一个集成电路后部工序的计算机辅助制造系统

为了适合集成电路后部工序--老炼筛选测试工艺的生产管理特点,提高其生产效率,在前部工序IC-CAM系统基础上设计开发了新的集成电路制造后部工序计算机辅助制造系统.对老炼筛选测试工艺IC-CAM的系统结构,系统中的主体数据表结构及为保证数据完整性一致性的事件触发器的设计,以及部分界面设计技术等进行了详细分析与介绍.该系统已完成现场安装调试,投入试运行,所有功能达到预定设计要求,提高了IC后部工序的生产效率.     

飞机总装站位式生产线的综合测试技术研究

在飞机总装线的生产过程中,采用具有集成测试功能的自动化综合测试系统,能够满足新型号飞机站位式生产的质量测试需求,并提高生产效率及产品的可靠性和一致性.这样的综合测试系统应具有故障注入、硬件在环及其智能化端口等功能,使得站位式生产线能够快速地排除故障,更加适应不同型号飞机生产测试的需求.给出这种综合测试系统的设计方案,并提出测试数据链的管理方案,以便优化生产的测试流程工艺,进一步提高生产效率和优化飞行维护,保证飞机全寿命周期的可靠飞行.     

An object-oriented bill of materials system for dynamic product management

In this paper, the bill of materials (BOM) system is defined as the central hub of a general product data management (PDM) system that provides essential data for running a manufacturing system to produce products. Information that is relevant to products and their components is defined in the BOM. The information is critically related to data from product design, manufacturing planning, production management, procurement, inventory control, and accounting within a company. A conventional BOM structure (or product configuration), which manages data only in a stand-alone relational database management style, cannot satisfy the needs requested by all departments within a company. A BOM should relate to and communicate with other domains of the information system. In this research, a newly designed BOM system uses the object-oriented programming (OOP) concept to represent product information. The object-oriented BOM (OOBOM) system can capture and encapsulate data that will simultaneously serve the information needs of various departments. In order to manage product data dynamically, the system provides several interfaces for easy data access and manipulation. The linkage between BOM and its corresponding CAD/CAM system is enabled through the X-window manager: thus an integrated PDM environment is developed. This product management approach improves the consistency and efficiency of product data representation.     

An automated coding and classification system with supporting database for effective design of manufacturing systems

The philosophy of group technology (GT) is an important concept in the design of flexible manufacturing systems and manufacturing cells. Group technology is a manufacturing philosophy that identifies similar parts and groups them into families. Beside assigning unique codes to these parts, group technology developers intend to take advantage of part similarities during design and manufacturing processes. GT is not the answer to all manufacturing problems, but it is a good management technique with which to standardize efforts and eliminate duplication. Group technology classifies parts by assigning them to different families based on their similarities in: (1) design attributes (physical shape and size), and/or (2) manufacturing attributes (processing sequence). The manufacturing industry today is process focused; departments and sub units are no longer independent but are interdependent. If the product development process is to be optimized, engineering and manufacturing cannot remain independent any more: they must be coordinated. Each sub-system is a critical component within an integrated manufacturing framework. The coding and classification system is the basis of CAPP and the functioning and reliability of CAPP depends on the robustness of the coding system. The proposed coding system is considered superior to the previously proposed coding systems, in that it has the capability to migrate into multiple manufacturing environments. This article presents the design of a coding and classification system and the supporting database for manufacturing processes based on both design and manufacturing attributes of parts. An interface with the spreadsheet will calculate the machine operation costs for various processes. This menu-driven interactive package is implemented using dBASE-IV. Part Family formation is achieved using a KAMCELL package developed in TURBO Pascal.     

Agent-based intelligent system development for decision support in chemical process industry

This paper presents an agent-based intelligent system to support coordinate manufacturing execution and decision-making in chemical process industry. A multi-agent system (MAS) framework is developed to provide a flexible infrastructure for the integration of chemical process information and process models. The system comprise of a process knowledge base and a group of functional agents. Agents in the system can communicate and cooperate with each other to exchange and share information, and to achieve timely decisions in dealing with various scenarios in process operations and manufacturing management. Process simulation, artificial intelligent technique, rule-based decision supports are integrated in this system for process analysis, process monitoring, process performance prediction and operation suggestion. The implementation of this agent-based system was illustrated with two case studies, including one application in process monitoring and process performance prediction for a chemical process and one application in de-bottlenecking of a site utility system.     

