介孔SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2固体超强酸的制备与表征

以工业硫酸钛液为原料,分步水解制得吸附硫酸根的介孔偏钛酸,焙烧得到介孔SO42-/TiO2固体超强酸。用Hammett指示剂法、XRD、BET和FI-IR等多种手段对催化剂进行了表征;以乙酸乙酯的合成为模型反应,考察了催化活性。结果表明所制备的SO42-/TiO2催化剂是介孔结构;随着焙烧温度的升高和SO42-含量的增加,其比表面积和酸强度都先增大后减小,最高酸强度H0=-14.52,最大比表面积为192m2/g;酸强度及硫含量与催化活性都有着密切联系,在500℃下焙烧,硫含量为2.7%时,催化活性最高。     

介孔SO2-4/TiO2固体超强酸的制备与表征

以工业硫酸钛液为原料,分步水解制得吸附硫酸根的介孔偏钛酸,焙烧得到介孔SO2-4/TiO2固体超强酸.用Hammett指示剂法、XRD、BET和FI-IR等多种手段对催化剂进行了表征;以乙酸乙酯的合成为模型反应,考察了催化活性.结果表明所制备的SO2-4/ TiO2催化剂是介孔结构;随着焙烧温度的升高和SO2-4含量的增加,其比表面积和酸强度都先增大后减小,最高酸强度H0=-14.52,最大比表面积为192m2/g;酸强度及硫含量与催化活性都有着密切联系,在500℃下焙烧,硫含量为2.7%时,催化活性最高.     

锐钛矿SO42-/TiO2纳米光催化剂的制备及其性能

采用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍法制备了锐钛矿型SO42-/TiO2纳米光催化剂,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、BET比表面积测量和透射电镜(TEM)对其进行了表征。以对苯二甲酸作为探针分子,结合化学荧光技术研究了光催化剂表面羟基自由基的生成;在紫外和可见光的照射下,以甲基橙为光催化反应的模型化合物,研究了锐钛矿型SO42-/TiO2纳米光催化剂的光催化活性。结果表明:SO42-负载使锐钛矿TiO2的比表面积增加,吸附量增加,光催化活性提高;SO42-/TiO2纳米光催化剂的羟基自由基的生成速率越大,催化剂的催化活性越高;浸渍液H2SO4的浓度对SO42-/TiO2纳米光催化剂的吸附量、羟基自由基的生成速率和催化活性有一定的影响,H2SO4的最佳浓度为0.2mol/L。     

Ce掺杂的锐钛矿型纳米介孔TiO2(Ce-MTiO2)的制备及其光催化降解活性研究

采用模板技术通过直接掺杂的方式合成了稀土元素Ce掺杂的锐钛矿型纳米介孔TiO2.在500 W高压汞灯照射下,研究了低浓度有机磷农药敌敌畏、氧化乐果的光催化降解,研究结果表明,该催化剂具有很高的光催化活性和稳定性,且能够重复使用.对催化剂的N2吸附、XRD、UV-Vis、FT-IR表征结果表明,该材料为高度有序、高比表面积的纯锐钛矿晶型的介孔二氧化钛材料(Ce-MTiO2).该催化剂具有很高的光催化活性可能与稀土元素Ce的电子结构、锐钛矿纳米晶、介孔结构和高比表面积有密切关系.     

Bi掺杂纳米TiO2光催化甘油水溶液制氢性能研究

采用溶胶–凝胶法制备了TiO2和Bi掺杂的TiO2纳米颗粒,用N2吸附-脱附、SEM、XRD、FT-Raman、UV-VisDRS对光催化材料的孔结构、表面构造、能带结构、吸光特性进行了表征,并考查了其光催化甘油水溶液制氢反应的活性.结果表明:Bi掺杂后的TiO2为介孔结构的锐钛矿晶型纳米颗粒,其分散度明显增加,晶粒变小,比表面积增大;Bi掺杂使得TiO2禁带内形成杂质能级,降低了禁带能量,增加了光生电子和空穴的分离效率,有利于将TiO2的吸光带边界扩展至可见光区;Bi掺杂的TiO2样品表现出了远高于纯TiO2的光催化甘油水溶液制氢性能,2mol%Bi掺杂的样品在紫外光和模拟太阳光辐射下表现出了最高产氢活性,其速率分别为3534.8μmol/(h.gcat)和455.7μmol/(h.gcat).     

