节点构造对不同梁高的特殊抗弯框架抗震性能的影响研究

对不同梁高的特殊抗弯框架抗震性能的差异进行研究,主要考虑节点构造的影响。对由连续板组成的节点进行研究,如直板、斜板、盖板、法兰及扁梁一侧加腋节点,这种节点能替代扁梁或深梁与柱的连接节点。在实际工程中,这种节点构造经常出现,但规范没有考虑这种情况。为了研究采用这种节点构造的框架的抗震性能,进行6个足尺试验。分析节点构造对结构破坏的影响,并进行对比分析。试验及分析结果表明:结构在强度退化20%之前,层间侧移比至少达到4%～6%。通过混和使用法兰和加腋节点,可消除大多数节点构造中都可能发生的深梁下翼缘的裂缝开展。     

Analytical investigation on performance of special moment‐resisting connections with unequal beam depths

This study considers the effect of detailing of an interior beam to column connection with unequal beam depths on seismic performance of special moment‐resisting frame (SMRF), which has not explicitly been taken into account, despite its possible occurrence in engineering practice, by the current codes and provisions. Studied detailing consists of a continuity plate arrangement, cover plate, flange plate and haunch connection system as alternatives in order to connect a shallow beam and a deep beam to column. To improve the understanding of seismic performance in SMRF connections, coordinated analytical and experimental studies have been conducted to examine the effect of different geometries and the mentioned alternatives on the seismic performance of SMRF with unequal beam depths. This work describes the analytical studies and includes a summary of the experimental results used in the development and validation of the analytical models; the experiment and analyses show that some detailing could provide ductile behavior with a total storey drift angle of 0.06 rad before experiencing 20% strength degradation while other detailing would not satisfy this criterion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

钢梁和箱型柱间翼缘板连接件的抗震性能

对钢梁和焊接箱型柱间的翼缘板连接件的滞回性能进行分析和试验研究。对3个足尺试件模型进行试验,从而评估翼缘板长度和板-翼缘角几何焊接对翼缘板连接件地震响应的影响。试验所用的翼缘板连接件符合AISC中对于特殊抗弯框架的抗震要求。因此,使用试验结果验证ABAQUS软件建立的有限元模型,此模型可用于对试件模型性能的进一步探讨。     

足尺钢梁柱刚性连接节点抗震性能试验研究

通过10个不同连接构造的足尺钢梁柱刚性连接节点的试验,研究了标准栓焊连接节点、标准全焊连接节点、梁翼缘加强型节点、梁翼缘局部削弱型节点以及梁贯通型节点在梁端往复荷载作用下的破坏过程、破坏形态、承载力和塑性变形能力等抗震性能。试验结果表明,梁翼缘局部切割削弱和梁翼缘加盖板节点的梁的极限塑性转角大于0.03,梁贯通型节点、梁下翼缘加腋节点和梁翼缘打孔节点的梁的极限塑性转角大于0.02,其余类型节点的都小于0.02。对实测的梁翼缘和腹板的应力分布的分析表明,梁根部翼缘处于三向应力状态,是其脆性断裂破坏的原因之一。建议钢框架梁柱连接优先采用梁翼缘加梯形盖板节点和梁下翼缘加腋节点。     

法兰连接钢管混凝土柱-钢梁外加强环节点受力性能研究

钢管混凝土柱-钢梁混合结构是工程常用的结构形式.为了有效减小钢管混凝土结构在施工现场的焊接工作量,提高钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点的安装效率,提出了一种基于法兰连接和外加强环的钢管混凝土柱-钢梁连接装配方法,其特点是采用高强螺栓、刚性法兰盘、外加强环板在同一位置实现了钢管混凝土柱-柱连接、钢管混凝土柱-钢梁连接.对采用该方法...     

复式钢管混凝土柱与H形钢梁连接节点抗震性能试验研究

借鉴方钢管混凝土柱-钢梁外肋环板节点形式,将非梁柱连接面的柱两侧外肋环板改为竖贴于柱侧的竖向肋板并伸出与梁翼缘焊接,同时设置锚固腹板,形成复式钢管混凝土柱与H形钢梁连接节点。通过7个梁柱组合体试件的低周反复荷载试验,分析各试件的破坏过程及特征,并对试件的滞回性能、承载力、延性、耗能能力和承载力及刚度退化等抗震性能进行研究。研究结果表明：节点的破坏形态基本相同,梁端先屈曲,形成塑性铰;锚固腹板可有效提高节点的承载力和变形能力;竖向肋板外伸长度可提高试件的初始刚度,使梁端塑性铰外移,有效保护节点核心区;试件的滞回曲线呈明显的梭形,具有良好的承载力、延性及耗能能力;试件在整个加载过程中刚度退化现象明显,承载力退化很小,可应用于抗震设防地区。     

