Blocks World revisited

Contemporary AI shows a healthy trend away from artificial problems towards real-world applications. Less healthy, however, is the fashionable disparagement of “toy” domains: when properly approached, these domains can at the very least support meaningful systematic experiments, and allow features relevant to many kinds of reasoning to be abstracted and studied. A major reason why they have fallen into disrepute is that superficial understanding of them has resulted in poor experimental methodology and consequent failure to extract useful information. This paper presents a sustained investigation of one such toy: the (in)famous Blocks World planning problem, and provides the level of understanding required for its effective use as a benchmark. Our results include methods for generating random problems for systematic experimentation, the best domain-specific planning algorithms against which AI planners can be compared, and observations establishing the average plan quality of near-optimal methods. We also study the distribution of hard/easy instances, and identify the structure that AI planners must be able to exploit in order to approach Blocks World successfully.     

基于组态软件的过程控制虚拟实验设计

通过分析目前高等学校中采用的传统过程控制实验模式存在的一些问题,提出了一种利用力控组态软件对过程控制实验设备虚拟化的设计方法,并通过力控软件自带的控制策略功能对其中两个实验进行了算法搭建。结果表明该方法可以有效地对过程控制实验进行软件仿真。另外,文章还提出了在此基础上实现B/S模式下学生通过网络进行远程实验的思路。     

Methods and theory for off-line machine learning

Many problems in machine learning can be abstracted to the sequential design task of finding the minimum of an unknown erratic and possibly discontinuous function on the basis of noisy measurements. In the present work, it is presumed that there is no penalty for bad choices during the experimental stage, and at some time, not known to the decision maker, or under his control, the experimentation will be terminated, and the decision maker will need to specify the point considered best, on the basis of the experimentation. In this paper, we seek the best trade-off between: i) acquiring new test points, and ii) retesting at points previously selected so as to improve the estimates of relative performance. The algorithm is shown to achieve a performance standard described herein. This decision setting would seem natural for function minimization in a simulation contest or for tuning up a production process prior to putting it into service     

分布式非接触IC卡机房管理系统设计与实现

提出采用非接触IC卡进行计算机上机收费的一种自动化管理应用方案,描述了基于多层次C/S结构的分布式计算机网络管理系统的设计思想和实现方法.讨论了多层C/S结构、消息触发、分布式等关键技术和原理.实际应用表明,该系统运行稳定,极大提高了机房管理工作效率.     

Identifying requirements for communication support: A maturity grid-inspired approach

Communication is a critical success factor in design. It can be seen as the social and cognitive process by which information is selected, messages are exchanged between interacting partners, and meaning is created. How communication processes can best be captured, analysed and assessed, as a preliminary step toward suggestions for improvement of communication practices, remains a challenge for researchers and practitioners. To this end, a maturity grid-inspired approach to audit communication practices has been developed. This paper employs a maturity grid approach and reflects critically on the construction and application of the approach in a structured group workshop in software design. Such an approach yields dual benefits: (a) as a research method to gather insight into communication and (b) as a guide to plan improvements in practice. Conclusions are drawn for the process of auditing communication in design.     

Primary and secondary diagnosis of multi-agent plan execution

Diagnosis of plan failures is an important subject in both single- and multi-agent planning. Plan diagnosis can be used to deal with plan failures in three ways: (i) to provide information necessary for the adjustment of the current plan or for the development of a new plan, (ii) to point out which equipment and/or agents should be repaired or adjusted to avoid further violation of the plan execution, and (iii) to identify the agents responsible for plan-execution failures. We introduce two general types of plan diagnosis: primary plan diagnosis identifying the incorrect or failed execution of actions, and secondary plan diagnosis that identifies the underlying causes of the faulty actions. Furthermore, three special cases of secondary plan diagnosis are distinguished, namely agent diagnosis, equipment diagnosis and environment diagnosis.     

SOCKET通信平台的设计与实现

ＴＣＰ／ＩＰ协议的传输层提供了ＳＯＣＫＥＴ接口，供用户编程访问网络核心资源。但ＳＯＣＫＥＴ调用参数繁多，使用复杂，不便于用户直接使用，尤其是非网络专业用户。为解决这个问题，我们在ＳＯＣＫＥＴ接口上开发了一套ＳＯＣＫＥＴ通信平台原语，可应用于图像数据传输、远程数据库的访问等领域，也可以用于开发符合Ｃｌｉｅｎｔ／Ｓｅｒｖｅｒ模型或ＰＰＰ模型的网络应用系统。用户可以在自己的程序中调用通信平台，实现异种机     

