PEA-NaA /α-Al2OPEA-NaA /α-Al2O3复合支撑分子筛膜的微波水热合成

采用微波水热合成法在聚醚酰亚胺(PEA)-NaA分子筛/α-Al2O3复合载体表面合成了具有高选择性的致密NaA 型分子筛膜,重点考察了微波辐射时间对成膜的影响。采用X射线衍射图谱（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对NaA型分子筛膜进行了表征。XRD 结果表明,复合载体表面生成的膜中只有NaA 分子筛的晶相;SEM 结果表明,复合载体基膜表面覆盖了一层致密连续的NaA型分子筛膜。合成NaA型分子筛膜的渗透汽化性能和不同乙醇水溶液浓度对渗透汽化性能的影响的结果表明,渗透通量随乙醇溶液的浓度增大而减小,分离因子则反之,当乙醇溶液浓度为95%时,渗透通量仅0.05 kg/ (m2?h),而分离因子高达13000。     

PEA-NaA /α-Al2OPEA-NaA /α-Al2O3复合支撑分子筛膜的微波水热合成

采用微波水热合成法在聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)-NaA分子筛/α-Al2O3复合载体表面合成了具有高选择性的致密NaA型分子筛膜,重点考察了微波辐射时间对成膜的影响。采用X射线衍射图谱(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对NaA型分子筛膜进行了表征。XRD结果表明,复合载体表面生成的膜中只有NaA分子筛的晶相;SEM结果表明,复合载体基膜表面覆盖了一层致密连续的NaA型分子筛膜。合成的NaA型分子筛膜在不同质量分数乙醇中的渗透汽化性能结果表明,渗透通量随乙醇质量分数增大而减小,分离因子则反之,当乙醇质量分数为95%时,渗透通量仅0.05 kg/(m2.h),而分离因子高达13 000。     

PEI-NaA/α-Al_2O_3复合支撑分子筛膜的微波水热合成

采用微波水热合成法在聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)-NaA分子筛/α-Al2O3复合载体表面合成了具有高选择性的致密NaA型分子筛膜,重点考察了微波辐射时间对成膜的影响。采用X射线衍射图谱(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对NaA型分子筛膜进行了表征。XRD结果表明,复合载体表面生成的膜中只有NaA分子筛的晶相;SEM结果表明,复合载体基膜表面覆盖了一层致密连续的NaA型分子筛膜。合成的NaA型分子筛膜在不同质量分数乙醇中的渗透汽化性能结果表明,渗透通量随乙醇质量分数增大而减小,分离因子则反之,当乙醇质量分数为95%时,渗透通量仅0.05 kg/(m2.h),而分离因子高达13 000。     

规模化NaA分子筛膜的制备与分离性能研究

采用湿法球磨技术制备亚微米晶种,利用球磨亚微米晶种诱导在自制大孔α-Al2 O3支撑体合成出高分离性能的NaA分子筛膜.采用场发射扫描式电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、渗透汽化和蒸汽渗透分离技术对所合成的膜进行了系统表征.在操作温度为348 K,对水质量分数为10％乙醇-水体系进行渗透汽化测试,分离因子>10000且渗透通...     

含甲基纤维素的NaA沸石膜的制备和表征

NaA沸石膜具有规则的孔道结构,利于分子传输,在有机物脱水领域有一定的应用。为使沸石膜生长更连续均匀,提高渗透汽化性能,本文以甲基纤维素作为空间限制剂加入合成液,探究碱度、晶化温度以及晶化时间对膜的影响,按最优条件制备合成液,并依据质量比m(MC)∶m(H₂O)=1∶100添加甲基纤维素,制备NaA沸石膜。表征方法采用XRD、SEM和渗透汽化3种方式,结果表明添加甲基纤维素的沸石膜表面结构完整,生长致密且性能优良,在75℃下对0.6mol/L的NaCl水溶液做渗透汽化测试时,通量达8.33kg/(m²·h),盐离子截留率为99.95%。在0.6mol/L的NaCl的水溶液中测试72h,结果表明添加甲基纤维素的NaA沸石膜时间依存性更好,通量保持在8.30kg/(m²·h)左右,离子截留率稳定在99.90%。渗透汽化分离ω(C₂H₆O)=90%乙醇的水溶液,随着温度从60℃升高到75℃,沸石膜的通量由1.55kg/(m²·h)升高到2.56kg/(m²·h),渗透侧水含量保持在99.90%左右。     

