Coaxial electrospun nanofibers of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polyaniline filled with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes

Core‐shell nanofibers of poly (vinylidene fluoride)/polyaniline/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (PVDF/PANi/MWCNTs) have been produced using the coaxial electrospinning technique. The nanofibers were semiconductive and had better piezoelectric properties than pure PVDF nanofibers. Piezoelectric PVDF nanofibers are capable of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, which can be stored in charge storage devices. However, PVDF is not conductive and therefore, a conductive associate material is needed to transfer accumulated static charges into the capacitor. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were carried out to study the crystalline β‐phase of PVDF. There was an increase in β‐phase in the electrospun PVDF nanofibers filled with MWCNTs as compared with compression molded samples of neat PVDF. Incorporation of PANi as an intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) and MWCNTs as conductive nanofiller helps the movement of static charges. Core‐shell nanofibers had conductivities of about seven orders of magnitude higher than simple electrospun nanofibers. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:1198–1203, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Field emission of MWCNTs/PANi nanocomposites prepared by ex‐situ and in‐situ polymerization methods

The present work describes the field‐emission properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) coated with conducting polymer polyaniline (PANi). MWCNTs/PANi nanocomposites have been prepared by ex‐ situ polymerization methods and inex‐ situ chemical polymerization and are analyzed by SEM and Raman spectroscopy. It is fairly clear from SEM images that PANi is coated on the surface of MWCNT. SEM image of PANi powder also shows that the powder obtained is PANi nanofibers. It is also observed from SEM images that the shell diameter of MWCNTs depends on PANi content in thenanocomposites. The average outer diameter of MWCNTs increases from 7–15 to 50–80 nm upon PANi coating. Field‐emission study shows that although there is decrease in the value of turnex‐on field E_to and increase in the value field enhancement factor β of the nanocomposites as we go from direct solid‐state mixing method to inex‐ situ chemical polymerization method, the parameters obtained by inex‐ situ polymerization chemical method shows superior field emission. The turn‐on field of the nanocomposites are between 2.5 and 4.5 V/μm and the field enhancement factors are significantly high, between 1.2 × 10³ and 9.2 × 10³ while. PANi nanofibers does not show any field emission. POLYM. COMPOS. 34:1298–1305, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Multilayered Electrospun/Electrosprayed Polyvinylidene Fluoride+Zinc Oxide Nanofiber Mats with Enhanced Piezoelectricity

Electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers have been widely used in the fabrication of flexible piezoelectric sensors and nanogenerators, due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, their relatively low piezoelectricity is still a critical issue. Herein, a new and effective route to enhance the piezoelectricity of PVDF nanofiber mats by electrospraying zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles between layers of PVDF nanofibers is demonstrated. As compared to the conventional way of dispersing ZnO nanoparticles into PVDF solution for electrospinning nanofiber mats, this approach results in multilayered PVDF+ZnO nanofiber mats with significantly increased piezoelectricity. For example, 6.2 times higher output is achieved when 100% of ZnO (relative to PVDF quantity) is electrosprayed between PVDF nanofibers. Moreover, this new method enables higher loading of ZnO without having processing challenges and the maximum peak voltage of ≈3 V is achieved, when ZnO content increases up to 150%. Additionally, it is shown that the samples with equal amount of material but consisting of different number of layers have no significant difference. This work demonstrates that the proposed multilayer design provides an alternative strategy to enhance the piezoelectricity of PVDF nanofibers, which can be readily scaled up for mass production.     

Electrospun nanofiber‐coated separator membranes for lithium‐ion rechargeable batteries

Nanofiber‐coated composite membranes were prepared by electrospinning polyvinylidene fluoride‐co‐chlorotrifluoroethylene (PVDF‐co‐CTFE) and PVDF‐co‐CTFE/polyvinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene (PVDF‐co‐HFP) onto six different Celgard® microporous battery separator membranes. Application of a PVDF‐based copolymer nanofiber coating onto the surface of the battery separator membrane provides a method for improving the electrolyte absorption of the separator and the separator‐electrode adhesion. Peel tests showed that both PVDF‐co‐CTFE and PVDF‐co‐CTFE/PVDF‐co‐HFP nanofiber coatings have comparable adhesion to the membrane substrates. Electrolyte uptake capacity was investigated by soaking the nanofiber‐coated membranes in a liquid electrolyte solution. PVDF‐co‐CTFE and PVDF‐co‐CTFE/PVDF‐co‐HFP nanofiber‐coated membranes exhibited higher electrolyte uptake capacities than uncoated membranes. It was also found that PVDF‐co‐CTFE nanofiber‐coated membranes have higher electrolyte uptakes than PVDF‐co‐CTFE/PVDF‐co‐HFP nanofiber‐coated membranes due to the smaller diameters of PVDF‐co‐CTFE nanofibers and higher polarity of PVDF‐co‐CTFE. The separator–electrode adhesion properties were also investigated. Results showed PVDF‐co‐CTFE and PVDF‐co‐CTFE/PVDF‐co‐HFP nanofiber coatings improved the adhesion of all six membrane substrates to the electrode. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Pre‐thermal treatment in binary solvent systems promoting β crystalline phase of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofibers

