提高膜层耐蚀性.当KOH浓度过高时,膜层内部大孔洞和裂纹等缺陷增多,膜层耐蚀性降低.     

C3H8O3含量对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化过程及膜层特性的影响

在含有不同C₃H₈O₃含量的硅铝复合电解液中,利用交流脉冲电源在AZ91D镁合金基体上制备了一系列微弧氧化膜。利用SEM和膜层测厚仪分别研究了陶瓷膜层的微观形貌特征及厚度,采用全浸泡实验和电化学阻抗谱测试了膜层在3.5%NaCl中性溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明,微弧氧化过程中的起弧电压和终止电压均随C₃H₈O₃含量的增加而呈上升的变化趋势。随着C₃H₈O₃含量的增加,膜层耐蚀性先提高后降低,而膜厚变化幅度不大。膜层的耐蚀性主要取决于内部致密层,当C₃H₈O₃含量为5 mL/L时,膜层相对较致密,因而表现出良好的耐蚀性能。     

电解液组分对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜层耐蚀性的影响

在含有Na2SiO3、NaAlO2、Na2B4O7、NaOH、C3H8O3及C6H5Na3O7的硅铝复合电解液中,采用恒电流方式对AZ91D镁合金进行微弧氧化处理。利用扫描电镜、膜层测厚仪、全浸泡试验和极化曲线等方法研究了陶瓷膜层的形貌特征、厚度以及耐蚀性能。结果表明,随着Na2SiO3、NaAlO2、Na2B4O7、NaOH、C3H8O3及C6H5Na3O7含量的增加,微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的耐蚀性基本均呈现出先提高后降低的变化趋势;经正交试验优化后,当电解液中Na2SiO3、NaAlO2、Na2B4O7、NaOH、C3H8O3和C6H5Na3O7的含量分别为15g/L、9g/L、2g/L、3g/L、5mL/L及7g/L时,膜层耐蚀性最好。经过微弧氧化处理后试样的腐蚀电流密度较镁合金基体降低了近2个多数量级,自腐蚀电位提高了近73mV,镁合金的耐蚀性能得到了显著提高。     

AZ91D镁合金表面热扩渗膜层的结构及性能研究

采用真空固体粉末热扩渗法,对AZ91D镁合金表面实施Al-Zn及Al-Zn-Nd共渗处理。对扩散合金层进行显微组织形貌和物相组成分析,并在3.5%NaCl溶液中测量镁合金基体及其扩渗试样的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,在385℃下恒温热扩散10 h,能在试样表面获得一定厚度的连续均匀的渗层,且Al-Zn-Nd共渗层组织比Al-Zn共渗层组织更加细小致密;Al-Zn共渗的膜层主要由Mg₁₇Al₁₂、Al₅Mg₁₁Zn₄和α-Mg三相构成,而Al-Zn-Nd共渗的膜层主要由Mg₁₇Al₁₂、Al₅Mg₁₁Zn₄、NdAl₃和α-Mg四相构成;扩渗处理明显改善了AZ91D镁合金的耐蚀性,且Al-Zn-Nd共渗试样的耐蚀性优于Al-Zn共渗试样。     

AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜的制备工艺研究

在NaAlO_2电解液体系中,采用自制微弧氧化成套设备对AZ91D镁合金进行微弧氧化。采用5因素4水平正交设计试验法,以膜层厚度和耐蚀性为指标,综合考察了各因素对膜层结构和性能的影响,确定最佳工艺条件为20g/L NaAlO_2,7g/L Na_2B_4O_7,频率500Hz,正占空比20%,氧化时间30min。对该工艺下制备的微弧氧化膜层进行SEM、XRD分析,膜层含有较多的NaAlO_2、MgO和Al_2O_3晶体相;相对基体而言,微弧氧化膜层耐蚀性提高2~3个数量级。动电位极化曲线及电化学交流阻抗测试进一步表明,AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化后,其耐蚀性明显提高。     

新型可降解Mg-1Ca合金微弧氧化工艺初探

采用微弧氧化(Micro-arc oxidation,MAO)在镁合金表面制备一层多孔陶瓷膜可以有效改善基体的耐蚀性和生物相容性。文章以新型Mg-1Ca为基体进行微弧氧化处理,研究了处理时间和电压对MAO膜层结构和成分及耐蚀性的影响,讨论了膜层的生长机理及其在SBF溶液中的腐蚀行为。     

