用于WLAN的低时延混合MIPv6切换机制

由于传统的WLAN切换时延较大。因此不适用于时延敏感业务。借鉴IETF提高切换速度的两种协议——FMIPv6、HMIPv6，提出一种提高切换速度的混合MIPv6机制。混合MIPv6机制采用分层管理，在二层进行切换之前提前配置地址，避免了三层切换需要的切换时延，减小了发送绑定更新消息的数量和距离，从而大大提高了WLAN的切换速度，为WLAN增值业务的发展提供了条件。     

A Secure Relay-Assisted Handover Protocol for Proxy Mobile IPv6 in 3GPP LTE Systems

The LTE (Long Term Evolution) technologies defined by 3GPP is the last step toward the 4th generation (4G) of radio technologies designed to increase the capacity and speed of mobile telephone networks. Mobility management for supporting seamless handover is the key issue for the next generation wireless communication networks. The evolved packet core (EPC) standard adopts the proxy mobile IPv6 protocol (PMIPv6) to provide the mobility mechanisms. However, the PMIPv6 still suffers the high handoff delay and the large packet lost. Our protocol provides a new secure handover protocol to reduce handoff delay and packet lost with the assistance of relay nodes over LTE networks. In this paper, we consider the security issue when selecting relay nodes during the handoff procedure. During the relay node discovery, we extend the access network discovery and selection function (ANDSF) in 3GPP specifications to help mobile station or UE to obtain the information of relay nodes. With the aid of the relay nodes, the mobile station or UE performs the pre-handover procedure, including the security operation and the proxy binding update to significantly reduce the handover latency and packet loss. The simulation results illustrate that our proposed protocol actually achieves the performance improvements in the handoff delay time and the packet loss rate.     

层次移动IPv6的增强切换方案

随着互联网技术与移动通信技术飞速发展,移动IPv6技术已经成为下一代移动互联网的研究热点。切换技术是影响移动互联网实时运行质量的重要技术之一。低延迟、低丢包的无缝切换方案对移动IPv6的性能至关重要。层次移动IPv6(HMIPv6)利用移动锚点(MAP)降低了延迟和数据丢失。然而,只有移动节点在同一MAP域的网络上进行切换时,HMIPv6才能有效减少延迟。当移动节点在不同MAP域的网络移动时,其切换性能并不优于标准移动IPv6。文章针对层次移动IPv6提出了一种增强切换方案(EHMIPv6),该方案在HMIPv6的基础上实现并行重复地址检测(PDAD),以减少不同区域网络间切换的延迟。分析表明,该方案比HMIPv6具有更好的性能。     

移动IPv6快速切换在MBWA中的应用

目前的无线局域网和3G网络都还无法满足人们对移动多媒体通信的需求。IEEE802．20——移动宽带无线接入(MBWA)工作组的目标是使高速移动的用户也能获得与有线链路相媲美的数据业务体验。为了支持网络层的移动性，MBWA系统中引入了移动IPv6技术。介绍了一种可以应用于MBWA系统的移动IPv6快速切换机制，此机制是对标准IPv6切换的改进，从而能够在最大程度上减小由于IP协议操作引起的切换时延。     

一种代理移动IPv6认证协议

代理移动IPv6为移动节点提供了基于网络的移动性管理方法,移动节点不参与管理移动性信令.为了在移动互联网络中应用代理移动IPv6协议,需要定义安全有效的认证协议.目前还没有见到关于代理移动IPv6认证协议方面的研究,本文提出了一种代理移动IPv6的认证协议,该认证协议可以提供接入认证功能,并可防止重放攻击和密钥暴露.为了分析该认证协议的性能,本文给出了认证费用和认证延迟分析的解析模型,分析了移动性和流量参数对认证费用和认证延迟的影响.研究结果表明提出的代理移动IPv6认证协议安全有效.     