基于FPGA的AFDX端系统协议栈虚链路层的研究与实现

AFDX具有传输速率高、导线长度和重量小、容易映射ARINC429和MIL-STD-1553等优势,且应用商用货架技术和开放式标准,是下一代航空数据网络的最佳选择之一;协议栈是AFDX端系统设计的重点,协议栈的虚链路层包含了AFDX为消除网络的不确定性,对商用以太网进行改进而加入的新功能,是协议栈设计的关键;本文对AFDX协议栈的虚链路层进行了研究,给出了它的一种设计并使用FPGA对其进行了实现;在端系统研制中的应用表明,本文的研究实现了虚链路层的功能,并达到了AFDX标准的要求。     

Point cloud matching using singular value decomposition

We propose a simple, fast three-dimensional (3D) matching method that determines the best rotation matrix between non-corresponding point clouds (PCs) with no iterations. An estimated rotation matrix can be derived by the two following steps: (1) the singular value decomposition is applied to a measured data matrix, and a database matrix is constructed from the PC datasets; (2) the inner product of each left singular vector is used to produce the estimated rotation. Through experimentation, we demonstrate that the proposed method executes 3D PC matching with <4 % of the computational time of the iterative closest point algorithm with nearly identical accuracy.     

A systematic mapping study on best practices for domain-specific modeling

Model-driven software development comes in different styles. While standard-based approaches leverage existing language standards (e.g., UML), tooling, and development processes, domain-specific modeling (DSM) requires languages and tool support to be created prior to the actual software development. The design, implementation, and testing of languages and tool support require a wide spectrum of methods and techniques which introduce complexity and new challenges. To tackle these DSM-specific challenges, best practices have been collected from various application domains and published in literature to guide the development and application of DSM solutions. It is the goal of this paper to identify studies reporting best practices on domain-specific modeling. Moreover, a systematic and comprehensive compilation of best practices should act as a starting point to identify literature that facilitates industrial adoption of DSM. To search for literature and classify identified studies, we conduct a systematic mapping study (SMS). Furthermore, we perform an in-depth analysis of the identified studies to answer how practices overlap, complement, or contradict each other. The systematic search resulted in 21 studies reporting 321 best practices. From these 321 practices, we compiled 192 unique best practices. We found that the DSM community created a substantial corpus of best practices for DSM. The large majority of practices (75%) are only reported once. The top best practices by number of reports contain only practices that are reported at least four times. However, the frequency of reports does not necessarily imply a high importance of practice, as the application of practices is always context specific.     

Optimized temporal monitors for SystemC

SystemC is a modeling language built as an extension of C++. Its growing popularity and the increasing complexity of designs have motivated research efforts aimed at the verification of SystemC models using assertion-based verification (ABV), where the designer asserts properties that capture the design intent in a formal language such as PSL or SVA. The model then can be verified against the properties using runtime or formal verification techniques. In this paper we focus on automated generation of runtime monitors from temporal properties. Our focus is on minimizing runtime overhead, rather than monitor size or monitor-generation time. We identify four issues in monitor generation: state minimization, alphabet representation, alphabet minimization, and monitor encoding. We conduct extensive experimentation and identify a combination of settings that offers the best performance in terms of runtime overhead.     

基于Web的多媒体教学资源应用系统的开发与研究

阐述了基于web的多媒体教学资源应用系统在教学环节中的意义,比较了C/S结构和B/S结构在网络应用开发中的优缺点.在此基础上对基于WEB技术的多媒体教学资源应用系统进行了开发与研究,重点介绍了该系统的设计方案,所采用的主要技术,以及该系统所能实现的功能.     

Concepts,methods, and languages for building timely intelligent systems

We describe the ABE/RT toolkit—a set of design, development, and experimentation tools for building time-stressed intelligent systems-and its use for the Lockheed Pilot's Associate application. We use the termtimely systems to refer to systems with hard real-time requirements for interacting with a human operator or other agents with similar time-scales. The ABE/RT methodology is based on a philosophy of rigorous engineering design in which the application developer works to guarantee the system's timeliness by identifying the various events which require timely responses, determining the worst-case frequencies of these events and the deadlines and durations of the tasks that respond to the events, and then verifying that the run-time system has enough processing resources to complete all mandatory taks by their deadlines. We believe this is the only way in the near-term to build complex real-time intelligent systems that will be reliable enough for critical applications with demanding users. The ABE/RT Toolkit contains a set of languages for specifying the structure and behavior of timely systems, together with tools to simulate those models, log and analyze data collected during simulation runs, predict an application's performance on a specified target hardware architecture, and deploy the application on the target architecture.This research was partially funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, 1400 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA 22209, under contracts F30602-85-C-0135 and F33615-85-C-3804, administered by the Air Force Systems Command, Rome Air Development Center and the Air Force Cockpit Technology Directorate, Wright Research and Development Center, respectively. Use of this material, including copying, by the U.S. government is permitted in accordance with the terms of those contracts.     

