基于行波固有频率的串补线路故障测距方法

串联电容及其非线性保护装置给串联补偿线路的故障测距带来了困难.在考虑串联电容及其保护装置对频率提取及边界条件影响的基础上,研究了基于行波固有频率的串补输电线路故障测距算法.该算法首先利用单端电流频率信息判断故障发生在串联电容前或串联电容后,对于发生在串联电容后的故障,需要考虑串联电容处的折反射对测距算法的影响,然后依据故障距离与固有频率、边界条件间的数学关系进行精确测距.大量仿真结果表明该算法不受故障距离、故障类型和过渡电阻的影响,具有良好的测距精度和适应性     

串补输电线路故障定位方法研究

串联补偿电容的使用使得线路的阻抗不再均匀,在具有串联补偿电容的输电线路中,由于氧化锌非线性电阻(MOV)的非线性特性,导致常规的故障测距方法不再适用.提出了一种适用于串补输电线路故障定位的改进算法,该算法采用分布参数模型,不考虑故障时串补及其保护装置的状态,利用故障后到MOV导通前线路两端的数据,并用全球定位系统(GPS)对线路两端采样数据进行同步.仿真研究表明,该算法具有较高的精度和较强的适应性.     

串补线路的数学形态学行波测距法研究

因存在串联电容及其并联保护元件MOV,带串联电容补偿装置的输电线路的高度非线性特性对故障测距和继电保护产生了较大影响,使常规的故障测距和距离保护算法均已不再适用。为此,讨论了串联电容补偿对输电线路行波法测距的影响,并提出了一种基于数学形态学梯度技术的串补线路行波法故障测距新算法,该算法不受MOV非线性特性的影响。相对于小波变换等积分运算来说,形态学对突变信号检测能力强,对噪声不敏感,算法简单,耗时较小,易于硬件实现。ATP仿真结果表明,该算法具有很好的准确性和鲁棒性。     

基于分布参数模型的串联补偿双回线单线故障定位算法

对于装设串联补偿(串补)装置的输电线路,由于与串联电容并联的保护元件金属氧化物可变电阻(MOV)的非线性特征,使得串补线路无法直接使用常规的输电线路故障测距方法。为此,提出了一种基于分布参数模型的串补双回线故障定位算法。按照故障点相对于串补的位置分为两个子算法,利用从本端、对端推算得到的故障点处电压相等的特点,消去串补装置近故障一侧的电压,结合故障点处过渡电阻的纯电阻性和故障序网边界条件,构造故障定位函数。该方法不依赖串补装置模型,不受MOV非线性的影响,无需预知串补装置相对于故障的位置,同时不存在伪根判别问题。EMTDC/PSCAD和MATLAB仿真结果计算验证了该方法的正确性。     

基于节点导纳方程的串联补偿线路双端故障测距算法

由于与串补电容并联的氧化锌非线性电阻(MOV)的非线性特性,一般的故障测距方法对于有串联补偿装置的输电线路不再适用。作者基于传输线的节点导纳方程考虑了故障时串补装置的状态,提出了一种适用于串补线路的故障定位算法。该算法使用相参数(而非序参数)及两端的不同步数据,采用分布参数的线路模型,利用两个子算法搜索故障距离,通过比较两个子算法得到的过渡阻抗值排除伪根,选择一组正确解,从而获得准确的故障位置。仿真分析结果表明了该算法具有较好的定位精度。     

基于异构边界的串补输电线路单端量全线速动保护原理

针对串补给线路距离保护带来的超越误动问题,提出了一种基于异构边界的串补输电线路单端量全线速动保护原理。该原理将安装于线路一侧的串补装置作为线路保护范围的异构边界,利用单端测量信息构建R-L微分方程求解故障距离,并采用最小二乘算法对故障距离进行拟合估计,根据测距结果的拟合误差可以判断故障点与串补电容之间的相对位置关系,从而实现串补线路的全线速动保护。所提方法应用等传变理论克服了电容式电压互感器暂态传变误差以及线路分布电容对故障测距精度的干扰,仿真表明能够在40 ms内快速切除串补线路的内部故障。     

带串补或高抗的输电线路故障测距补偿算法研究

本文研究了串补和高抗对双端测距算法的影响机理,分别对含串补和含高抗的输电线路提出了相应的双端故障测距补偿算法,该方法仅需用到线路参数、线路两端的电流及电压、串补参数和高抗参数即可进行测距.工程实践案例验证了算法的有效性.     

