循环前缀中插入四元序列的频偏估计研究

研究了一种在循环前缀中插入四元序列的载波频偏估计方法。由于在循环前缀中添加的四元序列自身携带的相位信息丰富,因此可以利用其这一特点完成对载波频偏的估计。该方法实现简单,且不限制特定的调制方式,在基于循环前缀的OFDM系统上稍加改进即可实现本系统的设计,降低了系统实现的复杂度。通过仿真表明在信噪比大于16 dB并且序列长度较短时,所提算法即可以满足系统对载波频偏估计的要求。     

基于失配序列的OFDM信道估计

本文提出了一种利用失配序列进行OFDM信道估计的新方法。在发端将失配序列加入到OFDM信号中作为训练序列,接收端将收到的去掉循环前缀的失配序列与失配滤波器系数的循环移位序列做相关运算,利用失配序列的优良自相关特性,估计出信道的冲击响应,进而得到子载波处信道的频率响应。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该方法计算复杂度低,估计速度快、精度高,系统的BER性能好。      

改进的循环相关信道估计算法及应用

提出了一种改进的基于m序列的循环相关信道估计算法,将此算法应用于单载波频域均衡系统中,并在广播频段中的波段Ⅲ进行了仿真实验.仿真结果表明,此算法在保持低运算复杂度的同时,提供了良好的信道估计性能和较好的系统传输性能,验证了单载波频域均衡技术在广播领域中应用的可能性.     

一种低复杂度的MIMO-OFDM信道估计新方法

该文基于m序列设计了一种适合多天线收发-正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)系统的时域信道估计新方法.在时域OFDM符号之间插入附加循环前缀(CP)的m序列作为训练序列,在接收端将去掉循环前缀的接收序列与指定的循环移位m序列作相关运算,然后利用m序列的二值自相关特性获得信道的冲激响应估计,从而得到信道的频率响应估计.理论分析和仿真结果都表明:在频率选择性信道中,新方法在系统开销小、计算复杂度低的情况下可以取得比传统算法更好的性能.     

宽带SC-FDE系统低复杂度二维信道估计算法

单载波频域均衡系统因具有峰均比低、适用于高速率传输的优势,具有广泛的应用前景,同时对其信道估计性能也提出了一定的要求。针对传统一维MMSE估计算法性能较差,而二维算法运算复杂度又较高的问题,依据信道的时频分离特性提出了一种低复杂度二维MMSE信道估计算法。将二维估计转化为两个一维估计,再通过改进的SVD算法减小一维估计的复杂度,并通过在帧结构插入特殊字(UW)序列作为循环前缀来减小系统开销,进行噪声方差估计。理论分析及仿真结果表明,本文算法比传统的LS及MMSE信道估计算法在未编码系统及编码系统中的性能都更好,且运算复杂度比传统一维MMSE算法更低。     

混合载波调制系统中的阈值DFT信道估计算法

传统的DFT信道估计算法复杂度比最小均方误差算法低,并且其性能比最小二乘算法好。但它只消除了循环前缀以外的噪声,对循环前缀以内的噪声并没有进行处理。鉴于该算法的不足,提出了一种混合载波调制下新的阈值DFT信道估计技术,即在循环前缀内设置了阈值,将大于阈值的数据保留,小于阈值的数据置为零,从而抑制循环前缀以内的噪声。仿真结果表明,与传统的DFT信道估计方法相比,提出的算法使循环前缀以内的噪声得到有效抑制,且在不同的调制参数下性能均得到优化。     

基于辅助数据的SC-FDE系统频域LS信道估计

通过对单载波频域均衡(SC-FDE)系统的分析得出了对最小二乘(LS)信道估计中采用的训练帧的要求, 从理论上推导了不计循环前缀(CP)能量损失的条件下, SC-FDE系统采用LS方法估计信道的性能界。文中指出, Newmann序列适合作为SC-FDE系统频域LS信道估计的训练帧。理论分析和仿真结果都表明, 采用Newmann序列可以达到LS信道估计的性能界。     

基于OFDM循环前缀LS信道估计的构造方法

提出了一种在正交频分复用系统中循环前缀频域序列（CPFS）用于最小二乘信道估计的子载波构造方法。该构造方法基于比较CPFS序列和梳状子载波序列的相关性,可使LS信道估计的精度增加。该相关性利用凸优化的方法,以子载波总体为变量及LS信道估计的最小均方误差（MSE）机制建立约束,得到优化模型并通过拉格朗日方法求得最终构造解。仿真验证表明,该构造方法得出子载波新解能使得LS估计模型下,CPFS序列的估计精度更优。     

