栀子黄色素提取工艺的研究进展

栀子黄色素是从栀子果实中提取得到的天然色素,广泛应用于食品、医药和化妆品行业。目前栀子黄色素的生产工艺复杂,产品的得率和色价较低,制取高色价高纯度的栀子黄色索是近年来研究的热点。本文按照提取精制方法的不同,综述了近10年来国内外对栀子黄色素的研究成果,着重探讨了栀子黄色素的性质和分离纯化的工艺条件,并展望了栀子黄色素的...     

高压脉冲电场辅助乙醇连续化提取栀子黄色素工艺条件的研究

探讨高压脉冲电场(PEF)辅助乙醇连续提取栀子黄色素的工艺条件.首先考察脉冲电场强度、脉冲频率、脉冲时间、温度及溶提时间对栀子黄色素溶出率的影响,在此基础上采用正交试验法优化提取条件.实验结果表明,较佳提取条件为脉冲电场强度25kV·cm<'-1>,脉冲频率6 Hz,脉冲时间4 s,提取温度40℃,提取时间15 min...     

浸取法提取栀子黄色素工艺研究

通过浸取法来提取栀子中的黄色素,改变乙醇浓度、浸取时间、浸取温度、料液比4个工艺条件,通过单因素实验和正交实验研究栀子黄色素最佳提取工艺条件。研究结果表明,于乙醇浓度60%、浸提时间140min、浸提温度50℃、料液比1:14工艺条件下,栀子黄色素析出浓度最大,吸光度值为0.612。     

制备栀子黄色素

山东大学药学院研究出栀子黄色素的制备工艺。研究人员对水煮和乙醇提取栀子黄色素进行正交设计,就水煮中提取时间、提取温度和料液比及乙醇提取中的乙醇浓度、提取时间和提取温度对栀子黄色素提取的相关性进行试验研究。结果发现,在水煮栀子黄色素中,料液比、提取温度、提取时间是影响栀子黄色素的显著因素。     

栀子色素的提取与精制

对栀子色素的提取和精制进行了研究，提出了栀了黄色素和栀子蓝色素的生产工艺条件和方法：采用50％甲醇水溶液作浸取剂，在常温下，浸取时间为24h,栀子黄色素收率较高，为11％－12％。     

高色价栀子黄色素的精制

研究了大孔吸附树脂对栀子黄的精制效果。比较了6种树脂对栀子黄的吸附效果,并选择HPD450树脂精制栀子黄色素。获得高色价、低OD值的栀子黄色素的大孔树脂吸附分离的适宜精制条件为:水提取液ρ(栀子黄)=7 mg/mL,水提取液与树脂的体积比为7∶1,依次用6BV水、4BV体积分数为5%的乙醇、3BV体积分数为20%的乙醇、4BV体积分数为80%的乙醇梯度洗脱。在此条件下,得到OD值为0.394、色价达423.4的精制产品。     

微波辅助法提取栀子黄色素工艺研究

采用微波辅助提取法对栀子中黄色素成分的提取工艺进行了优选。在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交表L₉(3⁴),以提取剂乙醇体积分数、固液比、微波功率、微波处理时间为因素,以黄色素溶液的吸光度为指标进行试验,得到最佳工艺参数: 1 g栀子粉末,60%的乙醇20 mL,功率280W的微波处理40 s,黄色素得率为17.83%,提取率达到98.20%,与传统的水提和有机溶剂提取相比,不仅提取率高,而且快速、节能。     

栀子黄色素的提取及性能研究

本文研究了从黄栀子中提取的栀子黄色素各种条件，并对色素的性质进行了初步的探讨，旨在为栀子黄色素的开发、利用提供有用的信息。     

栀子黄色素富集纯化对其抑制LDL氧化修饰的影响

通过动态筛选方法确定栀子黄色素(Gardenia yellow pigment,GYP)最优吸附树脂,对其纯化工艺条件进行优化及放大测试,并对GYP纯化前后性质及其抑制低密度脂蛋白(Low density lipoprotein,LDL)氧化修饰进行了比较。结果表明,NKA大孔树脂最适合富集纯化GYP,最佳纯化条件为:上样液质量浓度0.72 g/L、流速2 BV/h(BV为床体积)、上样量27 BV,分别用7 BV去离子水、9 BV体积分数15%乙醇水溶液洗杂,最后用3 BV体积分数80%乙醇以2 BV/h流速洗脱。在该条件下,纯化后的栀子黄色素(GYP-2)较纯化前栀子黄色素(GYP-1)色价提高了5.14倍,栀子苷、绿原酸与栀子黄色素吸光度的比值(OD1、OD2)分别从2.65、1.01降低到0.69、0.684。该工艺放大后效率稳定、效果良好。不同浓度GYP-1能抑制LDL氧化且呈现良好的量效关系。同等浓度GYP-2对共轭二烯(CD)、丙二醛(MDA)产生的抑制效果显著强于GYP-1(P0.01),其减缓光谱红移、抑制LDL外观颜色及微观结构改变的效果也强于GYP-1。     