基于双端电气量的串补线路故障测距新算法

目前带串补装置的高压线路进行双端测距时需要进行真伪根判断,对此提出了一种基于双端电气量的串补线路故障测距新算法。分别建立串补电容两侧的线路故障模型,在发生故障后,首先识别2个模型的参数,然后计算2个模型的误差来判断故障点相对串补电容的位置,再利用相应模型的参数进行故障测距。该算法不需判断真伪根,有利于快速准确地定位故障。EMTP仿真结果显示,所提算法不受金属氧化物压敏电阻(MOV)、系统阻抗、故障类型和故障位置的影响,测距误差都在0.6%以内。     

基于分布参数模型的串补线路故障测距方法研究

在分析串补电容的基础上，提供了判断MOV是否启动的原则和方法，指出目前串补线路故障测距中的一些错误做法，针对中部安装串补电容线路，提出了一种采用贝杰龙（Bergeron）分布参数线路模型、使用双端同步采样数据进行故障定位的新方法，该方法考虑了MOV的非线性，理论上测距精度不受过滤电阻大小与性质和故障位置等因素的影响，大量仿真表明，该方法有很高的测距精度。     

超高压线路串补电容的微机保护算法

在超高压输电线路系统中,串联电容补偿具有提高输送容量和改善系统稳定性等优点,但由于串补电容的存在导致输电线路继电保护存在一系列问题。根据串补电容对距离保护和零序方向保护影响的理论分析,提出了基于TCSC串补电容的线路微机保护算法。算法利用TCSC的运行参数,考虑了串补电容在暂态过程以及电容运行状态对保护参数整定的影响,以避免TCSC使保护拒动或误动。最后通过仿真运行表明,该算法对于带有不同运行状态的TCSC的输电线路有很强的适应力和可靠性,可以满足线路继电保护的基本要求。     

A Fault Location Algorithm for Two-End Series-Compensated Double-Circuit Transmission Lines Using the Distributed Parameter Line Model

A new fault location algorithm for two-end series-compensated double-circuit transmission lines utilizing unsynchronized two-terminal current phasors and local voltage phasors is presented in this paper. The distributed parameter line model is adopted to take into account the shunt capacitance of the lines. The mutual coupling between the parallel lines in the zero-sequence network is also considered. The boundary conditions under different fault types are used to derive the fault location formulation. The developed algorithm directly uses the local voltage phasors on the line side of series compensation (SC) and metal oxide varistor (MOV). However, when potential transformers are not installed on the line side of SC and MOVs for the local terminal, these measurements can be calculated from the local terminal bus voltage and currents by estimating the voltages across the SC and MOVs. MATLAB SimPowerSystems is used to generate cases under diverse fault conditions to evaluating accuracy. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is qualified for practical implementation.     

基于改进RL模型的串联补偿线路单相接地 故障测距新算法

基于RL模型算法的测距式继电器是我国最早开发成功并获得广泛应用的微机线路保护继电器,但其直接应用在串联电容补偿线路中具有一定的局限性。基于此,针对常见的单相接地故障类型,给出了一种基于改进RL模型的串联补偿线路故障测距算法。该算法考虑了故障过程中MOV动作及串联电容对线路实际阻抗值的影响。与传统的串联补偿线路故障定位方法相比,该算法无需判断串联补偿装置是否在故障回路中,也无需知道串联补偿装置的相关参数和其具体工作状态,就能简单准确地实现串联补偿线路的故障测距。EMTDC/PSCAD和Matlab仿真计算结果表明,所提出的算法能够获得比传统算法更加准确的测距结果。     

A performance oriented impedance based fault location algorithm for series compensated transmission lines

This paper proposes a performance oriented fault location algorithm for series compensated transmission lines. The algorithm estimates the fault location based on the calculated fault voltage and current using two end measurements and line parameters. Fault location computations are carried out considering faults existed before or after the compensator location on the line. The calculated MOV impedance is the key factor in determining whether or not the fault is located in front of the compensator. A 380 kV transmission line with a series capacitor and an MOV has been tested for various fault types, fault locations and fault resistances. The results show that the algorithm accurately estimates the fault location for all cases.     