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning with an investigation of various ratios of binary solvents at different temperatures. The amount of acetone influenced the morphology. Scanning electron microscopy showed a PVDF membrane composed of smooth and unblemished fibers without beads and dark spots with small diameters of 201 ± 54 nm at a dimethylformamide‐to‐acetone ratio of 4:6. The temperature of pre‐thermal treatment from room temperature to 120 °C was investigated to promote the β crystalline phase in electrospun PVDF nanofibers. The result was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). PVDF solution prepared at 80 °C was used to increase the β crystalline phase of the electrospun PVDF nanofibers due to the transformation of α to β phase occurring during the spinning process and also bead‐free PVDF nanofibers were obtained. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed crystallization behavior corresponding with that determined using FTIR spectroscopy and XRD. Therefore, the solvent proportion and pretreatment temperature were observed to affect ultrafine nanofiber and crystalline structure of PVDF, respectively. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry     

Facile preparation and properties of polyvinylidene fluoride dielectric nanocomposites via phase morphology control and incorporation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes conductive fillers

A novel PVDF dielectric nanocomposite was achieved by controlling phase morphology and incorporating conductive fillers simultaneously, and the mechanical, thermal, dielectric properties of the resultant dielectric nanocomposites were investigated. Mechanical analysis showed that incorporation of modified MWCNTs (MWCNTs-COOH) in the PVDF nanocomposites resulted in significant improvements on the tensile strength (T_s) and elasticity modulus (E_m). When the filler content was 12 wt%, the T_s of MWCNTs-COOH/PVDF could reach 64.6 MPa. XRD test showed that the addition of MWCNTs-COOH and MWCNTs promoted the formation of β-phase of PVDF. DMA analysis showed that the glass-transition temperature of the PVDF nanocomposites slightly increases on loading of original MWCNTs and this effect was more pronounced on loading MWCNTs-COOH. The dielectric property analysis showed that the original MWCNTs were more likely to form local conductive networks in the PVDF matrix, promoting the electron displacement polarization, and improving the dielectric constant. When the contents of MWCNTs was 12 wt%, the percolation threshold was obtained and the dielectric constant (ε′) reached 286, which was 36 times of pure PVDF. Our work provides a simple way to fabricate polymer blends with excellent dielectric performances, good mechanical properties as well as good processing capability but low cost. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48463.     

Electrospun composite nanofibers of poly (vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene)/polyaniline‐polystyrene sulfonic acid

Nanofibers of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene)/polyaniline‐polystyrene sulfonic acid (PVDF‐TrFE/PANi‐PSSA) were fabricated in air at room temperature using electrospinning, with the thinnest fiber having a diameter of ～ 6 nm. This is a cheap, fast, and reliable process for generating PVDF‐TrFE/PANi‐PSSA composite nanofibers. The presence of conducting PANi‐PSSA increased the charge density of the solution and assisted in the fabrication of PVDF‐TrFE nanofibers at low polymer concentrations in dimethylformamide without the beading effect. Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy showed that PANi‐PSSA was well incorporated into the PVDF‐TrFE solution with no polymer segregation or degradation. A scanning electron microscope was used for morphological characterization of the fibers and a profilometer used to determine the fiber diameter. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

On the electrospinning of PVDF: influence of the experimental conditions on the nanofiber properties

