微晶刚玉砂轮缓进给磨削镍基高温合金GH4169及花键研究

镍基高温合金GH4169作为一种典型的难加工材料,已被广泛应用于航空发动机各类零部件。微晶刚玉砂轮以其优异的自锐性正被逐渐用于磨削加工航空材料。为优选加工高温合金涡轮轴花键的砂轮,使用SG、5SG和TG三种磨料的微晶刚玉砂轮开展高温合金缓进给磨削试验,研究磨料种类对磨削力、磨削温度和表面粗糙度的影响规律。研究结果表明:缓进给磨削高温合金GH4169时,5SG磨料微晶刚玉砂轮的磨削力和温度最小,TG磨料砂轮次之,SG磨料砂轮最大。三种磨料砂轮磨削后的工件表面粗糙度值R_a均在0.3 μm以下。最后,选用5SG磨料微晶刚玉砂轮加工高温合金花键样件,各项检测结果均能满足指标要求。      

微晶陶瓷刚玉砂轮对微电机转子轴的磨削性能评价

针对目前微电机转子轴无心外圆磨过程中砂轮修整频繁的问题,采用微晶陶瓷刚玉砂轮替代传统刚玉砂轮磨削微电机转子轴。通过搭建平面磨削工艺平台,参考无心磨砂轮修整及其磨削加工参数,从磨削温度、工件表面粗糙度、表面微观形貌、磨削比等方面,对比分析微晶陶瓷刚玉砂轮与传统刚玉砂轮的磨削性能。结果表明:相对传统刚玉砂轮,微晶陶瓷刚玉砂轮不仅有效改善磨削温度（降低38.5％）,提高工件表面加工质量（表面粗糙度降低78.6％）,还具有较高的砂轮磨削比（提高2.2倍）。选用微晶陶瓷刚玉砂轮对微电机转子轴进行无心磨生产线验证,结果表明:微电机转子轴无心磨样件的各项检测结果均满足实际生产指标要求,且较传统刚玉砂轮延长了1.6倍的修整周期,在提高加工质量的同时,显著提高了生产效率。      

微晶刚玉砂轮磨削钛合金TC17试验研究

使用大气孔与普通气孔两种微晶刚玉砂轮开展钛合金磨削试验,研究磨削参数与气孔尺寸对磨削工件表面完整性的影响。试验结果表明:砂轮转速27m/s,磨削深度10μm时,可获得较好的表面质量;同普通砂轮相比,大气孔微晶刚玉砂轮磨削钛合金工件的表面质量更好、微观组织变化和表面残余应力更小。大气孔砂轮具有较好的容屑、排屑、冷却能力,使磨削温度降低、磨削力减小,是获得较好表面完整性的主要原因。     

微晶刚玉砂轮磨削钛合金TC17磨削力研究

针对航空发动机常用材料钛合金TC17,采用白刚玉砂轮与微晶刚玉砂轮开展磨削试验,研究微晶刚玉砂轮对工件表面质量和磨削力大小的影响规律。试验结果表明:微晶刚玉砂轮磨削后工件表面质量更好,表面粗糙度值降低0.14 μm,磨削力降低10%左右。针对微晶刚玉砂轮进行磨削参数对磨削力影响规律的单因素试验,从磨削力角度分析微晶刚玉砂轮磨削钛合金的合理工艺参数。综合磨削力与加工效率因素,确定磨削钛合金TC17的合理参数为:砂轮线速度v_s=27 m/s、磨削深度a_p=0.01 mm、工件进给速度v_w=12 m/min;对磨削力试验数据进行多元线性回归分析,建立了法向磨削力和切向磨削力的回归模型。      

砂轮再生砂的优越性

一、什么叫砂轮再生砂砂轮再生砂分陶瓷砂轮再生砂、树脂砂轮再生砂和橡胶砂轮再生砂三大类。根据各种材质的不同与用途,每类又分多种品种,每类砂轮再牛砂的原材料分棕、白、铬、锆、黑刚玉砂轮,单、微晶刚玉砂轮与黑、绿碳化硅砂轮和白刚玉掺氧化铁红砂轮等多种磨料废砂轮组成。各种磨料都有其独特磨削的优越性。     

刚玉砂轮缓进深切磨削K444镍基高温合金研究

为评价K444高温合金的磨削加工性能,采用棕刚玉砂轮和白刚玉砂轮进行磨削试验,对比分析其磨削力、磨削比能、磨削工件的表面形貌和表面粗糙度以及砂轮磨损.结果表明:相比于白刚玉砂轮,棕刚玉砂轮的磨削力更小,磨削后工件表面粗糙度低,其表面粗糙度Ra在0.206～0.455μm,更易获得光滑的磨削表面.对表面粗糙度的敏感度分析...     