A new PMU-based fault location algorithm for series compensatedlines

This paper presents a new fault location algorithm based on phasor measurement units (PMUs) for series compensated lines. Traditionally, the voltage drop of a series device is computed by the device model in the fault locator of series compensated lines, but when using this approach errors are induced by the inaccuracy of the series device model or the uncertainty operation mode of the series device. The proposed algorithm does not utilize the series device model and knowledge of the operation mode of the series device to compute the voltage drop during the fault period. Instead, the proposed algorithm uses two-step algorithm, prelocation step and correction step, to calculate the voltage drop and fault location. The proposed technique can be easily applied to any series FACTS compensated line. EMTP generated data using a 30-km 34-kV transmission line has been used to test the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The tested cases include various fault types, fault locations, fault resistances, fault inception angles, etc. The study also considers the effect of various operation modes of the compensated device during the fault period. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can achieve up to 99.95% accuracy for most tested cases     

A novel fast distance relay for series compensated transmission lines

This paper presents a fast distance relay for series compensated transmission lines based on the R–L differential-equation algorithm using the theory of equal transfer process of transmission lines. The measuring distances based on the proposed algorithm can fast approach the actual value of fault distance when a fault occurs in front of the series capacitor. When a fault occurs behind of the series capacitor, the fault loop, including the series capacitor, does not match the R–L transmission line model, so the measuring distances fluctuate severely. Based on this, the relative position of the fault with respect to the series capacitor can be judged effectively according to the fluctuation range of the measuring distances, and the accurate fault location can be obtained fast. A variety of PSCAD/EMTDC simulation tests show that the new relay has fast operating speed and high accuracy when applied to the long series compensated transmission lines.     

利用单端电气量的同杆双回线故障定位研究

提出了1种基于单端工频电气量的同杆双回线的故障定位算法。根据同杆双回线特殊的电气结构,算法仅使用本线路的单端电气量,利用本线路零序电流和双回线路的零序电流比表示相邻线路的零序电流。算法测距结果不受故障点过渡电阻、负荷电流和双回线路间零序互感的影响。考虑到高压长线路分布电容对测距结果的影响,本文对线路分布电容的充电电流进行了迭代补偿。PSCAD/EMTDC仿真结果表明,该算法应用于同杆双回线故障测距时具有较高的测距精度。     

基于小波变换的串补输电线路故障选相研究

串补电容及其保护装置MOV的应用给常规的故障定位与选相方法带来了困难。然而,串补输电线路发生故障后以及故障期间MOV导通时将产生高频暂态电流行波,故障相和非故障相的暂态电流信号的大小及所含有的频率成分不同。本文采用小波分析方法,选择适当的小波函数与变换尺度对相电流进行小波变换,根据故障相和非故障相的暂态电流在此尺度上小波系数能量的差别,形成故障选相判据。大量的EMTP仿真结果证实了该方法的有效性。所提出的方法对串补超高压输电线路的故障定位与保护具有实际意义。     

使用两端非同步测量法的特高压串联补偿双回线路故障定位仪

An accurate fault location algorithm for double-circuit series compensated lines is presented.Use of two-end unsynchronized measurements of current and voltage signals is considered.The algorithm applies two subroutines,designated for locating faults on particular line sections,and additionally the procedure for selecting the valid subroutine.The subroutines are formulated with use of the generalized fault loop model and the distributed parameter line model is applied.Performed ATP-EMTP based evaluation has shown the validity of the derived fault location algorithm and its high accuracy.     

基于分布参数模型的高压输电线路故障测距算法

输电线路故障定位一直是电力系统亟待解决的难题,快速准确的故障定位对电力系统有极为重要的意义,由于传统的单端法故障测距易受过渡电阻和对端肋增电流的影响,基于集中参数电路模型的故障测距算法又不适用于长线路测距,中提出一种只使用输电线路参数和２端电气量的基于分布参数电路模型的输电线路故障这位方法。并利用相模变化来减少实际线路的不换位和线路参数不平衡的影响,最后在模域求解故障距离。ＥＭＴＰ仿真结果表明,