胡—篦型铜矿床钴的分布与富集规律

分析了胡－篦型铜矿床中矿物的含钴性、铜钴关系、成矿作用,阐述了钴的分布富集规律,对于伴生钴的综合笔钴矿找均有指导意义。     

钴渣的综合回收生产工艺探讨

本文综述了国内外综合回收钴渣的生产工艺技术发展现状,介绍了阜康冶炼厂利用钴渣生产钴产品的生产实践.     

国内外钴市场现状及展望

简述了2006～2010年国内外钴市场的供需状况,并对2011～2015年全球钴生产和消费进行了预测。预计2015年全球的钴消费量有望达到9.7万吨,钴产量将达到10万吨,2015年金属钴的价格水平将会保持在16美元/磅。     

1998年国内外钴市场回顾及1999年展望

概述了1998年国内外钴市场的价格走势,并分析了造成这种价格走势的主要原因是钴产量稳步增长、供应比较充足．而钴消费的增长比较缓慢,而且钴市场供大于求的势头在1999年仍将持续,因此预计1999年国内外钴市场仍将处在价格下降的压力中,但也不排除由于投机因素造成的价格暴涨暴跌。     

硬质合金中铁镍代钴问题浅析

介绍了硬质合金中替代钴的现状，着重分析了采用铁镍代钴制造硬质合金工艺的难点，还探讨了解决这些困难的途径。文章指出：随着现代硬质含金生产技术的发展，少用钴甚至不用钴的新一代硬质合金将会逐步地取代传统硬质合金而广泛地用于各个应用领域。     

钴渣的综合回收生产工艺探讨

本文综述了国内外综合回收钴渣的生产工艺技术发展现状,介绍了阜康冶炼厂利用钴渣生产钴产品的生产实践。     

湿法炼锌锑盐净化钴渣处理的现状及展望

在湿法炼锌工艺中,采用锑盐除钴法产出的净化钴渣含有锌、镉、钴、铜等有价金属。从净化钴渣回收这些有价金属通常采用的工艺有两种：一是选择性浸出分离钴、锌、镉、铜-挥发窑回收锌、镉工艺;二是酸性浸出钴、锌、镉-α-亚硝基-β-萘酚的碱性溶液沉钴。这两种工艺都有不足之处,在氨-硫酸铵法和氧化法沉钴方面,科研人员进行了许多有益地探索。     

硬质合金表面覆钴机理及其影响因素

本文综述了硬质合金表面覆钴机理、影响因素及其对合金性能的影响,重点阐述了硬质合金液相迁移力、毛细管力、表面张力和Co相挥发对表面覆钴层的形成的影响,并结合各种合金成分和烧结制度,阐明了影响表面覆钴的主要工艺因素和控制途径。结果表明,表面覆钴层形成于降温过程中某个非常短的时间段,合金成分钴含量高、晶粒度细,并且烧结过程中慢速降温和在脱碳气氛中降温,可以促进表面覆钴层的形成。表面覆钴层可以显著提高WC-Co硬质合金表面韧性和焊接性能。     

湿法炼锌净化钴渣中富集钴的工艺研究

在湿法炼锌工艺中,采用锑盐除钻法产出的净化钴渣经过酸性浸出后,锌、镉、钻等有价金属进入溶液,铜进入浸出渣。浸出液经过双氧水氧化除铁、低温锌粉置换除铜镉后,然后加入过硫酸钠,使溶液中的钴、铁、锰发生氧化,再用氢氧化钠溶液调整PH值在4．5～5．0之间,使溶液中的钻、铁、锰发生水解进入渣中。沉钴后液含Co≤5mg／l,避免了钴在湿法炼锌系统中的循环;钴的富集程度比较高,沉钴渣中钴的含量达到了20％以上,有利于钴的进一步精炼。     

硫酸锌溶液净化除钴的研究

该研究以除铜镉后含钴为19.60 mg/L的硫酸锌溶液为原料,使用新型除钴剂除去溶液中的钴,考察了除钴剂用量、反应时间、反应温度、亚硝酸钠用量等因素对除钴效果的影响,得到的较优的工艺条件为:除钴剂用量4 g/L,反应时间60 min,反应温度60℃,亚硝酸钠用量0.6 g/L。在此较优工艺条件下进行验证实验,除钴后液含钴为0.28~0.34 mg/L,钴的脱除率达到98.27%~98.57%。     

Alternative binders for hard metals

Cobalt has been the metal of choice for bonding of carbide based hard metals since their inception. Lately there has been concern about continued availability and price instability. A number of workers have looked at alternates for full or partial substitution and some of these are now commercially important. Improvement of chemical erosion resistance can be noted for nickel and chromium substitution. Additions of nickel on the one hand can stabilize the face centered cubic structure to give an austentic ductile binder whereas ruthenium can raise the F.C.C.-HCP transition temperature resulting in hexagonal binder structures associated with reduced friction effect. High strength martensitic binders can be fabricated using iron, cobalt, nickel alloys. Thus, some innovative alternates to cobalt have emerged with some technical advantage for specific areas of application.     

Cobalt—Its recovery, recycling, and application

Although cobalt is one of the least abundant elements compared to copper and nickel, it is an important part of the composition of nearly all alloys developed since the 19th century and has been of considerable interest in recent years. In this paper, cobalt processes that were developed for mixed ore are summarized. New cobalt purification and electrodeposition developments are described, and the most important aspects of cobalt recycling and application are also presented. Enhanced for the Web This article appears on the JOM web site (www.tms.org/JOMPT) in html format and includes links to additional on-line resources.     