镁合金表面微弧氧化/自组装/镍复合涂层的腐蚀过程和机理

镁合金具有很强的活性,在水溶液或潮湿的大气中容易被腐蚀。为了提高镁合金的耐腐蚀性能,首先利用微弧氧化工艺进行微弧氧化,通过乙酸乙酯(C₄H₈O₂)进行自组装,最后化学镀镍,在AZ91D镁合金表面制备微弧氧化(MAO)/自组装(SAM)/镍(Ni)复合涂层。通过形貌结构、电化学测试和腐蚀产物分析研究复合涂层在3.5 wt.%NaCl环境中的腐蚀行为,并建立复合涂层的腐蚀过程模型。结果表明：Cl^-的存在加速了腐蚀的发生。复合涂层的腐蚀电流密度与镁合金相比下降3个数量级,复合涂层显著提高了镁合金的耐蚀性。复合涂层在盐雾环境中0～96 h时,Ni层表面结构仍然致密。当复合涂层暴露在腐蚀环境中120 h后,Ni层开始被破坏,腐蚀离子进行渗透,形成通道。之后,基体上的SAM层和MAO层的保护时间缩短。在144h时,腐蚀离子直接穿透了复合涂层,使基体涂层保护失效。研究成果可为该类涂层的开发、制备和应用提供试验依据和理论基础。     

Influence of Zn and Mg Alloying on the Corrosion Resistance Properties of Al Coating Applied by Arc Thermal Spray Process in Simulated Weather Solution

In this study,Al–Zn and Al–Mg coatings were deposited on steel substrates by an arc thermal spray process.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the deposited coatings and corrosion products.Open circuit potential(OCP),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and potentiodynamic studies were used to assess the corrosion characteristics of these coatings after exposure according to the Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE)J2334 solution of varying durations.This solution simulates an industrial environment and contains chloride and carbonate ions that induce corrosion of the deposited coatings.However,the Al–Mg alloy coating maintained an OCP of approximately-0.911 V versus Ag/Ag Cl in the SAE J2334 solution even after 792 h of exposure.This indicates that it protects the steel sacrificially,whereas the Al–Zn coating provides only barrier-type protection through the deposition of corrosion products.The Al–Mg coating acts as a self-healing coating and provides protection by forming Mg_6Al_2(OH)_(16)CO_3(Al–Mg layered double hydroxides).Mg_6Al_2(OH)_(16)CO_3has interlocking characteristics with a morphology of plate-like nanostructures and an ion-exchange ability that can improve the corrosion resistance properties of the coating.The presence of Zn in the corrosion products of the Al–Zn coating allows dissolution,but,at the same time,Zn_5(OH)_6(CO_3)_2and Zn_6Al_2(OH)_(16)CO_3are formed and act to reduce the corrosion rate.     

Characterization of the corrosion performances of as-cast Mg–Al and Mg–Zn magnesium alloys with microarc oxidation coatings

In the present study, corrosion-protective microarc oxidation (MAO) coatings were prepared on AZ31B, AZ80, and ZK60 cast magnesium alloy substrates in an alkaline silicate electrolyte. The corrosion performances of the uncoated and MAO-coated alloys were investigated using electrochemical and salt spray chamber corrosion tests. The microstructure characterization and experimental results show that among the three alloys studied, the ZK60 Mg alloy exhibited the best and AZ31B the least corrosion resistance under the salt spray conditions. The MAO coating provided robust corrosion protection of the Mg substrates and resulted in a significant decrease in the corrosion rate of the alloys by 3–4 orders of magnitude. The MAO coating on ZK60 alloy showed better corrosion protectiveness than that on the AZ series alloys due to the incorporation of different alloying elements in the coating, especially the Zn and Al elements, which are from the Mg substrate. The corrosion performances and mechanisms of the uncoated and MAO-coated Mg alloys are interpreted in terms of the microstructure and phase/chemical compositions of both the substrates and coatings.     

Effect of Initial Oxide Film on the Formation and Performance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coating on 7075 Aluminum Alloy

In the early stage of plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO),the quick formation of the initial oxide film on the surface of the aluminum substrate is necessary for the subsequent discharge spark process.Furthermore,the compactness of the initial oxide film greatly affects the quality of the PEO coating,but the related mechanisms are not investigated in detail.In this paper,the status of the initial oxide film was adjusted by adding the(NaPO₃)₆ into the based electrolyte,and th...     

Friction characteristic of micro-arc oxidative Al2O3 coatings sliding against Si3N4 balls in various environments

The alumina ceramic coatings were prepared on 2024Al alloy by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique. The phase structure of the MAO Al₂O₃ coating was determined using X-ray diffraction. The thickness and micro-hardness of the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings was measured using eddy current thickness equipment and micro-hardness tester. The friction property of MAO Al₂O₃ coatings sliding against Si₃N₄ ceramic balls were investigated in air, water and oil by a ball-on-disk tribo-meter, and the worn surfaces of the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings mainly contained -Al₂O₃ and γ-Al₂O₃ phase. The micro-hardness of the polished MAO coatings was HV1740 ± 87. With an increase in normal load and sliding speed, the friction coefficient in air increased from 0.74 to 0.87, while decreased from 0.72 to 0.57 in water and 0.24 to 0.11 in oil. This indicates that the fluid lubrication could improve the friction behavior of the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings. The worn surfaces' observation indicated that the wear mechanism of the MAO Al₂O₃ coatings changed from abrasive wear in air to mix wear in water, and became microploughing wear in oil.     