基于Web的多媒体教学资源应用系统的开发与研究

阐述了基于web的多媒体教学资源应用系统在教学环节中的意义,比较了C/S结构和B/S结构在网络应用开发中的优缺点。在此基础上对基于WEB技术的多媒体教学资源应用系统进行了开发与研究,重点介绍了该系统的设计方案,所采用的主要技术,以及该系统所能实现的功能。     

激光扫描车身测量传感器靶标识别体系的研究

介绍了四光束激光扫描测量车身三维坐标的系统构成和基本原理,从系统PIN预处理输出的靶标回射信号的特点出发,为汽车车身测量传感器设计了基于条形码识别原理的合作靶标识别体系,最多可同时对27个测量点进行有效识别,确保传感器的精度要求和效率要求,达到了很好的实验效果。     

The effect of competences on learning results an educational experience with a business simulator

Business games constitute a relevant e-learning method in management training. Their use and application has grown progressively, especially in business schools, universities and professional associations all over the world. The main reason for their popularity is that business games are seen as learning tools that allow students to acquire certain skills and competences above and beyond the skills fostered by other online or face-to-face methodologies. This study aims to analyse the relationship between generic competences and the learning results perceived by students in a business game. Analysis of the skills acquired using business simulators provides a wide field for potential future experimentation. The design of education plans is based entirely on the developing these skills. This study helps identify and assess which competencies are most linked to achieving the best learning outcomes, based on the value that students place on them, their satisfaction with them and their expectations of them. Only 16 of the 23 generic skills have a significant impact on achieving any of the objectives of the study variables.     

基于嵌入式系统的串行设备远程监控系统

本文借鉴了IT领域中常见的远程监控的实施方案。从应用的角度出发设计出了一种实时、可靠的串行设备远程监控系统,使原本不具备联网功能并分散各地的串行设备连接到以太网中,充分利用现有的Internet资源进行数据传输和管理。通过研究嵌入式S3C2440模块的串口以太网通讯,设计了软件的实现方案,在串口以太网通讯中应用多线程技术,实现了串行设备的串行协议与TCP/IP协议的转换。方案中利用OpenVPN建立远程隧道链接,通过telnet远程登陆嵌入式平台,对嵌入式端进行监控。经过实验测试,串行数据在远程监控的计算机上具有良好的一致性,实现了对串行设备的监控。     

Fixed point iteration in identifying bilinear models

Inspired by fixed point theory, an iterative algorithm is proposed to identify bilinear models recursively in this paper. It is shown that the resulting iteration is a contraction mapping on a metric space when the number of input–output data points approaches infinity. This ensures the existence and uniqueness of a fixed point of the iterated function sequence and therefore the convergence of the iteration. As an application, one class of block-oriented systems represented by a cascade of a dynamic linear (L), a static nonlinear (N) and a dynamic linear (L) subsystems is illustrated. This gives a solution to the long-standing convergence problem of iteratively identifying LNL (Winer–Hammerstein) models. In addition, we extend the static nonlinear function (N) to a nonparametric model represented by using kernel machine.     

The multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform

The fractional Fourier transform （FRFT） has multiplicity, which is intrinsic in fractional operator. A new source for the multiplicity of the weight-type fractional Fourier transform （WFRFT） is proposed, which can generalize the weight coefficients of WFRFT to contain two vector parameters m,n ∈ Z^M . Therefore a generalized fractional Fourier transform can be defined, which is denoted by the multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform （MPFRFT）. It enlarges the multiplicity of the FRFT, which not only includes the conventional FRFT and general multi-fractional Fourier transform as special cases, but also introduces new fractional Fourier transforms. It provides a unified framework for the FRFT, and the method is also available for fractionalizing other linear operators. In addition, numerical simulations of the MPFRFT on the Hermite-Gaussian and rectangular functions have been performed as a simple application of MPFRFT to signal processing.     

Evolutionary Fuzzy‐based gravitational search algorithm for query optimization in crowdsourcing system to minimize cost and latency

Crowdsourcing is an environment where a group of users collaborates together to exchange information and to find answers for complex problems (queries). Query optimization is the task of selecting the best query strategy with less cost associated with it. The crowdsourcing cost can be determined by selecting the best plan from the set of options available and the best plan considerably reduce the cost for the inquiry configuration. As one of the center tasks in information recovery, the investigation of top‐k queries with crowdsourcing, to be specific group empowered top k inquiries is depicted. This issue is defined with three key variables, latency, money related expense, and nature of answers. The fundamental point is to plan a novel system that limits financial cost when the latency is compelled. In this article, we used a heuristic search algorithm named as Evolutionary Fuzzy‐based Gravitational Search algorithm (EFGSA) that produces an optimal query feature selection results with minimizing cost and latency. EFGSA‐based crowdsourcing framework gives a better balance between latency and cost while generating query plans. The performance analysis of proposed EFSGA for optimal query plan is evaluated in terms of running time, accuracy, monetary cost, and so on. From the experimental results, the proposed method achieved better results than other methods in our cost and latency model.