TIREDDX: an integrated intelligent defects diagnostic system for tire production and service

Tire manufacturing is a complicated process due to the number of processing variables involved, dealing with more than 80 raw materials undergoing six main processing steps. Accordingly, the quality of a tire and its efficiency in use depend highly on the raw materials quality and the processing variables. Consequently, in order to properly diagnose a defect (quality parameter) in a tire, the manufacturing history data of that particular tire is essential, with the raw materials inspection results, as the starting point, and going through all manufacturing steps, to the final inspection results and customer claims.This study presents an integrated tire defects diagnostic expert system (TIREDDX) that can be applied during production and service. The main objective of developing a diagnostic integrated expert system is to achieve an integrated diagnostic procedure. The developed system is able to diagnose the probable cause(s) of the defect by tracing the acquired quality and production information at the various steps of tire manufacturing processes, starting from the serial number the defected tire. Implementing such a system significantly reduces the time consumed in tire defect diagnosis, increases the consistency of diagnosing decision-making, and better utilizes the company's management information system. Moreover, it can be regarded as an advisory tool to those having much technical experience and as a training tool for less-experienced personnel those who seek guidance and advice.TIREDDX comprises two main modules: manufacturing history databases and diagnostic expert system. The system was developed and implemented in one of the leading truck tires production companies in Egypt, where satisfactory results were achieved.     

An object-oriented constraints-based system for concurrent product development

This research work aims to develop an intelligent constraint-based system that enables designers to consider at the early stages of the design process all activities associated with product’s life cycle. One of the most important aspects of these activities is the evaluation and optimisation of manufacturing processes that require various type of information from the different aspects of product’s life cycle. This research article discusses the development of a prototype system for manufacturing process optimisation using a combination of both mathematical methods and constraint-programming techniques. This approach enables designers to evaluate and optimise feasible manufacturing processes in a consistent manner as early as possible during the design process. This helps in avoiding unexpected design iterations that wastage a great amount of time and effort, leading to longer lead-time. The development process has passed through the five major stages: Firstly, an intelligent constraint-based design system for concurrent product and process design has been developed. Secondly, a manufacturing process optimisation module has been constructed. Thirdly, the product features, processes, cost, time and constraints to be used for carrying out various design tasks has been represented in the format of constraints, frames, objects, and rules. Fourthly, the process optimisation and evaluation rules for the selection of feasible processes for complex features, and finally, the information management system that ensures consistency in information exchange and decision making activities have been developed.     

试谈离散制造型企业物流信息管理系统设计与实现

现代化的物流信息管理系统与现代制造企业越来越紧密地联系在一起,物流信息管理系统为企业降低成本、提高效率、服务客户提供了强大的技术支持,其正确的实施已成为提升制造企业竞争力的关键所在。物流信息管理系统是综合运用计算机及网络通信技术和管理决策方法,对与物流相关的信息进行加工处理,实现对企业物流、资金流的有效控制与管理,辅助管理人员进行物流业务管理、分析和决策的系统。     

Quantitative lifecycle risk analysis of the development of a just-in-time transportation network system

The automotive manufacturing industry is under financial pressure due to massive cost structure, relatively small scale operation and strong global competition. In order to improve their operational cost efficiency, companies have adopt lean principles in all their manufacturing activities, in particular, just-in-time supply chain. However, a consequence of this policy makes the transportation network from the local supply chain time critical. This paper uses an enterprise system model integrated with a quantitative method to study a manufacturing company’s logistics system re-development project. The quantitative risk analysis examines the project’s systems engineering management plan to see if it is sufficiently to mitigate risks in design, monitoring and validation of the project’s lifecycle processes. The computed risk profile shows a trend of decreasing risk and suggests areas of improvement in the systems engineering plan to ensure greater probability of success. The research assumes a single risk profile for the supply chain. Research is continuing in expanding to more accurate risk profile of the project when partners of the supply chain have individual profiles.     

Data-driven cyber-physical system framework for connected resistance spot welding weldability certification

A cyber-physical system is one of the integral parts of the development endeavor of the smart manufacturing domain and the Industry 4.0 wave. With the advances in data analytics, smart manufacturing is gradually transforming the global manufacturing landscape. In the Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) domain, the focus has been more on the physical systems, compared to the virtual systems. The cyber-physical system facilitates the integrated analysis of the design and manufacturing processes by converging the physical and virtual stages to improve product quality in real-time. However, a cyber-physical system integrated RSW weldability certification is still an unmet need. This research is to realize a real-time data-driven cyber-physical system framework with integrated analytics and parameter optimization capabilities for connected RSW weldability certification. The framework is based on the conceptualization of the layers of the cyber-physical system and can incorporate the design and machine changes. It integrates data from the analytics lifecycle phases, starting from the data collection operation, to the predictive analytics operation, and to the visualization of the design. This integrated framework aims to support decision-makers to understand product design and its manufacturing implications. In addition to data analytics, the proposed framework implements a closed-loop machine parameter optimization considering the target product design. The framework visualizes the target product assembly with predicted response parameters along with displaying the process parameters and material design parameters simultaneously. This layer should help the designers in their decision-making process and the engineers to gain knowledge about the manufacturing processes. A case study on the basis of a real industrial case and data is presented in detail to illustrate the application of the envisioned cyber-physical systems framework.     

