激光微束穿刺法获得抗虫转基因油菜及其后代的研究

利用激光微束穿刺法将苏云金芽孢杆菌的毒蛋白 (δ endotoxin)基因导入了油菜 ,经聚合酶催化链式反应(PCR)和PCRSouthern杂交证明抗虫基因已导入油菜基因组中并能在T1 代得到遗传。对转基因植株进行了抗虫性测试 ,结果表明某些植株具有较好的抗虫性 ,并且这种抗虫性在T1 代仍能保持。实验结果表明抗虫基因已整合进油菜基因组并得到了稳定的遗传。     

5-杂氮-2’-脱氧胞苷调控UCHL1基因表达对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的：探讨5-杂氮-2’-脱氧胞苷（5-Aza—CdR）对人前列腺癌细胞（PC-3）株增殖和凋亡的影响及其可能机制。方法以2．5、5．0、10．0kenol／L的5-Aza—CAR作用于PC-3细胞48h后,采用流式细胞术（FCM）检测细胞凋亡率;逆转录聚合酶链式反应（tiT—PcR）检测UCHL1 mRNA表达;甲基化测序聚合酶链反应（BsP）检测UCHLlCpG岛的甲基化状态;蛋白质印迹法（Western Blot）检测UCHL1蛋白的表达。结果：5-Aza—CAR对PC-3细胞生长有抑制作用;与对照组相比细胞凋亡率明显增高（P〈0．01）;5-Aza—CdR处理细胞后UCHL1的启动子甲基化水平明显降低（P〈0．01）;UCHL1 mRNA表达水平显著上调（P〈0．01）;UCHL1蛋白表达水平上升（P〈0．01）。结论：5-Aza—CAR能诱导前列腺癌PC-3细胞株凋亡的作用,其机制可能是5-Aza—CdR能逆转PC-3细胞UCHLl启动子CpG岛的异常甲基化,诱导mRNA转录和蛋白的表达。     

GaSb晶体的高能N~＋注入及其光学性质

本文用低温光致发光光谱（ＰＬ）、椭圆偏振光谱（ＳＥ）、背散射及沟道技术（ＲＢＳ／Ｃ）、扫描电镜技术（ＳＥＭ）等研究了２ＭｅＶ高能Ｎ＋注入Ｇａｓｂ晶体损伤及其光学性质．结果表明高能Ｎ＋注入Ｇａｓｂ晶体不会产生反常膨胀（Ｓｗｅｌｌｉｎｇ），通过合理的退火可使注入样品晶格得到很好恢复．椭圆偏振光谱能准确反映注入样品晶格损伤情况，并与背散射结果吻合．用有效介质模型（ＥＭＡ）对椭偏谱进行似合可对注入损伤有定量的了解．     

SOI NMOSFET沟道热载流子的应力损伤

研究了沟道热载流子应力所引起的SOI NMOSFET的损伤．发现在中栅压应力（Vg≈Vd／2）和高栅压应力（Vg≈Vd）条件下,器件损伤表现出单一的幂律规律;而在低栅压应力（Vgs≈Vth）下,多特性的退化规律便会表现出来．同时,应力漏电压的升高、应力时间的延续都会导致退化特性的改变．这使预测SOI器件的寿命变得非常困难．     

基于PCA-ED的压电阻抗损伤指标提取方法

基于压电阻抗技术（EMI）进行碳纤维复合材料（CFRP）损伤实验研究,针对传统损伤指标均方根偏差（RMSD）、平均绝对偏差（MAPD）和相关系数偏差（CCD）对损伤的敏感度不高,易造成误判的问题,该文提出了一种结合主成分分析（PCA）与欧式距离（ED）的新损伤指标PCA-ED,并通过设计实验验证其对损伤的敏感性。搭建了CFRP损伤检测实验平台,设计了不同的损伤工况,测量不同损伤状态下压电换能器的电导曲线,使用PCA-ED与传统损伤指标进行损伤定量分析。实验结果表明,与传统损伤指标相比,PCA-ED指标对CFRP的损伤敏感度高。     