大直径钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁节点设计研究

在传统内环板节点的基础上,提出一种适用于大直径钢管混凝土柱的梁柱节点。为了避免内环板宽度过大造成混凝土浇筑困难、用钢量较大的问题,在内环板焊接拉结钢筋,既可以减小钢材用量又便于在钢管柱内设置钢筋笼。为避免与钢梁翼缘焊接处的钢管表面发生层状撕裂,局部加大梁端翼缘宽度,并通过分析合理确定梁端扩翼宽度与扩翼角度。采用非线性有限元软件,对节点构造与应力分布、变形性能的关系进行分析。通过对比分析得到梁端的刚域长度,并对刚域长度与框架梁抗弯刚度的关系进行研究。为了验证该类节点设计的合理性,进行钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁缩尺模型试验。有限元分析与缩尺模型试验结果表明,节点拉结钢筋可以提高内环板传力的有效性,有效减小节点区柱壁应力,当梁端扩翼宽度为1.5倍梁翼缘宽度、扩翼角度为1∶6时,节点区柱壁应力明显低于H形钢梁的应力,满足“强节点弱构件”的抗震设计理念。节点刚度对钢管混凝土柱-H形钢梁框架结构的侧向刚度影响显著,当梁端刚域长度约为钢柱直径的0.4倍时,框架梁的抗弯刚度可增加40%以上。节点抗震性能良好,可以实现“强节点弱构件”的抗震设计理念。     

螺栓装配多高层钢结构梁柱连接抗震性能研究

对三个不同参数螺栓连接的多高层钢结构装配节点的抗震性能进行试验和有限元分析,获得以梁端荷载-位移表征的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性性能、转动能力、刚度退化曲线等,分析了法兰螺栓和盖板螺栓对试件受力性能的影响。试验和有限元分析结果表明：通过调整盖板螺栓数量和规格,可以实现梁柱刚性连接和变刚度连接,变刚度连接时,可实现多遇地震作用下不滑移,设防地震和罕遇地震作用下利用盖板与梁翼缘相对滑移耗散地震能量;通过分析螺栓接触面的滑移,认为盖板与梁翼缘滑移构造提高了梁端的变形能力,延性以及耗能能力,实现了摩擦耗能,可以用于抗震设防区结构中。     

Experimental study on steel built‐up column moment connections with top and bottom trapezoidal side plates

Built‐up and box columns are used extensively in steel structures. A kind of built‐up column is composed of two I rolled shapes separated by calculated interval and welded between two cover plates. The uncertainties due to these columns are the flexibility of the column cover plates under the transferred beam flange plate forces and the brittle behavior of the groove weld between the beam flange plate and the column cover plate. The top and bottom trapezoidal side plates are proposed to improve the behavior of these column moment connections. Using this approach, the total beam flange forces transfer to the lateral sides of the column, parallel to the beam web, by means of top and bottom side plates. An experimental test is developed to study the behavior of the proposed connection under cyclic loading. The results indicate that the proposed connection has sufficient strength and ductility to apply in special moment frames. Also, the rehabilitated connection eliminates the vulnerabilities of deformation of the column cover plate and brittle fracture of groove welds in conventional connections. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

梁端翼缘扩翼型节点抗震性能分析

针对梁端翼缘扩翼型节点抗震性能,在试验研究基础上通过建立有限元分析模型衍生设计了2组16个试件,采用Ansys有限元分析方法深入探讨了梁端翼缘扩翼型节点的扩大宽度、扩大长度等参数对节点极限荷载、延性性能等抗震性能影响。根据试验及有限元模拟的试件破坏结果,对容易导致节点断裂发生的薄弱环节的开裂可能性进行了评估,通过引入等效塑性应变指数,从理论上分析了梁端翼缘扩翼型节点的断裂机理。介绍了梁端翼缘扩翼型节点扩翼参数的设计方法。     

Experimental studies on composite haunch beams

The paper is concerned with the behavior of steel–concrete composite haunch beams. Experiments were carried out to investigate the ultimate load behavior of haunch composite beams. Three continuous composite haunch beams were tested to failure. Two different proportions of slab reinforcements and two different haunch lengths were studied in order to examine the effects of these parameters on the ultimate load carrying capacity. Results obtained are presented in the form of load–deflection plots and different failure modes. It is found that through proper design and detailing optimum design of composite haunch beam can be achieved when plastic hinge occurs at haunch toes followed by a hinge at the mid-span to form a plastic collapse mechanism. Experimental results show that composite haunch beam exhibits a ductile moment–rotation behavior and is able to redistribute moment to the mid-span by loss of stiffness due to cracking of concrete slab and yielding of either steel reinforcement or cross section.     