Influence of Voltage on the Corrosion and Wear Resistance of MicroArc Oxidation Coating on Mg-8Li-2Ca Alloy

Calcium phosphate(CaP) coatings were prepared on Mg–8Li–2Ca magnesium alloy by micro-arc oxidation(MAO) in an alkaline Na_3PO_4–Ca[C_3H_7O_6P] base solution at the different applied voltages. Scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the microstructure and phase composition of the coatings, respectively. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was assessed by potential dynamic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and hydrogen evolution experiment in simulated body fluids solution. The friction and wear properties were evaluated by friction and wear testing machine. The results demonstrate that the coating surface is porous and mainly composed of MgO, Ca_5(PO_4)_3(OH) and CaH_2P_2O_5. With the increase in voltage, the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the MAO coating are both enhanced. The corrosion current density of the MAO coating decreases about two orders of the magnitude compared to the substrate. Additionally, wear and corrosion mechanisms are discussed.     

微弧表面处理对AZ31B镁合金耐腐蚀及耐腐蚀疲劳性能的影响

采用微弧表面处理技术(微弧氧化MAO和微弧复合MCC)在AZ31B镁合金基体上制备出不同断面结构的防护涂层。通过电化学腐蚀及腐蚀疲劳测试方法,研究了MAO、MCC涂层的电化学腐蚀及腐蚀疲劳性能。结果表明,生长10 min的MAO涂层具有较好的耐电化学腐蚀性能。MAO涂层表面存在微孔和微裂纹,在应力条件下微孔和微裂纹作为疲劳断裂的裂纹萌生点,可加速裂纹的萌生与扩展,使其腐蚀疲劳寿命相较AZ31B合金基体降低了55%。而具有MCC涂层的AZ31B合金试样腐蚀疲劳极限为(64.0±5.4) MPa,比AZ31B合金基体提高了59%。在低应力载荷下(＜80 MPa),微弧复合涂层试样的腐蚀疲劳强度得到明显提高。     

AZ33M镁合金激光熔覆Al-Si涂层的组织与性能

利用激光熔覆技术在AZ33M镁合金表面制备了Al-Si涂层,通过采用腐蚀电化学测试结合X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及显微硬度计等对熔覆层微观组织和性能进行了表征。结果表明,熔覆层主要由Mg和Mg₁₇Al₁₂、Mg₂Si及Mg₂Al₃相组成。熔覆层显微组织由柱状树枝晶和方向各异的树枝晶组成。由于第二相强化和细晶强化等原因,制备的Al-Si涂层相比镁合金基体具有更高的硬度。熔覆层的自腐蚀电位相比基体提高了约400 mV,自腐蚀电流降低了一个数量级,熔覆层的耐蚀性明显优于基体镁合金。     

Statistical Process Control

Abstract

In order to improve the corrosion resistance provided by a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy, a polypropylene film was prepared on its surface. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterise the surfaces of the coatings. The corrosion protective performance of the coatings was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarisation curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and immersion testing. The results show that the microdefects of the MAO coating can be filled by PP and the corrosion resistance of the AZ31 magnesium alloy is improved greatly.     

Mg-Gd-Y-Zr镁合金高速激光熔覆Al-Si涂层的组织与性能

采用高速激光熔覆技术在Mg-Gd-Y-Zr镁合金表面制备Al-Si涂层。通过光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及电化学分析测试、摩擦磨损测试对熔覆层的微观组织及性能进行表征,研究了基体与Al-Si涂层的冶金机理以及耐磨耐蚀能力。结果表明,熔覆层组织包括树枝状α-Mg固溶体、不规则块状Mg₂Si、α-Mg+Al₁₂Mg₁₇共晶以及花瓣状组织Al₃Mg₂。由于细晶强化和第二相强化等原因,Al-Si涂层的硬度达到160 HV0.1。此外,与镁合金基体相比,Al-Si涂层的耐腐蚀性能显著提高,自腐蚀电位相比基体提高约200 mV,自腐蚀电流密度降低2个数量级,抗磨损效果提高30.7%,因此Al-Si涂层有望成为稀土镁合金更有前景的耐磨耐蚀防护涂层。