The characteristics of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers, prepared by applying the electrospinning technique from N,N‐dimethylformamide/acetone mixtures, were studied by varying the experimental conditions. The nanofiber morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy, while wide angle X‐ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy were performed to study the crystallinity. The influence of the electrospinning conditions, such as kind of solvent mixture, polymer concentration, voltage tension, airflow and humidity, on nanofiber morphology was studied. In particular, the latter parameter, generally not considered, was found to modify the electrospun mat structure in a relevant way. Generally, the above technique turns out to be capable of strongly affecting the polymorphism of the polymer, namely β phase formation was higher in the electrospun mats compared with cast films, which displayed a non‐polar α crystal phase. As far as the influence of the electrospinning conditions on PVDF crystal structure is concerned, modification of the experimental parameters did not affect the α/β ratio. Nevertheless, comparing the behavior of two commercial PVDF samples with similar molecular masses, our results show that the polymer which forms a higher content of β phase in its cast films allowed electrospun mats characterized by almost complete formation of β phase to be obtained. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

Nanocomposite films of poly(vinylidene fluoride) filled with polyvinylpyrrolidone‐coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes: Enhancement of β‐polymorph formation and tensile properties

To improve interactions between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix, multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) were successfully coated with amphiphilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) using an ultrasonication treatment performed in aqueous solution. It was found that PVP chains could be attached noncovalently onto the nanotubes' surface, enabling a stable dispersion of MWCNTs in both water and N,N‐dimethylformamide. PVP‐coated MWCNTs/PVDF nanocomposite films were prepared by a solution casting method. The strong specific dipolar interaction between the PVP's carbonyl group (C?O) and the PVDF's fluorine group C?F₂ results in high compatibility between PVP and PVDF, helping PVP‐coated MWCNTs to be homogenously dispersed within PVDF. Fourier transform infrared and X‐ray diffraction characterization revealed that the as‐prepared nanocomposite PVDF films exhibit a purely β‐polymorph even at a very low content of PVP‐wrapped MWCNTs (0.1 wt%) while this phase is totally absent in the corresponding unmodified MWCNTs/PVDF nanocomposites. A possible mechanism of β‐phase formation in PVP‐coated MWCNTs/PVDF nanocomposites has been discussed. Furthermore, the tensile properties of PVDF nanocomposites as function of the content in PVP‐coated MWCNTs were also studied. Results shows that the addition of 2.0 wt% of PVP‐coated MWCNTs lead to a 168% increase in Young's modulus and a 120% in tensile strength. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofiber-based piezoelectric nanogenerators using reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline

Recently, piezoelectric nanogenerators have received great interest as they can convert waste mechanical and radiative energy to electricity and can be used in self-energy generating systems and sensor technologies. In this study, electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofiber-based piezoelectric nanogenerators with reduced graphene oxide (rGO), polyaniline (PANI), and PANI-functionalized rGO (rGOPANI) have been developed. Two different types of nanofiber mats were produced: First, rGO- and rGOPANI-doped PVDF nanofiber mats and second, rGO, PANI and rGOPANI-spray-coated PVDF nanofiber mats that have worked as nanogenerators' electrodes. Then, characterizations of samples were performed in terms of piezoelectricity, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometric, X-ray diffractions (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy analyses. FTIR and XRD results confirmed that piezoelectric β-crystalline phase of PVDF occurred after the electrospinning process. Besides, maximum output voltages were obtained as 7.84 and 10.60 V for rGO-doped PVDF and rGOPANI-coated PVDF nanofiber mats, respectively. As a result, the doped nanofibers were found to be more successful due to the higher device accuracy in sensor technologies compared with spray-coated samples. However, spray-coating method proved to be more suitable technique for the production of nanogenerators on an industrial scale in terms of fast and large-scale applicability. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48517.     

Magnetic‐field‐assisted electrospinning highly aligned composite nanofibers containing well‐aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Composite nanofiber meshes of well‐aligned polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were successfully fabricated by a magnetic‐field‐assisted electrospinning (MFAES) technology, which was confirmed to be a favorable method for preparation of aligned composite nanofibers in this article. The MFAES experiments showed that the diameters of composite nanofibers decreased first and then increased with the increase of voltage and MWCNTs content. With the increase of voltage, the degree of alignment of the composite nanofibers decreased, whereas it increased with increasing MWCNTs concentration. Transmission electron microscopy observation showed that MWCNTs were parallel and oriented along the axes of the nanofibers under the low concentration. A maximum enhancement of 178% in tensile strength was manifested by adding 2 wt % MWCNTs in well‐aligned composite nanofibers. In addition, the storage modulus of PAN/PVP/MWCNTs composite nanofibers was significantly higher than that of the PAN/PVP nanofibers. Besides, due to the highly ordered alignment structure, the composite nanofiber meshes showed large anisotropic surface resistance, that is, the surface resistance of the composite nanofiber films along the fiber axis was about 10 times smaller than that perpendicular to the axis direction. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41995.     