H型钢柱弱轴连接组合节点抗震性能试验研究

为研究H型钢柱弱轴连接组合节点的抗震性能,采用柱顶加载模式完成了5个栓焊混合连接的不同构造形式的足尺十字形节点的循环加载试验,对各试件的试验现象、滞回曲线、延性、耗能及楼板滑移进行了分析。结果表明：焊接质量是避免节点脆性破坏的首要保证;各试件的层间位移角均达到了0.04rad,其中有4个试件的梁端对应弯矩大于0.8Mp,满足美国AISC的要求;加腋型组合节点试件破坏形式为柱屈曲,滞回曲线饱满,其余各试件由于梁下翼缘焊缝不同程度的破坏,腹板连接螺栓出现滑移,滞回曲线呈现反S形,但梁上翼缘焊缝均保持完好,故负弯矩作用下的延性优于正弯矩作用下的;各试件能量耗散系数随着位移的增加而逐渐增大;当抗剪连接度达到50%时,在整个加载过程中栓钉均保持完好,且楼板与钢梁的相对滑移基本不足1mm,可忽略不计,说明采用部分抗剪连接对所给出的节点形式具有可行性。     

Cyclic seismic testing of steel moment connections reinforced with welded straight haunch

A simplified seismic design procedure as well as force transfer model for seismic steel moment connections using a welded straight haunch was recently proposed. As a follow-up study, cyclic seismic testing was conducted to verify the proposed procedure and to develop strategies that would prevent cracking at the haunch tip. All the specimens based on the proposed procedure effectively pushed the plastic hinging of the beam outside the haunch and developed satisfactory connection ductility with no fracture. A sloped edge combined with a drilled hole near the haunch tip, or a pair of stiffeners that partially or fully extended from the beam web, successfully prevented crack initiation at the haunch tip. The strut action of the haunch web, which had been predicted from the previous analytical study, was also identified through the strain gage readings in this experiment.     

钢梁混凝土柱节点中梁贯穿与柱贯穿节点受力性能对比

通过钢梁与混凝土柱节点中梁贯穿节点与柱贯穿节点两组节点共6个试件低周反复荷载试验对比,分析了不同节点连接方式下节点开裂、极限荷载、位移、刚度、耗能能力等性能。结果表明,梁贯穿节点破坏主要发生在钢梁根部翼缘及腹板,而柱贯穿节点的破坏主要发生在钢梁与锚板间的焊缝处,由于核芯区有腹板和翼缘穿过,梁贯穿节点在受力性能方面优于柱贯穿节点。梁贯穿节点的抗震能力略大于普通混凝土节点,柱贯穿节点与普通混凝土节点抗震能力对比有待于进一步研究。     

梁端翼缘扩大型连接的抗震性能研究

通过试验及数值分析方法研究了钢框架梁端翼缘扩大型连接节点的滞回性能、极限承载力、破坏模式、刚度及强度退化等抗震性能。研究结果表明:梁端翼缘扩大式节点可以将塑性铰转移到梁翼缘扩大端截面以外位置,避免梁端焊缝发生脆性破坏;加强侧板末端截面有明显突变和热影响区影响使钢材变脆应力集中现象严重,制约了节点塑性耗能深入发展;直接扩翼型节点塑性铰中心形成于扩翼圆弧段末端,远离柱翼缘,达到了塑性铰外移的目的;在循环荷载作用下,翼缘及腹板随局部屈曲塑性变形的不断积累,导致试件的强度出现退化;节点构造形式对抗震性能影响显著,直接扩翼型节点的塑性变形和耗能能力较好,推荐在强震区采用。     

带耗能腋撑型钢混凝土梁转换结构抗震性能研究

为解决转换结构抗震性能差的问题,提出带耗能腋撑钢管混凝土柱-型钢混凝土梁新型转换结构形式。对一榀1∶4普通型钢混凝土框架转换结构和带耗能腋撑型钢混凝土框架转换结构进行拟静力试验。从试件破坏形态、荷载-位移曲线、塑性铰发展、应变发展和耗能能力等方面研究带耗能腋撑型钢混凝土转换结构的抗震性能。试验结果表明:耗能腋撑有效控制了节点区梁、柱端塑性铰的发展,使塑性铰向转换梁加腋处转移;腋撑附加轴力对转换梁下部纵筋应变影响较大,对钢管柱应变影响较小;带耗能腋撑型钢混凝土转换结构较普通型钢混凝土转换结构的梁端开裂荷载提高了60%、承载力提高了6.2%、延性系数提高了57.24%、等效黏滞系数提高了10.7%,表现出良好的耗能能力,提高了结构的抗震性能。     

