三代生物柴油的制备与研究进展

综述了三代生物柴油的制备和工艺条件,包括第一代生物柴油制备方法:酸碱催化法、酶催化法和超临界法;第二代生物柴油制备方法:掺炼法、加氢直接脱氧法和加氢脱氧异构法;第三代生物柴油制备方法:微生物油脂法、生物质气化合成法。     

酯交换法生产生物柴油技术研究进展

生物柴油是对环境友好的绿色可再生能源。论述了酸碱催化法、酶催化法和非催化法酯交换工艺制备生物柴油的研究进展，并指出了今后的研究方向。     

酯交换法制备生物柴油的研究进展

生物柴油是一种环境友好、可再生资源,目前最有效制备方法是化学催化酯交换法.介绍了酯交换法在生物柴油制备中的应用,主要包括酸催化法、碱催化法、酶催化法和离子液态催化法等.     

酯交换法制备生物柴油研究进展

综述了酯交换法制备生物柴油的国内外重要研究进展,总结了超临界体系、生物酶催化体系、均相催化体系和非均相催化体系制备生物柴油的研究成果,重点讨论了不同催化剂和实验条件对酯交换反应速率和生物柴油产率的影响,分析了不同反应体系存在的一些关键问题,并对酯交换法制备生物柴油的研究方向进行了展望。     

酸碱催化法制备生物柴油技术研究

酯交换方法是制备生物柴油最常用的方法。酯交换法包括酸碱催化法、酶催化法、超临界法等。主要介绍了酸碱催化法的催化剂、反应结果以及优缺点,并展望了酸碱催化法制备生物柴油技术的发展方向。     

离子交换树脂在制备生物柴油中的应用

生物柴油具有环境友好、可再生的优点且燃烧性能与石油柴油相当,目前制备生物柴油的方法主要是化学催化酯交换法。主要概述了离子交换树脂作为酸碱催化剂催化制备生物柴油的应用进展。     

废食用油生产生物柴油技术研究进展

综述了利用废食用油生产生物柴油的方法、以及所使用的催化剂研究状况.以废食用油为原料生产生物柴油主要有3种方法:两步催化法,一步催化法和超临界法.环境友好的廉价的固体酸碱催化废食用油连续生产生物柴油是今后的发展趋势.     

生物柴油生产技术现状

对均相催化法、非均相催化法、生物酶催化法和超临界法等几种制备生物柴油的化学方法的研究进展及生物柴油生产最新装置的研究利用情况进行了介绍,并提出了几种降低成本的方法.     

微藻制备生物柴油技术综述

随着化石燃料的日益枯竭,生物柴油作为一种可再生的生物能源,其制备方法成为了各国研究开发的重点,藻类生物质则是生产生物柴油的优良原料。综述了制备微藻生物柴油的研究进程,着重阐述了酸催化法、碱催化法、酶催化法以及超临界法等国内外微藻制备生物柴油几种技术,并对其今后的研究重点进行了总结和展望。     

生物柴油制备方法研究进展

生物柴油是典型"绿色能源",大力发展生物柴油对经济可持续发展,推进能源替代,减轻环境压力,控制城市大气污染具有重要的战略意义。本文论述了生物柴油各种制备方法,重点阐述了化学催化酯交换法、生物法以及超临界法制备生物柴油的研究进展,展望了生物柴油的发展前景。     

镁基固体催化剂催化酯交换反应制备生物柴油研究进展

生物柴油是一种重要的可再生能源,非均相催化甘油酯酯交换反应制备生物柴油是当前的研究热点,而高活性的非均相催化剂则是非均相催化工艺的核心。镁基催化剂由于其原料来源广泛、价格低廉,受到了广泛关注。综述近年来镁基催化剂催化酯交换反应制备生物柴油的研究进展,重点介绍了镁基催化剂制备方法、组成、结构、反应条件等对催化酯交换反应活性的影响,并探讨了镁基催化剂目前存在的不足以及今后的发展方向。     

Biodiesel Production by Amorphous Carbon Bearing SO3H, COOH and Phenolic OH Groups, a Solid Brønsted Acid Catalyst

A solid Brønsted acid of amorphous carbon bearing SO₃H, COOH and phenolic OH groups has been studied as a catalyst for biodiesel production. The carbon material functions as a stable and efficient catalyst for the formation of biodiesel from oleic acid at 353 K; the catalytic performance is 70–80% that of sulfuric acid. The carbon material also exhibits remarkable catalytic performance for transesterification of triolein at 403 K, maintaining high catalytic activity even in the presence of water. These results suggest that this catalyst can directly convert crude vegetable oils composed of triglycerides, free higher fatty acids and water into biodiesel with minimal energy consumption.     