Fast Handover Mechanism for Seamless Multicasting Services in Mobile IPv6 Wireless Networks

This paper proposes a fast handover mechanism to provide a seamless multicast service for Mobile IPv6 hosts. With the proposed Fast handover based on a Mobile IP-Multi casting (FMIP-M) protocol, the selection of a new multicast service method, service preparation, and initialization procedures are all performed during the fast handover period, thereby enabling a reliable and efficient multicast service. When mobile hosts move to other networks, they can encounter data loss, out-of-synch problems for multicast data, and multicast service exchange latency. Therefore, the proposed FMIP-M allows the new access router to select a suitable multicast service method according to the multicast service-related network conditions and supports a reliable multicast transmission by compensating for data losses from the previous access router. An analysis is conducted of the overheads associated with a fast multicast handover, including the signaling cost and multicast packet-forwarding cost, where the costs are formulated based on timing diagrams, and compared with a fast handover using Mobile IPv6. The performance analysis and numerical results confirm that the proposed FMIP-M provides a fast multicast handover and reliable service with a relatively small signaling cost and packet-delivery cost.     

基于重叠网络的移动IPv6快速切换

基本的移动IPv6切换延迟太大，不能满足实时业务的要求。本文提出了一种基于重叠网络的移动IPv6快速切换算法，这种算法通过在两个不同的IPv6子网间设置重叠网络来实现IP层的无缝(零延迟)切换。文中给出了算法实现的网络结构及其切换过程，并且对其性能进行了分析。算法实现了移动IPv6快速切换，在大部分情况下都可以达到最佳性能。     

一种新的分层移动IPv6快速切换方案研究

分层移动IPv6快速切换在一定程度上减少了切换延时，但切换过程中由网络层移动检测和使用重复地址检测（DAD）配置一个新转交地址引起的延时对实时业务仍然有很大的影响。为了减轻这些影响，文中提出了一种更加有效的快速邻居发现和DAD机制，减小了切换延时，提高了网络的性能。     

A comparative performance analysis on Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 and Proxy Mobile IPv6

This paper presents comparative results on Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 and Proxy Mobile IPv6. The two mobility support protocols have similar hierarchical mobility management architectures but there are, however, clearly different perceptions: Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 has specific properties of a host-based mobility support protocol, whereas Proxy Mobile IPv6 is based on a network-based mobility support protocol. Thus, it is important to reveal their mobility characteristics and performance impact factors. In this paper, a cost based evaluation model is developed that evaluates the location update cost, the packet delivery cost, and the wireless power consumption cost based on the protocol operations used. Then, the numerical results are presented in where impacts of the various system parameters are evaluated. The results demonstrate that Proxy Mobile IPv6 always outperforms Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 due to its ability to avoid the mobility signaling sent by the mobile host, and its reduced tunneling overhead during communications with other nodes.     

移动IPv6在无线局域网中的实现

介绍了移动IPv6的工作机制,提出一个移动IPv6和无线局域网(WLAN)集成的设计方案,以实现移动终端在无线局域网之间无缝切换,并建立实际的实验环境对移动IPv6进行测试.     

乒乓切换在移动IPv6扩展协议中的性能分析

 综合评价了多种移动IPv6扩展协议在基于端到端的TCP协议L3层的切换性能,模拟仿真了乒乓切换在MIPv6、FMIPv6、HMIPv6和FHMIPv6中的时延、吞吐量和丢包现象,提出了一种优化的FHMIPv6方案.该方案通过定义新的Hop-by－Hop 选项报头TM、 PCoA表和双向隧道表,实现MN的快速、平滑切换,比FHMIPv6进一步减少了时延,提高了吞吐量,降低了丢包率.     

移动IPv6切换时延优化新方法

移动IPv6中,移动节点(MN)在不同子网间移动时,既不中断与通信对端(CN)的通信,也不用改变其本身的IP地址.但是当MN与其家乡代理(HA)之间相距较远时,移动IPv6切换时延较大,对于实时性要求较高的业务无法适用.本文分析比较了目前移动IPv6常用的切换时延优化方法,提出了一种自适应快速层次移动IPv6切换时延优化方法,减小了移动IPv6切换时延,提高了网络的性能.     