Design of expert systems for integrated production automation

An approach to the design of expert systems for integrated production automation is presented. The major components in an integrated manufacturing system consist of corporate planning, marketing planning, research and development, engineering design, production planning, manufacturing, warehousing, and product distribution. These components are linked by management information flow, technology information flow, as well as materials flow. An intelligent computer is used to integrate information flow and to control materials flow. This paper discusses characteristics of the future factory, elements of knowledge based systems, and the design of computer based expert systems for production planning, for engineering design, and for integrated manufacturing.     

An agent-oriented approach to resolve scheduling optimization in intelligent manufacturing

Agent technology is considered as a promising approach for developing optimizing process plans in intelligent manufacturing. As a bridge between computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM), the computer aided scheduling optimization (CASO) plays an important role in the computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) environment. In order to develop a multi-agent-based scheduling system for intelligent manufacturing, it is necessary to build various functional agents for all the resources and an agent manager to improve the scheduling agility. Identifying the shortcomings of traditional scheduling algorithm in intelligent manufacturing, the architecture of intelligent manufacturing system based on multi-agent is put forward, among which agent represents the basic processing entity. Multi-agent-based scheduling is a new intelligent scheduling method based on the theories of multi-agent system (MAS) and distributed artificial intelligence (DAI). It views intelligent manufacturing as composed of a set of intelligent agents, who are responsible for one or more activities and interacting with other related agents in planning and executing their responsibilities. In this paper, the proposed architecture consists of various autonomous agents that are capable of communicating with each other and making decisions based on their knowledge. The architecture of intelligent manufacturing, the scheduling optimization algorithm, the negotiation processes and protocols among the agents are described in detail. A prototype system is built and validated in an illustrative example, which demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approach. The experiments prove that the implementation of multi-agent technology in intelligent manufacturing system makes the operations much more flexible, economical and energy efficient.     

A Methodology for Spatial Consistency Improvement of Geographic Databases

In any information system the reliability of any results of queries, analysis or reasoning, depends on data quality (positional accuracy, consistency and so on). In some cases, answers cannot be obtained due to a lack of information, whereas in other cases answers are wrong or not complete because of inconsistent data. In geographical information systems (GIS), data quality management has to handle the spatial features of objects, which brings specific problems. The goal of this paper is to describe a methodology for spatial consistency improvement of geographical data sets in vector format. It is based on errors survey and classification. Three kinds of errors are identified which lead to three kinds of consistency, namely structural consistency, geometric consistency and topo-semantic consistency. Each of them needs specific checking and correcting processes. All these processes are integrated in a general framework that is presented in this paper. An application of this framework to the Lyon Urban Community GIS (the SUR) is currently conducted; first results are presented.     

Function and process modeling for integrated product and manufacturing system platforms

Manufacturing companies face increasingly tougher individual customer requirements that force them to revise conceptual solutions for the redesigning of products. This situation limits the reuse of ready-made components and requires physical changes to the manufacturing system. In these settings, platforms must be prepared with greater flexibility to allow development over time. The corresponding platform models need to include conceptual considerations for products and manufacturing systems. The literature advocates functional modeling to capture these considerations but applies it separately to either the product domain or to the manufacturing domain. Further, its relationship to manufacturing processes is not expounded. Thus, functional modeling falls short of its potential to facilitate the integrated development of products and manufacturing systems.This paper puts forth an integrated platform model using functional modeling to capture the conceptual considerations for products and manufacturing systems together with the manufacturing processes. The model is tested for consistency and then illustrated by studying a real case example from the automotive industry modeled according to the approach suggested. The example shows that the model facilitates an understanding of the design of products and their manufacturing systems, including functions shared across domains and across lifecycle phases. Thus, the model is proposed for the conceptual phase of designing, aimed at reusing and redesigning components, machinery, manufacturing processes and design solutions.     