缓进深切磨削钛基复合材料磨削温度的研究

颗粒增强钛基复合材料（PTMCs）是具有高强度、高硬度和良好耐热性的新型金属基复合材料,在航空航天领域具有广阔应用前景。针对PTMCs材料极易发生的磨削烧伤问题,开展PTMCs材料的缓进深切磨削研究,对磨削过程中磨削温度和工件表面形貌的变化规律进行了分析。利用有限元温度仿真的方法,研究缓进深切磨削PTMCs传入工件的热量比例。结果显示:缓进深切磨削PTMCs过程中,磨削深度大于0.6 mm时容易发生烧伤;当工件材料表面发生严重烧伤时会产生裂纹;随着磨削深度增大,加工表面形貌逐渐变差。      

钢轨材料高速进给干磨砂轮性能研究

钢轨修磨是修复钢轨损伤的主要方式。相比于普通磨削,钢轨修磨对砂轮的磨削加工性能提出了特殊的要求。依据钢轨铣磨车作业工况,设定磨削参数,对不同砂轮进行试验研究,优选符合作业要求的砂轮。试验结果表明:树脂结合剂混合刚玉磨料砂轮耐磨性较好,砂轮的表面有轻微黏附型堵塞;陶瓷结合剂白刚玉大气孔砂轮的磨削效率和耐磨性综合性能较好,砂轮的表面有轻微黏附型堵塞;陶瓷结合剂微晶刚玉砂轮的自锐性好,干磨削效率高,但耐用度极低。      

刚玉磨料显微试样的磨削工艺研究

采用超细树脂金刚石砂轮直接磨削及手工研磨2种方式,对锆刚玉(ZA)、微晶刚玉(SG)、棕刚玉(A)和黑刚玉(BA)4种刚玉类磨料试样制样,通过对其表面粗糙度、显微硬度及表面形貌的对比分析,研究了2种制样方式的质量和效率,并优化了4种刚玉类磨料试样直接磨削制样的工艺参数。结果表明:直接磨削的刚玉类磨料试样表面粗糙度R_a、R_z及显微硬度与手工研磨制样的基本一致,但前者的制样效率比后者高至少2倍;ZA、SG和A磨料直接选用粗磨、精磨工序即可满足显微硬度测试要求,而BA磨料则在粗磨、精磨工序基础上,再增加光磨2次工序,也可达到显微硬度测试要求。      

CBN砂轮磨削薄壁球轴承内圈滚道的试验研究

提出了用立方氮化硼(CBN)砂轮代替传统的微晶刚玉砂轮磨削薄壁球轴承内圈滚道的方法,探讨了不同工艺参数对工件表面粗糙度和圆度精度的影响.试验结果表明,当CBN砂轮粒度变细时,可以明显改善磨削表面粗糙度,而对工件圆度值的影响较小;随着进给量增大,加工表面粗糙度值和滚道圆度误差值均增大;随着磨削速比降低加工表面粗糙度值增大.得出了最佳工艺参数为:磨削速比值ν工/ν砂=1/24,磨削进给量0.6 mm/min,砂轮粒度80#;其加工效果为:滚道圆度值由4μm稳定降低至2.5μm范围内,表面粗糙度由Ra 0.42 μm降低至Ra 0.28μm,尺寸一致性提高37%,无烧伤现象;生产率比微晶刚玉磨削提高40倍以上,砂轮耐用度提高50倍以上.     

磨粒有序排布曲面砂轮设计及磨削性能实验研究

提出一种曲面砂轮表面磨粒有序化排布的设计方法,制备磨粒有序排布和无序排布的2种曲面砂轮.通过磨削实验,从磨削力、砂轮磨损及工件加工形状误差等3个方面对比研究.结果表明:在整个磨削过程中,磨粒有序排布的曲面砂轮的磨削力总体上小于磨粒无序排布的曲面砂轮的磨削力.磨粒有序排布曲面砂轮的磨粒磨损一致性优于无序排布曲面砂轮的.整...     

不同CBN砂轮高速加工PTMCs的磨削性能对比

为分析CBN砂轮高速磨削颗粒增强钛基复合材料(particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites,PTMCs)的磨削性能,采用3种CBN砂轮开展PTMCs的高速磨削试验,对比研究其磨削力、温度、表面粗糙度及表面形貌。结果表明:相对陶瓷砂轮,钎焊砂轮的法向磨削力减小16.2%～40.4%、切向力减小25.2%～44.4%,磨削温度降低了26.0%～74.3%;相对电镀砂轮,钎焊砂轮的法向磨削力减小7.1%～31.1%、切向力减小23.3%～31.1%,磨削温度降低了14.5%～58.9%;钎焊砂轮在加工中表现出了最低的磨削力和温度,获得了最低的表面粗糙度和最好的表面质量,表面粗糙度可以达到0.60～0.77 μm。因此,在高速磨削PTMCs时,钎焊砂轮更具优势。      