H形梁翼缘双肋板加强式弱轴连接的抗震性能分析

提出了一种适用于工字形柱箱形节点域的H形梁翼缘双肋板加强式弱轴连接;应用ABAQUS有限元软件对标准节点、梁翼缘外侧双肋板加强式节点和梁翼缘内侧双肋板加强式节点共7个足尺计算模型进行了力学性能分析,研究了节点破坏模式、滞回特性、骨架曲线、耗能能力、塑性转动能力和延性等问题。结果表明:箱形节点域双肋板加强式弱轴连接能够有效地在梁端形成塑性铰,并且塑性铰远离节点核心区,从而实现强柱弱梁和强节点弱构件的抗震理念;梁翼缘内侧双肋板加强式节点可以达到与梁翼缘外侧双肋板加强式节点相同的抗震性能,并且改善了梁柱翼缘对接焊缝的应力;梁翼缘双肋板加强式节点的耗能能力和延性系数都有显著提高,塑性转动能力达到FEMA 267建议的0.03 rad,符合国际上对节点塑性转动能力的要求。     

扇形焊接开孔于钢骨梁柱接头耐震行为之影响

扇形焊接开孔为进行梁翼板全渗透开槽焊接时所需之工作孔。然而,实尺寸梁柱接头试验证实,传统梁腹板锁螺栓及梁翼板全渗透焊接之钢构造梁柱接头,常于扇形开孔处发生突然性之脆性破坏。本研究采用非线性有限元素分析方法,探讨扇形焊接开孔于钢骨梁柱接头耐震行为上之影响,包括扇形开孔几何形状对接头区力学行为之影响。分析结果显示,平顺接至梁翼板之扇形开孔能将最大塑性应变之发生位置移离扇形开孔根部,减少因几何形状不连续所造成之应力集中现象,降低局部区域之韧性需求;无扇形开孔之梁柱接头可避免有扇形开孔之缺陷,大幅的改善梁柱接头之韧性行为。     

钢结构焊接翼缘板加强式梁柱刚性连接滞回性能试验研究

焊接翼缘板加强式梁柱刚性连接是塑性铰外移以提高连接塑性变形的一种改进形式。为考察这种连接形式在循环荷载作用下的滞回性能,共进行了4个1/2模型的拟静力加载试验,研究了梁翼缘宽厚比、腹板高厚比对连接性能的影响和节点域强弱对连接塑性转动能力的影响。作为比较,还进行了一个盖板加强式梁柱刚性连接的试验。试验结果表明,这种连接形式性能优良,所有的试件都没有发生脆性破坏,都能确保塑性铰转移到加强板以外,梁端塑性转角介于0.044～0.054rad之间,达到了特殊抗弯钢框架连接塑性转动能力不小于0.03rad的要求。在试验过程中所有的加强板都没有发生局部屈曲。在满足我国抗震规范要求的前提下,增大梁翼缘的宽厚比,梁翼缘更易于发生塑性局部屈曲,但对极限承载能力和变形能力的影响不大;减小梁腹板的高厚比则对承载能力的影响较明显;较弱的节点域,会显著降低连接的承载力,但可提高其变形能力。     

Local Flange Bending and Continuity Plate Requirements in Double-Web H-Shaped Columns

In steel moment frames, columns are subjected to unbalance moment that is transmitted into the joint through a couple of concentrated forces at the centroid of the beam’s flanges. If the flexural capacity of the column flange is less than produced moment by these tensile or compressive forces, use of continuity plates in the panel zone is necessary. Since in box-shaped column, welding the forth edge of a continuity plate to the column flange may not be easily done and is usually accompanied by remarkable difficulties, double-web H-shaped columns as an appropriate alternative, which often do not require continuity plates, can be used. Numerous studies are carried out on local flange bending in H–shaped columns and are referred in the valid guidelines. The behavior of double-web column’s flange is between box shaped and H-shaped column’s flange. This paper presents analytical and numerical modeling of double web column to estimate local flange bending. The numerical modeling is derived from the results of finite element analyses. Based on these two approaches, some equations are presented to estimate local flange bending of double web columns, and are shown their efficiency and accuracy.