替代能源生物柴油工艺研究

面对能源紧缺和环境污染,生物柴油替代传统石化燃料已成为研究热点。本文从原料选取、生产方法和生产工艺的角度对生物柴油发展进行了评价和比选。结合最新研究进展发现,现阶段相比其他工艺,化学催化工艺技术生产生物柴油更为成熟可靠,且更加有利于我国大规模工业化生产的实现。     

生物柴油及其催化合成技术研究进展

介绍了国内外生物柴油的生产现状,并阐述了酸催化、碱催化、酶催化和超临界催化技术以及离子液体催化、超声催化、微波催化等新催化技术的研究进展。简述了传统催化剂的优缺点。说明了新技术代替传统技术的可能性。     

微波强化酯交换反应制备生物柴油研究进展

在碳达峰、碳中和的目标背景下,生物柴油被认为是替代化石燃料最有前途的新型能源之一。作为新型的加热方式,微波强化技术克服了传统加热方式下受热不均等缺点,在与不同催化体系偶联的过程中显著促进了酯交换反应的效率,较大幅度地提高了生物柴油的产率。本文归纳了微波技术强化酯交换反应制备生物柴油的优势,介绍了微波强化技术偶联均相催化、非均相催化、离子液体催化以及酶催化技术在生物柴油制备领域的研究进展,阐述了微波强化技术偶联各催化体系的利弊。从催化效率和环保等方面考虑,微波强化偶联非均相催化和酶催化具有更优的研究前景。最后,就该领域的研究方向提出几点展望与建议。     

Improvement of biodiesel production through microstructural engineering of a heterogeneous catalyst

Biodiesel can be produced from ecological friendly processes using edible or waste vegetable oil. Actual production processes can be improved by using heterogeneous catalysts for transesterification reaction activation at low temperature. Few structured or particulated solids with high catalytic activity for biodiesel production reaction have been studied in bibliography. In this work, a microstructured catalyst based on catalytically active pumice material has been developed. Catalytic particles have been made with the shape of an organic template used as former. A novel methodology was used to control the fabrication of pumice-based heterogeneous catalysts as an effective way to improve their efficiency in the production of biodiesel in a continuous packed-bed industrial reactor. The catalytic packed bed reactor configuration studied shows high yields in biodiesel production, obtaining advantages from the microstructural engineering of the catalytic material.     

Supported solid and heteropoly acid catalysts for production of biodiesel

Biodiesel has developed attraction of most researchers recently because of its renewable resources and environmental benefits. Transesterification process in the presence of catalysts is the most common way, which is used for biodiesel production. Heterogeneous acid catalysts are considered more reliable than any other catalysts to carry out most vital reactions related to green chemistry (biodiesel production), because the production of biodiesel from solid acid catalysts is considered economically favorable. Nowadays, biodiesel is preparing from low quality feedstock by using solid acids catalysts in many research laboratory throughout the world. This article discusses how much catalyst shapes affect the efficiency of catalyst during catalysis. Different types of supports (zinc oxide, alumina, zirconia, and silica) are used to increase the efficiency of catalysts. Supported Lewis acid, Brønsted acid, and heteropoly acid catalysts show good efficiency for the catalytic transesterification of oil with alcohol. Heteropoly acid catalysts are tremendous and environment friendly acid catalyst and have ability to tolerate contaminations of oil resources such as water contents and free fatty acids (FFAs) contents. Keggin-type heteropoly acids are easily available and having stable structure while Wells–Dawson-type heteropoly acids are included in super acid class, due to these reasons heteropoly acids are considered as best acidic catalysts for biodiesel production by catalytic transesterification process. Therefore, this review also focused on the deactivation, regeneration and advantages of supported solid acid catalysts used for the catalytic production of biodiesel through transesterification.     

固体碱催化制备生物柴油的最新研究进展

异相催化工艺是生物柴油工业化生产的发展方向。固体碱催化剂因其反应速率高、条件温和、且环保可再生等优越的性能成为生物柴油领域的研究热点。本文综述了负载型和非负载型两类催化剂在生物柴油中制备中的应用,总结了其存在的问题,展望了生物柴油未来的发展前景。     

Advances on the development of novel heterogeneous catalysts for transesterification of triglycerides in biodiesel

This paper describes experimental work done towards the search for more profitable and sustainable alternatives regarding biodiesel production, using heterogeneous catalysts instead of the conventional homogenous alkaline catalysts, such as NaOH, KOH or sodium methoxide, for the methanolysis reaction. This experimental work is a first stage on the development and optimization of new solid catalysts, able to produce biodiesel from vegetable oils. The heterogeneous catalytic process has many differences from the currently used in industry homogeneous process. The main advantage is that, it requires lower investment costs, since no need for separation steps of methanol/catalyst, biodiesel/catalyst and glycerine/catalyst. This work resulted in the selection of CaO and CaO modified with Li catalysts, which showed very good catalytic performances with high activity and stability. In fact FAME yields higher than 92% were observed in two consecutive reaction batches without expensive intermediate reactivation procedures. Therefore, those catalysts appear to be suitable for biodiesel production.     

Sulfonic acid-functionalized mesoporous silica catalyst with different morphology for biodiesel production

Sulfonic acid functionalized mesoporous silica based solid acid catalysts with different morphology were designed and fabricated. The synthesized materials were characterized by various physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques like scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area, thermogravimetric analysis and n-butylamine acidity. The shape of catalysts particles plays an important role in its activity. The sulfonic acid functionalized mesoporous silica catalysts of spherical shape and the cube shape were assessed for catalytic activity in biodiesel production. The catalytic biodiesel production reaction over the catalysts were studied by esterification of free fatty acid, oleic acid with methanol. The effect of various reaction parameters such as catalyst concentration, acid/alcohol molar ratio, catalyst amount, reaction temperature and reaction time on catalytic activity were investigated to optimize the conditions for maximum conversion. It was sulfonated cubic shape mesoporous silica which exhibited better activity as compared to the spherical shape silica catalysts. Additionally, the catalyst was regenerated and reused up to three cycles without any significant loss in activity. The present catalysts exhibit superior performance in biodiesel production and it can be used for the several biodiesel feedstock’s that are rich in free fatty acids.