Electrospinning and alignment of polyaniline‐based nanowires and nanotubes

Polyaniline (PANi) nanowires and nanotubes are processed by electrospinning. Nanowires are electrospinned using PANi/PEO and PANi/PMMA polymer blends. The morphology and composition of these nanofibers are determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Nano‐Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (Nano‐SIMS). The conductive polymer seems more homogeneously distributed for the PANi/PEO than for the PANi/PMMA blend nanowires, which exhibit a phase separation. On the other hand, pure PANi nanotubes are prepared using PMMA nanowires as a template. The synthesis is followed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), SEM and Nano‐SIMS. Moreover, a simple method based on electrostatic steering allows us to align these fibers on a substrate. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Anion conductive polymer nanofiber composite membrane: effects of nanofibers on polymer electrolyte characteristics

Polymer composite membranes composed of anion conductive polymer nanofiber mats and the corresponding polymer matrix were prepared and characterized for future alkaline fuel cells. In this paper, electrospinning was attempted to fabricate anion conductive nanofiber mats. The anion conductivity of the composite membrane was higher than the corresponding membrane without nanofibers under all conditions due to outstanding anion conductive characteristics of the nanofibers. In addition, because of the rigid and anisotropic structure of the nanofibers, membrane stabilities such as reductive degradation resistance and mechanical strength were very much improved. The gas permeability and excessive hydration swelling that will degrade fuel cells after long‐term operation were suppressed in the nanofiber composite membrane. These results indicated that excellent properties of the anion conductive nanofibers were demonstrated even in the composite membrane, leading to the potential application of anion conductive nanofibers in future fuel cells. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry     

Influence of processing conditions on polymorphic behavior,crystallinity, and morphology of electrospun poly(VInylidene fluoride) nanofibers

The polymorphism and crystallinity of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes, made from electrospinning of the PVDF in pure N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) and DMF/acetone mixture solutions are studied. Influence of the processing and solution parameters such as flow rate, applied voltage, solvent system, and mixture ratio, on nanofiber morphology, total crystallinity, and crystal phase content of the nanofibers are investigated using scanning electron microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetric, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that solutions of 20% w/w PVDF in two solvent systems of DMF and DMF/acetone (with volume ratios of 3/1 and 1/1) are electrospinnable; however, using DMF/acetone volume ratio of 1/3 led to blockage of the needle and spinning process was stopped. Very high fraction of β‐phase (～79%–85%) was obtained for investigated nanofiber, while degree of crystallinity increased to 59% which is quite high due to the strong influence of electrospinning on ordering the microstructure. Interestingly, ultrafine fibers with the diameter of 12 and 15 nm were obtained in this work. Uniform and bead free nanofiber was formed when a certain amount of acetone was added in to the electrospinning solution. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42304.     

Generating Power Enhancement of Flexible PVDF Generator by Incorporation of CNTs and Surface Treatment of PEDOT:PSS Electrodes

Two approaches are proposed for enhancing the generating power of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) flexible generator by incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and ethylene glycol (EG) treatment of the poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) electrodes. By incorporating CNTs into the PVDF polymer, higher portion of β‐phase PVDF can be obtained, which shows higher piezoelectricity resulting in higher electric charge generating performance. Higher conductivity is also obtained by surface treatment of the PEDOT:PSS electrodes using EG solvent due to the removal of excess PSS in the electrodes. Highly conductive electrode makes effective mobility of charges generated from the CNT/PVDF film, resulting in higher generating performance. Consequently, higher generating performance can be achieved by collaborating the above two approaches.     

Reinforcement of electroactive characteristics in polyvinylidene fluoride electrospun nanofibers by intercalation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

This research work reports on development and characterization of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-doped polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) nanofibers by the electrospinning method. PVDF is an extensively studied polymer both theoretically and experimentally due to its appealing ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric properties which strongly favors its promising applications in the development of micro/nanostructure devices. The foremost reason for its ferroelectric and piezoelectric behaviors has been attributed to its crystalline structure, specifically the presence of β-phase; however, the existence of the small percentage of β-phase in pristine PVDF limits its applications. To enhance the electroactive features in the PVDF, MWCNTs have been doped in it to prepare electrospun nanofibers, as electrospinning is a single-step approach. These nonwoven nanofibers were prepared at a DC voltage of 20 kV which were subsequently calcined at 100 °C for 12 h. The estimation of crystal structure and phase identification in these nanofibers have been determined by attenuated FT-IR and XRD, while the morphology, microstructure, mean diameter, and length have been examined by FE-SEM. The observed electrical conductivity, capacitance, permittivity (ε), conductivity (δ), and impedance (Z) in these samples have been tailored by doping a range of MWCNT contents and optimizing the experimental conditions.     