颅脑损伤病人早期肠内营养支持效果观察

目的：探讨颅脑损伤后行早期肠内营养支持的合理性及临床意义。方法：将40例重度颅脑损伤病人随机分成两组,实验组（早期肠内营养辅以肠外营养支持）、对照组（行完全胃肠外营养支持）。观察血糖、血清白蛋白（ALB）、外周血淋巴细胞总数（TLC）。结果：实验组曲糖控制程度、血浆白蛋白及外周血淋巴细胞总数优于对照组（P〈0．05）。实验组胃肠道并发症少于对照组。结论：颅脑损伤病人早期肠内营养辅以肠外营养支持能明显改善颅脑损伤病人的营养状况,促进胃肠功能的恢复,改善预后。     

基于WOFOST模型与遥感数据同化的油菜估产方法

在大区域尺度实现快速、精确的作物产量估测对我国粮食安全、作物种植结构调整、进出口贸易等具有重要意义。遥感技术的发展为农业估产领域带来了新的技术和手段。以湖北省油菜为研究对象，针对如何利用有限的地面观测数据进行大区域范围油菜产量估测的问题，结合遥感数据和气象数据，通过WOFOST模型进行数据同化，模拟油菜生长过程中的叶面积指数（LAI）变化，提取油菜关键生长期的LAI，以弥补大区域尺度数据的不足。之后，利用LAI作为中间量构建基于GF-1 WFV数据的大区域尺度油菜估产算法。研究发现，油菜蕾苔期和花期的综合LAI能够实现提前、准确的油菜产量预估，在蕾苔期SR植被指数与LAI相关性最好，在花期则是可见光大气阻抗（VARIgreen）植被指数与LAI相关性最好。为了验证估产算法的有效性和鲁棒性，在阳新县进行了测试。结果表明，与统计年鉴的产量数据相比估产误差低于6%，说明所提算法在大区域尺度油菜估产领域具有很强的潜力。     

高效AlxGa_（1—x）As／GaAs太阳电池的研制及辐照效应

用液相外延（ＬＰＥ）技术制备了全面积转换效率为１８．６５％（１．０８ｃｍ２，ＡＭ０，１ｓｕｎ）及１７．３３％（２×２ｃｍ２，ＡＭ０，１ｓｕｎ）的ＡｌｘＧａ１－ｘＡｓ／ＧａＡｓ（ｘ＞０．８）太阳电池，１ＭｅＶ电子辐照实验表明，浅结电池的抗辐照能力比深结的强，退火可以恢复辐照损伤．     

退火对CdZnTe晶体质量的影响

我们用红外透射光谱和X射线双晶衍射等，研究了退火对CdZnTe晶体质量的影响．结果表明，在Cd气氛中，700℃，退火5小时以上，能大量地去除晶片中的Te沉淀，提高其红外透射比；同时，退火也导致了晶片表面的损伤，损伤层为50～130μm．表面结构损伤的原因是，（1）Cd气氛中退火，CdZnTe晶体表面的Zn损失；（2）退火过程中，吸附在沉淀物周围的杂质，尤其是快扩散杂质，将随着沉淀相的消失而迁移到晶体的表面，从而破坏了表面的晶体结构．退火后，磨去损伤层，可将聚集在表面的这些杂质除去，更有利于外延生长或器件制备．     

数字同步网在S12系统中的实施

１数字同步网的一般概念１．１传输损伤在一个端到端的数字连接中,每一个环节都可能给被传送的数字信号带来损伤,这些损伤种类很多,如误码、抖动、滑动、时延、帧失步等,统称传输损伤。这些传输损伤使得被传送的通信业务信息质量变坏,甚至整个连接不能正常工作。数字网的同步是控制传输损伤的一个主要的途径。１．２滑动的产生数字信息码流在数字通信网中传送时,各种数字通信设备对信息码流需要经过写入和读出过程,如果写入和读出的速度不一致即产生了读写时差,就会出现漏读（丢失若干码元）或重读（插入若干码元）的现象,这种现象…     