栀子果实油脂的成分分析

栀子(Gardenia jasminoides Ellis]为茜草科植物,果实中含有栀子素(黄酮类)、栀子苷、藏红花酸、果胶、鞣质等成分,有凉血降压、清热解毒等功效,因此,人们一般都知道它可以入药或提取黄色素。但从栀子果实中提取油脂作食用以及关于油脂的含量和化学成分等则未见有报道。为了     

水性颜料墨水技术文献综述

介绍了喷墨打印技术概况,综述了水性颜料墨水的主要成分、配方和制备工艺,并分析了水性颜料墨水的发展。以水作为主体溶剂,颜料而非染料作为发色剂,水溶性高分子树脂作为颜料颗粒的稳定剂和成膜剂、粘结剂,多种助剂协同配合,借助颜料的高耐候性和稳定性,以及非有机溶剂的环保性,水性颜料墨水成为优异的打印介质,其应用越来越广泛。     

Surface treatment of pigments. Treatment with inorganic materials

The surface treatment of pigment particles plays an ever more important role in the pigment industry — especially in paint and ink applications. The use of pigment derivatives shows some strong limitations with respect to bleeding and coloristics. Novel treatments of pigments with inorganic materials are presented. This type of colorless and insoluble treatment has a marked positive effect on the rheological behavior of paints without changing the other pigment properties. These treatments allow a broad modification of the surface characteristics of the pigment particles which leads to novel improved products.     

挤水转相法有机颜料脱水的研究

研究了用聚乙烯蜡及连接料584-1#的挤水转相工艺,使有机颜料湿滤饼直接脱水干燥。挤水转相法不存在污染周围环境的飞扬粉尘,可以节省用于研磨、分散及润湿过程的动力消耗,干燥快,物料与连接料混合均匀。通过调节有机颜料与聚乙烯蜡或连接料584-1#的配比,改变捏合温度,加入适量的表面活性剂及改变投料方法等,得到了较好的捏合条件。对铜酞菁(CuPc)颜料,m(干品)∶m(聚乙烯蜡)=1∶1,捏合温度为130℃。对金光红C(红C)颜料,m(干品红C)∶m(聚乙烯蜡)=1∶1,捏合温度为115℃。加入表面活性剂可使上述两种颜料的挤水速度加快。红C与连接料584-1#捏合时,连接料的相对含量越高,挤水速度越快,出水量也越高。当加料量全相同时,一次性将连接料全加入进行捏合,出水量高且脱水时间缩短。挤水转相后颜料的w(H2O)<0.3%。     

槲皮素磺酸盐结构表征及其对天然色素的稳定作用

通过磺化反应制备了槲皮素磺酸盐,并利用红外光谱和紫外光谱对化合物结构进行了表征.实验表明,槲皮素磺酸盐在水中溶解度增大,溶解度可达2.30mg/ml,色价由2500提高到5600.将槲皮素磺酸盐作为天然花色苷色素的光稳定化剂,可以使由蓝莓、黑加仑、樱桃等天然色素浓缩液制备的实验性饮料的色素保存率提高1倍以上,因此槲皮素磺酸盐作为天然色素的辅助成色剂,可以有效地提高天然花色苷色素的稳定性.     

Influence of inorganic pigments on the fluidity of cement mortars

Among the admixtures used for cement composites, an inorganic pigment, which contributes color to the final product, enhances the esthetic value of a building. It can be reasonably assumed that the use of inorganic pigments will increase, given the recent trend to make cities more beautiful with color. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of inorganic pigments on the fluidity of cement mortar. For this purpose, a flow test was carried out on cement mortar mixed with inorganic pigments by changing the proportion of cement mortar, water-cement ratio, and ratio of pigment. When red and yellow pigment mortars were used, the fluidity rapidly decreased with increasing ratio of pigment. To secure an acceptable workability, the amount of mixing water had to be increased or a superplasticizer employed. When a green pigment mortar was used, however, the fluidity of the mortar recorded −2.4-6.9%, indicating almost no change in flow. When a black pigment mortar was used, the pigment had no effect on fluidity.     