Reactive Handover Optimization in IPv6-Based Mobile Networks

In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the need to support moving hosts and moving networks in IPv6-based mobile networks. As the number of such hosts and networks grows, so will the demand for delay sensitive real-time applications, such as voice over IP (VoIP), that require seamless handover. Two well-known approaches to reduce the handover latency have been proposed in the literature: proactive and reactive approaches. While proactive handover is known to generally outperform reactive handover, its reliability and practicality are still questionable since it basically depends on predictive information which may be unreliable in some cases. In this paper, based on the standard specification for IPv6 mobility support, we analyze the existing movement detection and address configuration procedures which are the main components of reactive handover approach. We also propose a novel reactive handover procedure which employs our optimized movement detection and address configuration schemes. The proposal is simple and robust because it does not need any predictive information and it requires a minimum number of signaling messages. The performance evaluation shows that the proposal substantially reduces the signaling load on wireless/wired networks and its handover latency is reduced enough to support seamless services.     

委托代理在IPv6无线网络管理系统中的应用

无线局域网技术应用越来越广泛,随之而来的无线网络管理也变得更加重要。但现有的AP是多厂家的产品,其中部分AP不支持标推的网络管理协议,网络管理软件难以对其管理。委托代理(Proxy Agent)机制能够很好解决这个问题,网管系统通过访问委托代理能够间接的获取AP的网管信息。     

基于无线局域网的移动IPv6链路层切换

随着实时业务(如VOIP)的快速发展,移动IPv6技术的切换过程时延已经不能满足现代通信的需求,因此改进切换时延,提高切换质量很有必要.本文介绍了当一个移动节点(MN)尝试进行基于无线局域网的MIPv6链路层的切换时,利用邻居图算法或邻居缓存机制来减少扫描延迟,从而减少总切换延迟.     

Analysis of Fast Handover Mechanisms for Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Network Mobility

When a mobile network dynamically changes its point of attachment to the Internet, the various types of movements by a mobile router require handovers, and network mobility (NEMO) is concerned with the management of this movement of mobile networks. Accordingly, this paper investigates the mobile router movement patterns in NEMO network environments, and defines fast hierarchical NEMO handover scenarios based on classified movement patterns. Due to unexpected link breakdowns during the handover procedure, the NEMO handover requires additional latency and packet delivery costs depending on when the breaks occur. For the various handover failure cases, it is also essential to analyze these overhead costs to evaluate and compare the performance of a fast handover. In this paper, the overheads associated with a NEMO fast handover include the latency, buffering cost, and packet loss cost, all of which are formulated based on a timing diagram.

A Scheme for Supporting Fast Handover in Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 Networks

This Letter proposes a scheme that supports a fast handover effectively in hierarchical mobile IPv6 networks (F‐HMIPv6) by optimizing the associated data and control flows during the handover. By NS‐2 simulation, we show that the proposed scheme can give better handover performance than a simple combination of existing schemes.     

A Smooth Handover Scheme for Fast-Moving Users in Mobile IPv6 Networks

As the rapid development of wireless technologies and increasing communication need of people in ubiquitous environment, some handover schemes and improvements were proposed by the IETF in order to support mobility effectively. In addition, mobile Stream Control Transmission Protocol (mSCTP) proposed by the IETF is a new transport protocol supporting mobility and with a built-in feature called Multi-homing has attracted much attention from the research communities. Multi-homing is convenient to introduce IP diversity in mobility management. A seamless handover architecture called SIGMA based on mSCTP has better performance than Mobile IPv6 enhancements. However, the handover performance in SIGMA remains low if the mobile host moves at a fast speed. Aiming at this problem, we propose SHSBM, a Smooth Handover Scheme based-on mSCTP. SHSBM adopts the advantage of SIGMA, and utilize Buffer and Tunnel to better serve fast-moving users. Additionally, we propose two strategies to solve the problem caused by Buffer-scheme—sequence Out of Order. Criteria for performance evaluation including the packets’ loss rate, throughput and handover latency compared with SIGMA and Mobile IPv6 enhancements.     

基于特征投影的移动IPv6快速切换方法

研究了移动IPv6协议中的越区切换问题,提出了一种基于特征投影的移动IPv6快速切换方法。该方法通过构造先验切换经验与小区覆盖范围的映射关系来协助移动接入网关对切换目的地进行预测。仿真结果表明,文中方法能够获得比FPMIPv6更小的切换延迟,并具有较好的鲁棒性。