基于LDPC码的单载波频域均衡系统

该文设计了一种联合判决-反馈均衡的单载波频域均衡(SC-FDE)系统,该系统用固定波形的短pn序列取代常规SC-FDE系统中的循环前缀(CP),并以多个短pn序列组成的长PN序列作信道训练从而解决快变信道的初始估计和跟踪问题。针对该系统,一种在时域内对接收的多个训练序列进行平均,然后提出了在频域对信道信息进行估计的信道训练算法,该算法与传统SC-FDE系统相比,其计算复杂度较低。另外,提出了一种增加纵向校验的LDPC码用于该系统中降低信噪比门限,提高系统的整体性能。仿真结果表明在多径衰落信道中,此系统可获得较为理想的结果。     

基于正交多相序列的OFDM信道估计算法

提出了一种基于正交多相序列的OFDM信道估计算法。该算法采用相关性能良好的正交多相序列作为发送信号的循环前缀,在接收端,提取循环前缀,进行相关计算,最终得到系统频域响应的估计值。通过仿真,验证了在多径衰落信道中,提出的算法比频域梳状导频插入的时域滤波算法及采用小m序列作为循环前缀的信道估计算法具有更高的信道估计精度。     

Training sequence versus cyclic prefix-a new look on single carriercommunication

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), with the help of a cyclic prefix, enables low complexity frequency domain equalization, but suffers from a high crest factor. Single carrier with cyclic prefix (SC-CP) has the same advantage with similar performance, but with a lower crest factor and enhanced robustness to phase noise. The cyclic prefix is overhead, so we put more information in it by implementing this cyclic prefix as a training sequence (TS). This new training aided frequency domain equalized single carrier (TASC) scheme offers us additional known symbols and enables better synchronization and (potentially) channel estimation, with the same performance as SC-CP     

On the comparison between OFDM and single carrier modulation with aDFE using a frequency-domain feedforward filter

Most comparisons between single carrier and multicarrier modulations assume frequency-domain linear equalization of the channel. We propose a new frequency-domain decision feedback equalizer (FD-DFE) for single carrier modulation, which makes use of a data block transmission format similar to that of the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing with cyclic prefix (OFDM). The scheme is a nonadaptive DFE where the feedforward part is implemented in the frequency domain, while feedback signal is generated by time-domain filtering. Through simulations in a HIPERLAN-2 scenario, we show that FD-DFE yields a capacity very close to that of OFDM. This result is also confirmed by analytical derivations for a particular case. Furthermore, when no channel loading is considered, FD-DFE performs closely to OFDM for the same averaged frame error rate in a coded transmission. Design methods of the FD-DFE are investigated and a reduced complexity technique is developed, with the result that FD-DFE and OFDM have a similar computational complexity in signal processing     

Iterative Estimation and Equalization for SCCP Over Doubly Selective Channels

In time varying channels, symbol recovery for single carrier cyclic prefix (SCCP) systems becomes complicated, because the orthogonality of channel frequency response (CFR) matrix is destroyed. In response, we propose a block turbo equalization algorithm in the time domain for SCCP to cope with channel time variations. In particular, the band structure of the channel time response (CTR) matrix is exploited to reduce the computational complexity of matrix inversion. In order to use this equalization scheme, accurate channel state information (CSI) must be available. Accordingly, we present a doubly selective channel estimation method for SCCP block transmissions with the aid of a Karhunen-Loeve basis expansion model (KL-BEM). In this method, the channel estimates are firstly obtained by using the cyclic prefix (CP) of each block, and then further refined by employing an expectation maximization (EM) based iterative algorithm. Combining the iterative estimator with the proposed equalizer naturally results in a doubly iterative receiver, the performance of which is shown to come close to the performance with perfect CSI.     