Functional expression of rat VPAC1 receptor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was examined as host for heterologous expression of the G protein-coupled VPAC1 receptor. Rat VPAC1 receptor cDNA and two chimeric constructs encoding the yeast mating factor pre-pro alpha-leader peptide fused in-frame to rat VPAC1 receptor were expressed in yeast cells under control of a galactose inducible promoter. The rat VPAC1 receptor was fused to the HSV tag epitope to ensure proper immunological detection of the receptor. Crucial conditions for high-level expression of active rat VPAC1 receptor included growth in amino acid supplemented minimal medium, fusion to the yeast alpha-leader peptide and a temperature shift from 30 degrees C to 15 degrees C before promoter induction. Western blotting showed that the expressed receptor was highly glycosylated and a band of 47 kDa was obtained upon endoglycosidase H treatment. Binding with radioiodinated vasoactive intestinal polypeptide revealed a KD of 2.5 nM and an IC50 of 15 nM when displacing with unlabeled vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. VPAC1 receptor density quantified by Western blotting was 510 pmol/mg membrane protein of which only 66 pmol/mg were able to bind vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.     

双面印制电路的印刷、吸附、催化加成法制备工艺

开发出了一种双面印制电路板的加成法制备工艺,其具体流程包括：（1）在基板上需要双面导通的部位钻孔,并浸涂离子吸附功能油墨;（2）在基板双面印刷掩膜,暴露出线路图形与通孔部位;（3）基板浸入硝酸银溶液中,吸附银离子至图形和通孔表面;（4）除去掩膜,使用化学镀铜的方法使表面线路和通孔金属化,得到所需双面印制电路板。本工艺可以将双面印制电路线路和通孔一步加成制造,简化了工序,降低了成本,节约了材料。     

提高mdr1基因体外转染骨髓造血细胞效率的实验研究

目的：探讨mdrl基因体外转染兔骨髓造血细胞的条件及转染后在细胞中的功能性表达。方法：秋水仙碱（90ng／ml）筛选含人mdrlcDNA的产病毒包装细胞PA317-HaMDR1／A,制备浓缩病毒上清液并转染兔骨髓单个核细胞;分别用PCR法、免疫组织化学法和柔红霉素（daunorubicinDNR）排出试验检测mdr1基...     

Photoaddressable Alignment Layers for Fluorescent Polymers in Polarized Electroluminescence Devices

Liquid‐crystalline (LC) polyfluorenes have been successfully aligned on photoaddressable polymers (PAPs). This is the first example of the alignment of a LC main chain polymer on a photoaligned layer. The degree of molecular alignment in the fluorescent polyfluorene layer on top of an ultra‐thin PAP layer is shown to depend strongly on the chemical nature of the PAP. Good alignment with dichroic ratios of more than 10 was only achieved with PAPs containing liquid‐crystalline side chains. Patterning with laterally structured alignment was realized in several ways, utilizing reorientation with orthogonally polarized light. Thin PAP layers have further been utilized as hole‐conducting alignment layers in polymer light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) with polarized emission. In order to facilitate hole transport through the alignment layer, different concentrations of a hole‐transporting molecule (HTM) have been mixed into the PAP layer. These hole‐conducting alignment layers retained their aligning abilities even at HTM concentrations of 20 wt.‐%. LEDs with photometric polarization ratios in emission of up to 14 at a brightness of up to 200 cd/m² and an efficiency of 0.3 cd/A could be realized.     

利用激光微束穿刺法将GUS基因导入百脉根并获得转基因植物的研究

利用激光微束穿刺法将ｐＢＩ１２１质粒ＤＮＡ导入百脉根。该方法是用高渗缓冲液对百脉根子叶进行预处理，通过激光微束对子叶细胞进行穿刺，然后在卡那霉素培养基上筛选出具抗性的绿色小苗。转化植物在含卡那霉素浓度为１００μｇ／ｍｌ条件下筛选培养三代后，获四株转基因植物，取其中两株进行总ＤＮＡＰＣＲ扩增分析，皆为阳性。证实ＧＵＳ基因已导入百脉根中。通过研究建立了激光微束穿刺法转化百脉根的技术体系，从而证明该转化方法操作简便，重复性好，转化频率较高，为高等植物遗传转化提供了一个新途径     

