基于广义旁瓣对消器的Laguerre宽带波束形成

基于Frost 结构的Laguerre 宽带波束形成器可以获得比FIR 宽带波束形成器和IIR 宽带波束形成器更好的性能,但其需要单极点的最优求解过程,存在计算复杂度较高及收敛速度较慢等问题.该文提出一种基于广义旁瓣对消器(Generalized Sidelobe Canceller, GSC)的Laguerre 滤波器宽带波束形成算法.该算法首先建立基于GSC结构的Laguerre 宽带波束形成器模型,然后利用最小二乘方法给出一种低复杂度的极点求解方法,最后利用归一化最小均方根误差方法实现宽带波束形成.仿真实验及理论分析表明,该方法无需基于Frost 结构的Laguerre 宽带波束形成器单极点最优求解过程,在保证算法较高的输出信干噪比的同时,减少了计算复杂度,提高了收敛速度.      

基于广义旁瓣相消的机载雷达抗密集转发式干扰方法

密集转发式干扰不仅会引起雷达虚警,而且会抬高其附近单元的恒虚警率检测门限进而导致目标检测性能下降。另外,它还会污染空时自适应处理的训练样本,导致杂波抑制性能下降。针对这些问题,该文提出一种机载雷达抗密集转发式干扰算法。该算法首先估计干扰方向,然后用广义旁瓣相消技术在空域滤除干扰。广义旁瓣相消中的辅助通道为指向干扰方向的和波束,而其协方差矩阵则利用清晰区中挑选的干扰样本估计得到。该算法可以有效抑制密集转发式干扰,减少由其引起的虚警,改善雷达目标检测性能,同时该算法还具有结构简单,易于实现的优点。实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于子带TF-GSC麦克风阵列语音增强

为了加快基于传递函数广义旁瓣相消器的麦克风阵列语音增强系统的收敛速度,将其自适应模块的输入信号分解到子带以进行处理,并将多通道维纳滤波器引入传递函数广义旁瓣相消器的非自适应支路,以便更有效地抑制非相干噪声.实际测试结果表明,相对于基于全带广义旁瓣相消器的麦克风阵列语音增强系统,采用该子带传递函数广义旁瓣相消器结构的语音增强系统具有更高的输出信噪比.     

Two-Dimensional Adaptive Array Beamforming With Multiple Beam Constraints Using a Generalized Sidelobe Canceller

This paper deals with the problem of two-dimensional (2-D) adaptive array beamforming with multiple beam constraints (MBC) using a generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC). We present a method for the construction of signal blocking matrix required by the 2-D GSC. The resulting 2-D adaptive beamformer can provide almost the same performance as conventional 2-D adaptive beamformers based on a linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) criterion. The effectiveness of the proposed GSC is that the construction of the required signal blocking matrix requires only the computation of a few entries from analytical formulas. In comparison with conventional methods, the proposed technique gets rid of the computational complexity due to the eigendecomposition required for finding the 2-D signal blocking matrix. For dealing with the performance degradation due to coherent interference, we present a 2-D weighted spatial smoothing scheme to effectively alleviate the coherent jamming effect. Several simulation examples are provided for illustration and comparison.     

基于最强快拍法的自适应副瓣对消技术

由于实战中,电子干扰变化快、起伏大;该种变化将引起副瓣对消性能的严重下降.根据干扰的能量性质,推导出干扰对自相关矩阵的影响.在存在干扰时,自相关矩阵必然存在若干个显著的特征值,大的特征值是由干扰的强能量所致.因此,对回波信号进行能量开窗积累,即可取出最强能量片段,并据此估算自相关矩阵和互相关向量,进行副瓣对消.该方法已应用于某新型监视雷达中.实践表明,与传统副瓣对消技术相比,该方法可显著提升副瓣对消在实战中的对消能力.     