结构化超硬磨料砂轮设计与制备研究进展

从减摩降力、导屑促排、储液换热的角度出发，探索结构化砂轮在降低磨削力及磨削温度、抑制工件表面热损伤、提高工件加工表面完整性等方面的有效方法。以砂轮表面/基体结构的几何形状、三维尺寸及排布方式等因素对磨削性能的影响为主线，对结构化砂轮设计、制备的基本原理与最新进展进行了全面的论述和总结，重点揭示了结构表征参数-砂轮磨削性能-工件表面质量的内在关联，深入剖析了结构化砂轮在磨削中的优越性，并预测了其未来发展趋势，旨在为推进超硬磨料结构化砂轮的设计及制备技术发展提供理论指导和实践经验。     

Influence of different grinding wheel and dressing roller specifications on grinding wheel wear

A targeted adjustment of the dressing results and the methodological influence of the dressing process on the non-stationary wear of a grinding wheel after dressing increases the productivity and the reproducibility of grinding processes. Despite the great economic importance of grinding processes with vitrified corundum grinding wheels and the great relevance of the dressing process for the application behavior of these grinding wheels, quantitative models are missing for the purposeful design of the dressing process. In previous studies, a dressing model was successfully developed which predicts the dressing force in the dressing process as well as the workpiece roughness and the grinding wheel wear behavior in a grinding process for a specific grinding wheel and form roller specification. However, a transferability of this model to other grinding wheel and form roller specifications is not possible because the influence of the grain size and the hardness of the grinding wheel as well as the dressing tool topography on the grinding wheel wear and thus on parameters of the dressing model are not known. The objective of this work was to extend the model to additional grinding wheel and form roller specifications to ensure a broad applicability of the model.     

Grain mill test for sintered microcrystalline aluminum oxide abrasive grains

In this contribution results from physical and technological testing of different sintered microcrystalline aluminum oxide abrasive grains are presented. For the physical testing an innovative test stand based on a grain mill was used. Significant differences of the measured friction forces were obtained for two different sintered microcrystalline abrasive grain types. In the technological testing vitrified grinding wheels were used for an external cylindrical profile grinding process. In the values of the grinding forces, the surface roughness and the profile deviation good correlations to the results from physical testing showed up. Also at grinding with a higher load coincident tendencies of the grinding force values were detectable. Drawing conclusions it can be declared that the results from the physical testing allow evaluating the grinding performance of the tested grain types. In further experiments the impact of different percentages of the microcrystalline grit was analyzed. It turned out that the friction forces in the physical testing increased accordingly with the percentage of microcrystalline grit while the grinding forces in the technological testing showed a non-linear interdependency to the percentage of microcrystalline grit. To give reasons for these effects an advanced approach for modeling the interdependencies of microcrystalline grit percentage was formulated.     

A study of grinding silicon nitride and cemented carbide materials with diamond grinding wheels

This paper presents selected results of the grinding of silicon nitride and cemented carbide materials with diamond grinding wheels, which will in later research be extended to the grinding of ceramic-cemented carbide compound drill tools. In these fundamental experiments four different types of diamond grinding wheels were used in face grinding processes. The diamond grinding wheels vary by the grain size, the grain concentration and the bonding material. The relevant influencing variables such as the cutting and feed speed and the coolant supply method were varied to investigate the effect on grinding of the two different workpiece materials, the brittle silicon nitride workpiece material and the ductile cemented carbide workpiece material. Some factors, which have significant effects, like the radial wear of the grinding wheel, the components of the grinding forces, the normal and the tangential grinding force, and the surface quality of the ground workpieces are discussed in detail.     

Investigation on minimum quantity lubricant-MQL grinding of 100Cr6 hardened steel using different abrasive and coolant–lubricant types

Large quantities of coolant–lubricants are still widely used in the metal working industry, generating high consumption and discard costs and impacting the environment. Alternatives to current practices are getting more serious consideration in response to environmental and operational cost pressures. In the grinding process, promising alternatives to conventional dry and fluid coolant applications are minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) or near dry grinding process. Despite several researches, there have been a few investigations about the influence of different types of coolant–lubricants and grinding wheels on the process results. The current study aims to show the effects of the above parameters on grinding performance such as grinding forces and surface quality. The tests have been performed in presence of fluid, air jet and eleven types of coolant–lubricants, as well as, in dry condition. The grinding wheels employed in this study were vitrified bond corundum, resin bond corundum and vitrified bond SG wheels. The results indicate that SG wheels and MQL oils have potential for the development of the MQL process in comparison to vitrified and resin bond corundums and water miscible oils. Also, the lowest thermal damages, material side flow on the ground surface and wheel loading were generated by using the SG grinding wheel in MQL grinding process.