稀土元素钕对油菜超微结构的影响

电镜观察表明：低浓度的钕对完全营养培养的油菜顶叶叶尖细胞的叶绿体片层结构有明赤的改善作用,而高浓度的钕会引起结构损坏。适当浓度的钕能对缺钙油菜苗受损的细胞有修复作用,这表明钕有部分替代钙的作用。钕对油菜主根根尖细胞的作用与对顶叶叶尖细胞作用类似,但对根细胞超微结构影响更为明显。     

克劳茨基棉组织培养胚胎发生与器官分化的扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜观察克劳茨基棉不同类型的愈伤组织和胚状体。结果表明克劳茨基棉花药诱导产生的愈伤组织可分为胚性愈伤组织和非胚性愈伤组织两类；克劳茨基棉组织培养植株再生存在着两条途径，即胚胎发生途径和器官分化途径；胚状体表面光滑，不定芽表面密生着大量的表皮毛。本文提出了在扫描电镜下鉴别胚状体、不定芽、不定根的形态依据     

芜菁花叶病毒(TuMV)侵染对寄主植物光合作用的影响

本文以青菜（Brassica chinensis)和芥菜（B.juncea)的健康株及接种芜菁花叶病毒（TuMV)的感病株为材料，比较测定了两者的光合作用参数、观察了细胞病变和叶绿体超微结构变化。结果表明：受病毒侵染青菜和芥菜的叶绿素含量、光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率比对照明显降低，Hill反应活性分别下降了64.49%和59.83%。病变细胞质内分布大量线形病毒粒子和柱状内含体，叶绿体片层结构发育差，淀粉粒积累减少，后期畸形肿胀，膜结构破裂直至解体。     

Segmentation of rodent whole-body dynamic PET images: an unsupervised method based on voxel dynamics

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a useful tool for pharmacokinetics studies in rodents during the preclinical phase of drug and tracer development. However, rodent organs are small as compared to the scanner's intrinsic resolution and are affected by physiological movements. We present a new method for the segmentation of rodent whole-body PET images that takes these two difficulties into account by estimating the pharmacokinetics far from organ borders. The segmentation method proved efficient on whole-body numerical rat phantom simulations, including 3-14 organs, together with physiological movements (heart beating, breathing, and bladder filling). The method was resistant to spillover and physiological movements, while other methods failed to obtain a correct segmentation. The radioactivity concentrations calculated with this method also showed an excellent correlation with the manual delineation of organs in a large set of preclinical images. In addition, it was faster, detected more organs, and extracted organs' mean time activity curves with a better confidence on the measure than manual delineation.     

Controlled Degradability of Polysaccharide Multilayer Films In Vitro and In Vivo

This article demonstrates the possibility of tuning the degradability of polysaccharide multilayer films in vitro and in vivo. Chitosan and hyaluronan multilayer films (CHI/HA) were either native or crosslinked using a water soluble carbodiimide, 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylamino‐propyl)carbodiimide (EDC) at various concentrations in combination with N‐hydroxysulfosuccinimide. The in‐vitro degradation of the films in contact with lysozyme and hyaluronidase was followed by quartz crystal microbalance measurements, fluorimetry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy after labeling of the chitosan with fluorescein isothiocyanate (CHI^FITC). The native films were subjected to degradation by these enzymes, and the crosslinked films were more resistant to enzymatic degradation. Films made of chitosan of medium molecular weight were more resistant than films made of chitosan‐oligosaccharides. The films were also brought in contact with plasma, which induced a change in film structure for the native film but did not have any effect on the crosslinked film. The in‐vitro study shows that macrophages can degrade all types of films and internalize the chitosan. The in‐vivo degradation of the films implanted in mouse peritoneal cavity for a week again showed an almost complete degradation of the native films, whereas the crosslinked films were only partially degraded. Taken together, these results suggest that polysaccharide multilayer films are of potential interest for in‐vivo applications as biodegradable coatings, and that degradation can be tuned by using chitosan of different molecular weights and by controlling film crosslinking.