Reed-Solomon Codes Implementing a Coded Single-Carrier with Cyclic Prefix Scheme

This paper presents a novel Reed-Solomon codes based transmission scheme called RS-SC-CP. While RS-SC-CP is essentially a Reed-Solomon (RS) coded single carrier with cyclic prefix (SC-CP) system, a filter bank representation of the RS code is used. This filter bank representation unveils a DFT synthesis bank, just as in a traditional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system (allbeit in a finite field). Therefore, RS-SC-CP is topologically equivalent with OFDM. As such, the RS-SC-CP system inherits the advantages of an SC-CP system over a traditional OFDM system like a low Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). But, more importantly, it allows us to use a novel equalization technique that resembles a traditional OFDM equalizer. The equalizer of an RS-SC-CP receiver is split into two stages: the first stage encompasses a partial equalization in the complex field, which ensures that the residual channel response has integer coefficients. It is calculated using a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) criterion. The residual ISI is removed by a Galois field equalizer in the second stage, posterior to the RS decoding removing the noise. Finally, the performance of the RS-SC-CP system is further evaluated by simulations showing the performance gain of the RS-SC-CP system compared to a traditional coded OFDM or single carrier with cyclic prefix (SC-CP) scheme.     

Computer-Assisted Collaborative Learning for Enhancing Students Intellectual Ability Using Machine Learning Techniques

This paper proposes low complexity detection for internet of underwater things communication. The signal is transmitted from the source to the destination using several sensors. To simplify the computational operations at the transmitter and the sensory nodes, a single carrier frequency domain equalizer is proposed and amplify-and-forward protocols are employed. Fast Fourier transform and use of cyclic prefix are also proposed to simplify these algorithms when compared to time-domain equalization. As precise channel data is difficult to capture in underwater communications, the adaptive implementation of FDE is proposed as a solution that can be employed when the channel experiences a fast doppler shift. The two adaptive detectors are based on the least mean-square and recursive least square principles. Numerical simulations show that the performance of the bit error rate performance of the proposed detectors is close to that of the ideal minimum mean square error.

     

基于差分空时调制的OFDM系统中的载波频率偏差估计算法

最近兴起的基于差分空时调制的正交频分复用系统可以采用非相干接收，从而避免了对时变多径信道状态信息的复杂估计，但存在的载波频率偏差会导致系统性能的下降。本文充分利用差分空时调制和循环前缀的特点，提出了的一种高效率高精度的频率偏差估计算法。该算法不需要任何辅助信号和信道估计，经过捕获和一次跟踪，解决了频率偏差的估计问题。理论分析表明，本文提出的算法能有效估计系统中存在的小数频率偏差。此外，仿真结果显示新算法在较低Eb／N0时，较常规算法有一个数量级以上的精度提高，而在高Eb／N0时可以有超过3个数量级的精度改善。     

A two-dimensional multipath channel estimator for CDMA systems with timing-offset errors

This letter proposes a two-dimensional pilot-aided channel estimator for multicarrier and single carrier cyclic prefix assisted code division multiple access systems in the presence of timing-offset errors. Using optimal training sequences with special cyclic correlation properties can minimize the timing offset errors. Optimal and binary sub-optimal training sequences are designed in this context. Both theoretic analysis and simulation studies demonstrate significant performance improvement for the proposed method over conventional frequency domain channel estimation methods.     

OFDM系统中基于改进阈值的DFT信道估计算法

在正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统中,传统的离散傅里叶变换(Discrete Fourier Transform,DFT)信道估计算法对循环前缀之内的噪声没有得到抑制,只是抑制了循环前缀之外的噪声.以循环前缀之外的噪声点的能量值来设置阈值对于循环前缀之内噪声的滤除不是很理想,为此本文通过将循环前缀内外的样本点分别排序,分别选取其中一部分样本能量值的平均值,并乘以适当系数,以两部分和作为一种新的时域阈值来抑制噪声.仿真结果表明,本文改进的算法能很好地抑制循环前缀之内的噪声,保留了有效的信号,误码率和均方误差均比得到进一步的降低.     

一种优化的OFDM系统同步方案

提出了一种在OFDM系统中低复杂度的符号和载波频率同步方案。该方案利用接收序列(解调以前)和本地已知序列的相关性,获得符号同步;利用OFDM信号中的保护间隔,也即一帧中的循环前缀(CP)与末尾部分的相关性,获得频率粗同步;分析了该算法的性能,给出其在噪声信道、频率选择性衰落信道中的仿真结果。结果表明,所提出的算法不仅具有低复杂度的可实现性而且有较高的精度。