热浸渍涂晶加旋转晶化制备亲水性ZSM-5沸石膜及其性能表征（英文）

采用热浸渍涂晶加旋转晶化方法在α-Al_2O_3微孔支撑体上合成了ZSM-5沸石膜,并将其应用于异丙醇/水体系渗透汽化脱水。对ZSM-5沸石膜的物相组成和显微结构进行表征,研究了合成时间、晶种浓度、制备方法对ZSM-5沸石膜性能的影响。结果表明:当第一次涂晶浓度为2g/L、二次晶化时间为28h时,制备出的ZSM-5沸石膜交互生长良好,膜层致密。对比3种合成方法(浸渍涂晶加旋转晶化法,热浸渍涂晶加旋转晶化法,热浸渍涂晶加静态晶化法)制备的ZSM-5沸石膜对90%异丙醇渗透汽化脱水性能。结果表明:热浸渍涂晶加旋转晶化法更适合制备亲水性ZSM-5沸石膜,制备出的沸石膜在348K时对90%异丙醇进行渗透汽化脱水,渗透通量可达到1.68 kg/(m~2·h),分离因子为17 991。     

NaA型分子筛膜合成及应用进展

介绍了NaA型分子筛膜在合成及应用方面的研究进展,重点介绍了NaA型分子筛膜在渗透汽化分离方面的实际应用,展望了NaA型分子筛膜的应用前景。     

不锈钢支撑体表面NaA分子筛膜的合成与表征

利用二次生长法在不锈钢片式支撑体上合成出Na A分子筛膜。采用XRD、FE-SEM和渗透汽化分离技术对所合成的膜进行了系统表征。研究结果表明所合成的膜具有(200)面取向性,并且合成时间和合成次数对膜的取向性以及分离性能有重要影响。在2次3.5h的合成条件下,所制备的膜具有较优的取向性和分离性能,其XRD图谱上NaA分子筛(200)面与(220)面的峰强比值达到22,远高于无取向NaA分子筛膜的峰强比值。该膜在343 K下分离含水量5 wt.%的乙醇溶液时,其水/乙醇分离因子和渗透通量分别为1290和1.12kg·h-1·m-2。     

NaA/PAN复合膜渗透汽化分离DMF/H_2O溶液的性能研究

采用流延法制备大面积的NaA/PAN分子筛复合膜,并用于渗透汽化分离二甲基甲酰胺/水(DMF/H2O)溶液。考察了料液组成、进料量和操作温度对膜分离性能的影响。实验结果表明:渗透通量随着温度的升高而增大,在DMF质量分数为20%,操作温度为24℃,料液量为1.5 m3/h,膜后侧压力为500 Pa的条件下,NaA/PAN膜的渗透通量达到1.84 kg/(m2·h),分离因子为11.5。     

NaA分子筛膜的制备及其用于醇水分离的研究进展

综述了NaA分子筛膜的制备方法及NaA分子筛膜在醇水分离应用中的最新研究进展和发展趋势.主要介绍了水热合成法、晶种法和微波加热法.总结了NaA分子筛膜制备过程的影响因素,包括支撑体及合成条件对分子筛膜醇水分离性能的影响.介绍了一些国外NaA分子筛膜工业应用情况.最后提出了我国NaA分子筛膜醇水分离方面工业应用的前景和需要进一步解决的问题.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。