Carbon nanotubes/polyaniline nanocomposite coatings: Preparation,rheological behavior,and their application in paper surface treatment

Conventional cellulosic paper, rendered electro‐conductive, may hold considerable promise for diversified applications in such areas as electro‐magnetic interference shielding and energy storage. Here, an electro‐conductive cellulosic paper was prepared by surface application of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites onto a conventional base paper. MWCNTs/PANI nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization of aniline with different contents of MWCNTs and used as electro‐conductive filler for the fabrication of electro‐conductive surface‐coated paper. The achieved MWCNTs/PANI nanocomposites exhibited a core‐shell structure, as evidenced by TEM. Effects of feeding ratios of MWCNTs on the rheological behavior of nanocomposite coatings, as well as the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of surface‐coated paper were studied. Results revealed that the rheological behavior of the nanocomposite coatings showed strong dependence on the MWCNTs content. Moreover, both the electro‐conductivity and mechanical properties of surface‐coated paper were improved as a function of surface application of MWCNTs/PANI nanocomposites, particularly, in presence of an optimum content of MWCNTs. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46329.     

Controlling the architecture of nanofiber‐coated microfibers using electrospinning

This study shows that electrospinning nanofibers onto single microfibers allows for careful tailoring of material properties that may suit a wide variety of applications. The nanofiber‐coated microfibers are created by electrospinning nanofibers alongside a microfiber toward a collector that rotates around the microfiber. This force the nanofibers to be collected around the microfiber, creating a hierarchical structure that can be modified at nano scale. In this study, control of nanofiber diameters, nanofiber alignment, and nanofiber loading was evaluated. It was seen that varying polymer concentration affected the nanofiber diameters, collecting the nanofiber‐coated microfibers at different speeds changed the degree of alignment of the nanofibers and that changing the polymer feeding rate affected the loading density of the nanofibers collected. The carefully designed nanofiber‐coated microfibers have great potential in creation of highly porous materials with tailored properties down to nano scale. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

The improved electrical conductivity of carbon nanofibers by fluorinated MWCNTs

In order to increase the conductivity of carbon nanofiber sheet, conductive multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was added into the carbon fibers. The dispersion of MWCNTs into the fibers and adhesion between carbon fibers and MWCNTs were improved through fluorine modification on surface of MWCNTs. By fluorination treatment, hydrophobic functional group was introduced on the surface of MWCNTs improving the affinity on interface between two carbon materials. These nanofibers made by electrospinning method were treated at different temperature in order to investigate the effect of temperature. According to the increment of temperature, the better conductivity of carbon nanofibers sheet was obtained due to the better oriented carbon structure. Eventually, the improved conductivity of carbon nanofiber sheet was resulted showing 27 S/cm.     

Remarkable change in the broadband electrical behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride)–multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites with the use of different processing routes

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanocomposites have plenty of applications in the electronic realm. In this study, we produced nanocomposites based on PVDF and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), with various MWCNT loadings, using three different processing routes: solution mixing, melt mixing, and electrospinning. The broadband electrical behavior of these nanocomposites was studied and compared via impedance spectroscopy. The morphologies of the nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results reveal that the electrical behaviors of the samples were completely different according to the processing route used. Solution mixing was the most suitable method for producing nanocomposites with the highest conductivities, at low MWCNT loadings, whereas electrospinning was the most suitable method for producing nanocomposites with the lowest dielectric permittivity. These differences were attributed to the different arrangements of the MWCNTs caused by the different processes. Although the solution-mixed samples exhibited long and twisted MWCNTs, the melt-mixed samples had shorter MWCNTs, and the electrospun samples had MWCNTs embedded and aligned inside the insulating polymer nanofibers. Thus, these results project a vast horizon for tailoring the structure and thereby the broadband electrical behavior of PVDF–MWCNT nanocomposites for different types of applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47409.