一种新的天线旁瓣对消抗干扰技术的实现

给出了一种新型天线旁瓣对消系统的技术实现方法，对其系统组成和对消原理进行了分析。同传统的对消系统相比，该系统具有更好的抗干扰性能。     

Out-of-Band Radiation Reduction in Cognitive Radio OFDM Systems Hybridizing Firefly Algorithm with Generalized Sidelobe Canceller

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is the most popular method for dynamic spectrum access because of its ability in changing the spectrum shapes. However, it produces a substantial out-of-band (OOB) radiation due to the high sidelobes of the modulated subcarriers which results in considerable interference to the neighboring users. This challenge becomes even more critical in cognitive radio networks, which gives the secondary system the right to use the available spectrum holes. In this paper, a joint technique for the reduction of OOB radiation is developed by adding the advantages of the cancellation carriers, based on firefly algorithm and of the generalized sidelobe canceller. Simulation results show that by using the proposed technique substantial reduction in OOB radiation is achieved.     

基于相干性滤波器的广义旁瓣抵消器麦克风小阵列语音增强方法

为了克服传统麦克风小阵列语音增强算法噪音抑制能力有限的问题,该文提出一种基于相干性滤波器的广义旁瓣抵消器语音增强算法, 该算法基于动态平滑系数噪声谱估计来获得相干性滤波器,分别对每个阵元接收到的信号进行滤波用以抑制包括混响等噪声信号的干扰,并把滤波后的信号作为输入信号,使用基于小阵列的广义旁瓣抵消器波束形成算法抑制残余噪声信号的干扰。模拟和实际试验表明,该文提出的算法明显优于单独使用小阵列波束形成算法和相干性滤波器算法。     

自适应旁瓣相消的性能分析与仿真

在数字阵列雷达中自适应旁瓣相消技术是抑制有源干扰的有效措施,理论上干扰是可以完全对消,但实际应用中由于存在诸多因素影响使对消效果明显下降。该文以自适应旁瓣相消基本理论为基础,深入探讨了自适应旁瓣相消的理论性能与实际性能相差甚远的各种原因,包括通道噪声、时延带宽积、带宽不一致、中心频率不一致、幅度相位特性差异、主天线旁瓣敏感性对旁瓣相消性能造成的影响,并通过大量仿真分析了各项因素对相消性能的影响,对实际工作有重要的参考价值。     

Analysis of Effects of System Mismatches on the Performance of Adaptive Generalized Sidelobe Canceller and Compensation Methods

The effect of system mismatches on an adaptive linear constrained generalized sidelobe canceller(LC-GSC) is discussed in this paper.Based on the array gain index,two classic system mismatches,the direction of arrival(DOA) mismatch and the mismatches arising from array disturbance,are studied,respectively.To obtain the effective methods for compensating for the system mismatches,we analyze the performance of the improved LC-GSC with the diagonal loading and additional constraints(such as the directional constraints and derivative constraints).The computer simulations show that the techniques of diagonal loading and additional constraints can effectively compensate for the system mismatches.The loss of array gains can be controlled within 3 dB in the presence of 20% of array disturbances or DOA mismatch when the signal-to-noise ratio is less than 10 dB.The analysis illustrates that the proposed compensation methods are valid and feasible.     

目标信号效应对旁瓣对消系统性能的影响

讨论了理想情况下的旁瓣对消系统,分析了目标信号效应对旁瓣对消系统性能的影响,推导出了考虑目标信号效应时的权值和对消比的表达式,并以只有一个辅助通道的旁瓣对消系统为例,推导得到：目标信号对旁瓣对消系统性能的影响程度主要取决于辅助通道收到的目标信号强度,目标信号越强,目标信号效应的影响越明显。最后通过计算机仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。     

Two‐Microphone Generalized Sidelobe Canceller with Post‐Filter Based Speech Enhancement in Composite Noise

This paper describes an algorithm to suppress composite noise in a two‐microphone speech enhancement system for robust hands‐free speech communication. The proposed algorithm has four stages. The first stage estimates the power spectral density of the residual stationary noise, which is based on the detection of nonstationary signal‐dominant time‐frequency bins (TFBs) at the generalized sidelobe canceller output. Second, speech‐dominant TFBs are identified among the previously detected nonstationary signal‐dominant TFBs, and power spectral densities of speech and residual nonstationary noise are estimated. In the final stage, the bin‐wise output signal‐to‐noise ratio is obtained with these power estimates and a Wiener post‐filter is constructed to attenuate the residual noise. Compared to the conventional beamforming and post‐filter algorithms, the proposed speech enhancement algorithm shows significant performance improvement in terms of perceptual evaluation of speech quality.     