Assessment of the dyeing properties of pigments from Monascus purpureus

Monascus purpureus C322 was cultivated on well‐established production media to yield prevailingly red or orange pigment‐rich ethanolic extracts. Once these extracts had been diluted by an overall factor of 50, they were used as such to dye raw wool standard specimens differently premordanted using alum or stannic chloride. Independently of the mordant used, the specimens dyed with the red pigment‐rich extracts showed a pale red colour tending to pink, whereas the specimens dyed with the orange pigment‐rich extracts exhibited a more definite orange colour. By carrying out a few colourfastness standard tests (manual washing at 40 °C, acid and basic perspiration and hot pressing), stannic chloride‐premordanted wool specimens dyed with the red pigment‐rich extracts were found to be less resistant to acid and basic perspiration than their orange counterparts. Since the production of the orange pigment‐rich ethanolic extracts appeared to be more cost‐effective than that of their red counterparts, the former might support the present demand for colorants of natural origin in the textile sector. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Properties of copper phthalocyanine blue encapsulated with a copolymer of styrene and maleic acid

Copper phthalocyanine blue was encapsulated with a copolymer of styrene and maleic acid (PSMA) via a phase‐separation technique, and a PSMA‐encapsulated pigment dispersion was prepared. The effects of the additive on the stability of the dispersion were studied. Scanning electron microscopy photographs revealed that the particles in the PSMA‐encapsulated pigment dispersion were more uniform than those in a PSMA‐dispersed pigment dispersion. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy provided evidence that the PSMA‐encapsulated pigment acquired abundant carboxylic groups that could improve its wettability to water. Moreover, the results also indicated that the PSMA‐encapsulated pigment dispersion had improved color strength, its stability could be greatly influenced by the pH value and ion strength, and its apparent viscosity changed little with an increase in the shear rate. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

商陆浆果色素的提取及其理化性质研究

以成熟商陆浆果为原料,采用水提醇沉工艺进行了商陆浆果色素提取试验,并对色素粗品部分指标进行了检测。同时,利用光谱扫描对色素浸膏进行了不同pH值、不同温度、光照、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸、氯化钠、双氧水耐性等理化性质的研究,并进行了急性毒性检验。结果表明,商陆浆果红色素浸膏在偏酸性环境下(pH=4—6),对光、热、食品添加剂和氧化剂较稳定,并且无急性毒性。     

On the study of a PV fast maroon HFM pigment based polyurethane ionomer

PV Fast Maroon HFM based polyurethane ionomers were successfully synthesized at our lab, and these ionomer structures have been proven by infrared spectra. In aqueous solution, the surface tension was found to be lower for the HFM pigment-based polyurethane ionomer made by toluene diisocyanate (TDI), as a result of more hydrophobicity adsorbed at the surface of aqueous solution. The viscosity decreases with increasing the concentration of the HFM pigment used to prepare the HFM pigment based polyurethane ionomer, indicating that the structure of this ionomer is possibly considered to be a type of micelle. In addition, the number-average particle sizes are seen to be decreased with increasing the concentration of HFM pigment employed for making the HFM pigment based polyurethane ionomer. These results also suggest that the HFM pigment based polyurethane ionomer molecule could have a micelle-like sturcture. However, the 100% modulus property for both the IPDI type or the TDI type of PV Fast maroon HFM based PU ionomer molecules appears to increase gradually with increasing the concentration of HFM, as a result of more crosslinking formed. ©1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

提高颜料永固紫粗品合成收率的一种方法

颜料永固紫粗品的合成以咔唑为起始原料,在相转移催化剂的存在下与溴乙烷反应得到N-乙基咔唑,收率96％以上。N-乙基咔唑在氯苯中与稀硝酸反应得到N-乙基-3-硝基咔唑,收率70％左右。N-乙基-3-硝基咔唑经催化加氢还原后生成N-乙基-3-氨基咔唑,收率接近理论量,它与四氯苯醌经缩合、闭环反应生成永固紫粗品,两步反应的收率在92％以上。很明显,在合成永固紫粗品的整个过程中,提高粗品收率的关键在于改进N-乙基咔唑的硝化反应及其后序操作。