Software architecture knowledge for intelligent light maintenance

The maintenance management plays an important role in the monitoring of business activities. It ensures a certain level of services in industrial systems by improving the ability to function in accordance with prescribed procedures. This has a decisive impact on the performance of these systems in terms of operational efficiency, reliability and associated intervention costs. To support the maintenance processes of a wide range of industrial services, a knowledge-based component is useful to perform the intelligent monitoring. In this context we propose a generic model for supporting and generating industrial lights maintenance processes. The modeled intelligent approach involves information structuring and knowledge sharing in the industrial setting and the implementation of specialized maintenance management software in the target information system. As a first step we defined computerized procedures from the conceptual structure of industrial data to ensure their interoperability and effective use of information and communication technologies in the software dedicated to the management of maintenance (E-candela). The second step is the implementation of this software architecture with specification of business rules, especially by organizing taxonomical information of the lighting systems, and applying intelligence-based operations and analysis to capitalize knowledge from maintenance experiences. Finally, the third step is the deployment of the software with contextual adaptation of the user interface to allow the management of operations, editions of the balance sheets and real-time location obtained through geolocation data. In practice, these computational intelligence-based modes of reasoning involve an engineering framework that facilitates the continuous improvement of a comprehensive maintenance regime.     

基于维护计划的卷烟生产线设备运维管理系统

介绍了一个基于维护计划的卷烟生产线设备运维管理系统,分别从系统功能模型、计划业务流程等角度描述了系统的设计思想。并阐述了系统涉及的设备润滑计划制定、派工、运行维护数据分析、系统开发与应用等关键技术。开发的系统具有一定的可集成性、可扩展性和可重构性,与移动通讯技术、数据采集技术相结合,集成在制造执行系统中,可以实现卷烟生产企业制丝、卷包生产线的实时设备运行与维护保养管理。     

基于工业现场数据的制造执行系统应用研究

离散制造业系统结构复杂,系统间相互独立、缺乏数据信息共享,导致各功能模块之间存在信息孤岛问题。基于工业现场数据的制造执行系统（MES）遵循从下至上的规则将底层（PCS）数据通过OPC 技术进行采集,解决了传统方法数据采集异构的问题,并经MES传至上层业务系统（如ERP）,实现对工厂信息的纵向集成,对数据信息的处理形成异常信息检测及故障智能化处理模块,使管理层能实时掌握车间状况及提前发现影响生产的问题,利用信息化手段提高了工厂调度与管理效率,对工厂的实际生产具有一定的指导意义。     

智能建筑中央空调监控系统存储优化策略研究

随着智能建筑的迅速发展及管理要求的不断提高,监控系统信息管理的实时性、快速性以及存储模式设计的合理性要求也不断提高。针对智能建筑中央空调管控子系统监控点位多、数据存储量大、子系统多样以及管理复杂等特点,构建数据采集平台,利用OPC XML技术,将关系数据模型与XMLDB结合,设计低冗余数据存储及查询优化策略。实验及应用结果表明, 该策略适用于中央空调监控系统的信息管理与优化存储,在一定程度上提高了系统的管理水平和运行效率。     

Expert systems: An application in flexible manufacturing

Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) are needed to provide manufacturing operations with the capability to adjust, in real time, to changes in the manufacturing environment. Realization of the goals of flexible manufacturing is governed by the ability of the FMS to maintain adequate information on the factory to assist in generating scenarios from product planning to operations and performance. This leads to a view where the factory is represented as an integrated information system. To facilitate the analysis of information requirements and the design of information systems for flexible manufacturing, an expert support system (ESS) which can be used to model and study the various structures is described. This ESS uses the information cell model to build these information structures. Petri net representations of these structures and their interactions are then constructed. The ESS may now be used to exercise these models and study their performance using time and cost measures.     

系统可靠-失效模型的哲学意义与智能实现

为适应未来无人化、智能化、数据化和信息化的复杂系统，必须建立智能系统以代替人的工作。该智能系统的目标是使功能系统达到预定功能并保持功能稳定，即控制系统可靠与失效状态的转化。因此提出系统可靠-失效模型(system reliability failure model, SRFM)，并讨论基于SRFM实现智能系统的方式，论述了系统在哲学层面的相关观点；从哲学角度论述SRFM的意义，包括认识论、矛盾论、系统论和方法论意义。在具有哲学意义基础上，使用信息生态方法论(information ecology methodology, IEM)、因素空间理论(factor space theory, FS)及泛逻辑理论(universal logic theory, UL)，并融入空间故障树理论(space fault tree theory, SFT)来智能地实现SRFM。本文是面向未来复杂系统的SRFM研究，是安全科学理论和智能科学研究必须面对的问题，也是必须尽早完成的工作。