Study of characteristics and properties of spark plasma sintered WC with the use of alternative Fe-Ni-Nb binder as Co replacement

Most of all WC-based cemented carbides use cobalt as binder due to the excellent strength and ductility that this combination provides. Motivators to find alternative binders have been related to factors such as the shortage and price oscillations of the cobalt and toxicity of the WC-Co system. In this work, Fe-Ni-Nb was used as alternative binder for WC sintered via spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The composites were sintered at different sintering temperatures (1100 °C, 1200 °C and 1300 °C). In addition, WC-Co was sintered at 1200 °C via SPS for comparison purposes. X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed as characterization methods to investigate the crystalline phase's formation, sintering effectiveness, porosity and phase distribution. Mechanical properties such as Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, nanohardness, elastic modulus and thermal properties (thermal expansion coefficient) were evaluated. The results demonstrate Fe-Ni-Nb as a viable alternative binder to cobalt in hardmetal applications.     

硬质合金生产管理系统的设计与实现

概述了硬质合金生产管理信息系统的建设背景,并介绍系统的网络、软件结构设计、数据库系统结构体系、功能模块的划分等的设计及实现。     

Technical and business considerations of cobalt hydrometallurgy

Approximately 55,000 tonnes of cobalt are produced annually worldwide, which represents an estimated $1–3 billion in annual sales depending on cobalt price changes. Cobalt is a common impurity in both non-ferrous mineral sulfide and oxide processing. In this paper some business and technical considerations are presented to facilitate the decision-making process required to produce either an intermediate or a finished cobalt product via a hydrometallurgical route. Methods currently available and practiced for the recovery of cobalt are considered, and process requirements up- and down-stream associated with each chosen method are discussed. In particular, some environmental, energy, or other sustainable development implications of each process are mentioned. An outlook on the future of the cobalt industry and anticipated future trends is included.     

Determination of wear parameters and mechanisms of diamond/copper tools in marble stones cutting

In this paper, a type of soft metal binder of diamond tools (diamond segments) that was consisted of 78% Brass (Cu-10Zn) +16% Bronze (Cu–10Sn) + %6Co was investigated. The first, it was approved that the binder is a soft metal binder by a hardness test for diamond tools in natural stones cutting. Then, the effective factors on grinding efficiency such as specific energy (SE), Cutting force (FC), metal binder removal rate (MRR), grinding ratio (G-ratio), wear resistance and Mean free path (MFP) were evaluated by different formula and equations. On the other hand, the effect of different wear mechanisms on the metal binder and diamond grits of the tool was evaluated by the cutting of a type of very hard marble stone that calls Cappochino Beige Marble (CBM). The existence of wears of abrasive, surface fatigue, impact and erosive were confirmed by scanning electron microscopic observations. According to hardness 73 HRB (hardness of the binder) and the wears, there is a short tools life for the diamond tool due to low wear resistance of the metal binder but, the cutting rate was high.Novelty statementThe rising price of decorative stones will increase the final price of the stones and will overshadow the global market of decorative stones. The presence of cobalt, iron, chromium and nickel powders increases the price of diamond tools because of their high price. On the other hand, due to the higher temperature and time of hot press to produce these tools by the mentioned powders, it will also increase the price. Therefore, in this paper, brass and bronze alloy powders, which are much cheaper than cobalt, iron, chromium and nickel powders, have been used as main metal binder powders to reduce raw material prices and manufacturing process costs. On the other side, due to the creation of a softer metal binder compared with the more expensive and harder binder of cobalt, iron, chromium and nickel powders, it can be affected to increase the cutting speed because of increasing wear of the binder. Therefore, mathematical calculations are essential for the efficiency of the tools' cutting.     

市场将逐步转暖——2002年国内外钴市场回顾及2003年展望

回顾了 2 0 0 2年国内外钴市场价格、生产和消费特点。并预计 2 0 0 3年钴市场将逐渐转暖和我国钴市场可能发生的变化。     

2005年上半年铂市场回顾及下半年预测

基金在2003年全面进入商品市场,2004年掌控有色金属市场至今,多种有色金属的价格因此冲上多年高点,并长时间盘踞高位.金、银和铂价分别创下16年和24年的新高.2005年前7个月,金、银和铂3种贵金属继续在基金的带领下维持牛市基调.预计下半年铂市场将继续维持牛市基调.尽管基本面可能转暖,但在基金的引导下,价格将继续维持在高位.预计第3季度的平均价为850美元/盎司,第4季度为830美元/盎司,全年的平均价为850美元/盎司.     

黄金牛市风高浪涨--2005年黄金市场回顾及2006年展望

2005年,金价继续延续过去4年的上涨行情,并且在下半年加剧涨势,创下了24年来的新高.上半年,美元的持续贬值为金价的上涨提供了动力,而下半年,原油价格的高涨以及全球通货膨胀的显现,更是为金价的上涨提供了动力.金价在突破了500美元/盎司的阻力位之后,打开了一个新的上升空间.预计在能源价格高涨,全球利率上升以及通胀逐渐显露的时期,金价做为保值避险的工具,将得到更多投资者的追捧,价格很可能继续走高,并有望在未来几年内突破上一个高点800美元/盎司.2006年全球政治经济环境继续对金价有利,预计最高可能突破600美元/盎司,全年平均价大约在540美元/盎司左右.