一种低副瓣稳健自适应波束算法

本文提出一种新型低副瓣自适应波束形成算法,解决了传统自适应波束形成器在干扰和高信噪环境下算法性能急剧下降的问题,并降低了快拍数对算法稳健性的影响。该算法基于标准Capon波束形成器,利用消除空域噪声的方法提高期望矢量的重估精度,并结合功率估计算法重构出干扰噪声协方差矩阵;然后使用特征干扰相消算法二次重构噪声协方差矩阵得到最优权值,增强算法在低样拍下的稳定性;最后对最优权值进行切比雪夫加权和二次约束实现了零陷加宽。仿真实验结果表明：新算法计算量小,旁瓣电平低,降低了在干扰运动和导向矢量失配时快拍数和信噪比对性能的影响。     

一种改进型变步长算法在雷达系统中的应用

针对目前相控阵雷达中阵元天线较多的特点,自适应滤渡算法中收敛速度慢、稳定性差的问题,提出一种针时大型相控阵雷达旁瓣对消系统的子阵空间法,通过Matlab仿真表明,采用该算法的旁瓣对消系统,能快速有效地抑制干扰信号,提高算法的收敛速度和稳定性能.     

一种稳健的两维两脉冲杂波相消方法

两维两脉冲杂波对消方法,可以有效地杂波迹进行杂波预滤波,进一步提高后续空时自适应算法的动目标检测性能。但在实际中不准确的载机速度和偏航角等雷达系统参数信息,会制约其杂波抑制性能。为了解决这一问题,文中提出了一种稳健的两维两脉冲杂波相消方法,该方法进一步将载机速度和偏航角误差作为先验知识加入到滤波器系数矩阵设计中,提高了TDPC在雷达系统参数存在误差时的稳健性。并分别利用仿真数据和MCARM实测数据进行了验证。实验结果表明,在载机速度和偏航角存在误差的情况下,相比较TDPC,RTDPC能更加有效地对消杂波,改善了后续空时自适应算法的动目标检测性能。     

相关干扰对旁瓣对消系统性能的影响

分析了相关干扰对旁瓣对消系统性能的影响,推导出了相关干扰下的单辅助通道的旁瓣对消系统的对消比的表达式.分析表明:相关干扰可以使旁瓣对消系统的性能退化,其退化的程度正比于相关干扰的功率和目标信号的功率.最后通过计算机仿真验证了理论分析的正确性.     

利用极化滤波消除旁瓣对消器中目标效应

为了消除旁瓣对消器中目标效应的影响,文中提出了辅助天线自适应极化滤波抑制目标信号的方法。辅助天线采用正交双极化通道接收,调整接收天线极化矢量与目标信号极化矢量正交,在极化域滤除进入辅助天线的目标信号,以提高辅助天线的干信比,从而提高旁瓣对消器的对消性能。仿真实验结果验证该方法的有效性。     

相关性对旁瓣对消效果的影响

介绍了自适应旁瓣对消的基本原理,分析了相关系数对旁瓣对消系统性能的影响,并通过Matlab进行了计算机仿真,直观形象地验证了相关系数对旁瓣对消系统性能的影响效果.分析表明.信号相关系数的提高,可以使旁瓣对消系统的性能退化,减弱其对消效果.     

机载MIMO雷达空时杂波块对消器

针对机载MIMO雷达杂波空时耦合的特性,提出了一种应用于机载MIMO雷达的空时杂波块对消器。利用MIMO雷达接收杂波的多普勒相位和空域接收相位之间的关系,设计系数矩阵来对消杂波,后续级联空时自适应处理方法能进一步抑制杂波和提高动目标检测性能。仿真实验表明,该杂波块对消器能对正侧视和非正侧视机载MIMO雷达均有较好的杂波抑制能力,从而进一步提高了后续空时自适应处理算法的动目标检测性能。