新规范构件设计中的荷载组合

本文介绍新规范中的承载能力极限状态下和正常使用极限状态下的荷载组合，以及在各种荷载组合时选取主导活何载应注意的问题。     

荷载取值费思量——《荷载规范》学习心得

对《建筑结构荷载规范》的一些条文，从规范确定楼面均布活荷载的原则出发，提出一些看法和建议。     

公路桥梁荷载试验的荷载组合问题探讨

桥梁荷载试验是评价桥梁结构承载能力和动力特性的重要方式之一,荷载组合的选择直接影响试验检验结果的合理性与准确性。针对规范中公路桥梁荷载试验控制荷载的荷载组合问题,基于对规范相关内容进行梳理与研究,给出了桥梁静载试验中控制荷载的建议荷载组合,研究讨论了3种典型桥梁下桥梁静载试验荷载组合的选择,并计算了标准组合与频遇组合下桥梁静载主要测试截面的荷载效率。研究结果表明,桥梁静载试验中控制荷载的建议荷载组合,原则上应遵循“老桥按老标准,新桥按新标准”理念,特殊情况下荷载组合可根据桥梁设计年代以及实际情况选择标准组合或频遇组合。     

结构设计中的荷载组合

讨论了在保证结构可靠性的基础上,如何为结构设计构建合理的荷载组合规则的问题,文中介绍了国际上普遍采用的等时段荷载模型及其相应的组合理论,给出荷载分项系数和组合值系数的理论公式,并说明了如何将它应用在修订的荷载规范中。     

海上风机荷载计算及组合研究

通过研究国内、外的相关规范,确定了国内、外规范涉及到的波浪、水流、冰、撞击力、地震等荷载的计算方法及荷载组合,具有较强的通用性。     

中美规范关于钢结构厂房的荷载组合比较

本文介绍了美国IBC规范的荷载组合,并介绍在单层门式轻钢厂房设计中,主要考虑的荷载和荷载组合,并与中国规范进行对比。     

核电站常规岛主厂房荷载取值及组合探讨

通过对我国第一个百万千瓦级核电自主化工程的核电站常规岛主厂房整体计算的设计实例,总结归纳出主厂房计算时荷载的取值及不同类型工况下的荷载组合,为以后类似工程提供了设计参考,探讨核电站的主厂房荷载取值及荷载组合更安全可靠、经济合理的方案。     

偶然荷载工况作用下LNG储罐荷载的选取及组合

偶然荷载工况作用下大型液化天然气储罐的结构分析是大型LNG储罐技术研发的重要组成部分,而目前偶然荷载工况的荷载取值无据可依。本文针对这一问题,参考了欧洲标准、美国规范以及建筑荷载规范中的相关规定,指出了偶然荷载工况作用下所需考虑的荷载类型,并提出了具体可行的荷载组合公式,以服务于国内大型LNG储罐的开发和设计工作。     

基于英标BS5400的素混凝土T形桥台计算

结合斯里兰卡马特拉至必利尔塔铁路某桥,依据英标BS5400要求的荷载和荷载组合对该桥素混凝土T形桥台的基底截面应力、抗滑稳定性和抗倾覆稳定性进行了检算。结果显示,在运营极限状态（SLS）和破坏极限状态（ULS）下,以上各项指标均满足英国规范要求。     

Load combination in codes

This paper presents a study of load combination especially the simplified method with reduced combination values which is used in many codes. The study is performed through calculation of combination values according to probabilistic principles. A stationary uncorrelated random sequence according to the Ferry Borges-Castanheta load process model is used for each one of the two individual loads which are combined. The influence of different factors are studied such as type of probability distribution of the load, its coefficient of variation, the ratio between the magnitudes of the two loads, the probability of load occurrence and the average number of load occurrencies during a chosen reference time. The results of the calculations indicate that the type of probability distribution and its coefficient of variation have fairly great influence. Changes of the probability of occurrence of the magnitude of 5 to 10 times or more may have a considerable influence. The influence of the number of load occurrencies is noticeable but generally not very important.     

Load combination and related fatigue reliability problems

After a general formulation for the load combination problem is sketched, attention is focused on the practical rules to be used in structural design. Three main aspects are found to require further developments:

1. 1. the flexibility of the combination rule to incorporate special situations;

2. 2. the load factor calibration;

3. 3. the understanding of the features the load combination idealization requires when the reliability against a fatigue limit state is studied.

A discussion of these three items forms the core of the paper. Some numerical simulations are also carried out in order to exemplify the fatigue reliability problem.     

浅谈桥梁静动载试验检测方法

指出桥梁静动载试验是分析桥梁特性的重要手段,在综述静动载试验的主要项目、试验目的、试验方法和注意事项的基础上,提出了静动载试验的改进方面和发展方向,以期为桥梁的安全运营、维护、加固、改建奠定基础。     

库房楼面等效均布活荷载的确定

按照GB 50009-2012建筑结构荷载规范附录C中等效均布活荷载确定的原则,以某工程仓库的双向板等效均布活荷载的确定为实例,讨论了双向板的等效均布活荷载的确定方法,对今后的设计工作具有一定的借鉴意义。     

公路预应力混凝土大悬臂盖梁的计算

通过上海A4高速公路跨越黄浦江的奉浦大桥引桥工程实例,介绍了公路预应力混凝土大悬臂盖梁的受力模式和设计计算方法,对计算结果进行了分析,得出了该方法合理可行的结论.     

大型超市楼面等效活荷载的确定

通过对某大型超市楼面活荷载的调查分析,对其楼面活荷载设计取值提出建议。     

多层工业厂房可变荷载地震组合值系数的取值

当多层工业厂房采用等效均布楼面活荷载计算重力荷载代表值时,GB50011-2001(2008年版)《建筑抗震设计规范》均未明确规定对应的可变荷载地震组合值系数ψEC的取值。文中通过2个典型工程算例的比较,发现ψEC对多层工业厂房地震作用计算结果影响较明显,并探讨ψEC的取值原则和提出若干建议,可供多层工业厂房抗震设计参考。     

Effects of geometrical shape and incremental loads on scaffold systems

This paper investigates the influence of geometry-dependent loads and time-dependent incremental loads on the scaffolding systems with different configurations. The loading types considered are the uniform load, geometry-dependent load and incremental load. The geometry-dependent loads include the trapezoidal and triangular loads. Further, the mixed and bare scaffold systems with and without wooden posts at top are considered under the rectangle, L and U configurations on plan. It was found that the mixed scaffold system with wooden posts of typical length 1.7 m at top had a buckling resistance of only half of the bare scaffold system without wooden posts. Also, the largest deformation in the bare scaffold is found to be near the upper joint of the lowest scaffold layer and, in the mixed scaffolding system, the largest deflection occurs at the location between the bottom of the wooden post and top of the highest scaffold layer. Both systems buckle in the in-plane direction of the scaffolds. The critical load of a 3-bay 5-row 3-storey mixed scaffold system is considered under uniform load and its buckling resistance is found to be invariant under geometry-dependent loads and incremental loads. The buckling resistances of increasing the number of bays in the bare and mixed scaffold systems under the uniform load effect are much greater than choosing a particular geometrical L or U configuration.