介孔SO4^2-／TiO2固体超强酸的制备与表征

以工业硫酸钛液为原料，分步水解制得吸附硫酸根的介孔偏钛酸，焙烧得到介孔SO4^2-／TiO2固体超强酸。用Hammett指示刑法、XRD、BET和FI—IR等多种手段对催化剂进行了表征；以乙酸乙酯的合成为模型反应，考察了催化活性。结果表明所制备的SO4^2-／TiO2催化剂是介孔结构；随着焙烧温度的升高和SO4^2-含量的增加，其比表面积和酸强度都先增大后减小。最高酸强度H0=14．52，最大比表面积为192m^2／g；酸强度及硫含量与催化活性都有着密切联系。在500℃下焙烧，硫含量为2．7%时，催化活性最高。     

Eu~(3+)掺杂纳米TiO_2的制备及催化降解亚甲基蓝的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Eu3+掺杂的纳米TiO2粉体,采用X射线衍射(XRD)和荧光光谱分析(PL)等手段对TiO2的相结构和TiO2中电子-空穴对的复合性能进行了表征,探讨了掺杂组分对光催化活性的影响机制。以紫外光下降解亚甲基蓝为探针反应,考察铕的掺杂对催化剂催化性能的影响。结果表明Eu3+的掺杂能够通过抑制催化剂晶粒长大从而减少团聚,并且通过降低光生电子-空穴的复合几率,提高催化剂的光催化活性。光催化实验表明,催化剂加入量为3g/L,亚甲基蓝溶液初始浓度为20mg/L时,掺杂1%Eu3+的催化剂催化性能最佳,反应3.5h降解率达到85.5%。     

CTAB作用下TiO2/g-C3N4的制备及光催化降解偏二甲肼废水

在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作用下,采用水热合成法制备TiO 2/g-C 3N 4复合材料,研究CTAB对复合材料结构及光谱性质的影响。采用XRD、TEM、N 2吸附-脱附、FT-IR、UV-Vis DRS、PL等测试手段对材料进行表征,并在可见光下进行光催化降解偏二甲肼(UDMH)废水实验。结果表明:在CTAB作用下合成的TiO 2/g-C 3N 4复合材料晶型结构完整,TiO 2粒径更小并且在g-C 3N 4片层上均匀分布,具有较大的比表面积和丰富的介孔结构,复合材料的光吸收带边拓展至450nm,光生空穴-电子复合率明显降低。光催化实验表明,可见光条件下反应120min,UDMH的去除率达到了83.2%,相比未添加CTAB制备的TiO 2/g-C 3N 4提升了13.7%。     

高可见光响应型单斜介孔BiVO4的合成与表征

利用纳米铸造法,以立方有序介孔分子筛MCM-48为硬模板,550℃成功制备了结晶良好的纯相单斜介孔BiVO4.采用XRD、TEM、BET及UV-Vis光谱分析对样品的结构进行了表征,结果表明:与水热法制备的大颗粒样品相比,"纳米铸造"介孔BiVO4的平均孔径为16.8nm,孔体积为0.1 cm2/g,比表面积高达22.9 m2/g,有效减少了光生电子和空穴复合的几率,在可见光范围内表现出优良的可见光催化活性,90min内对乙基黄原酸钾的光催化降解率高达78%.     

介孔RGO/TiO2复合光催化材料的制备及光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法, 以氧化石墨烯(GO)、钛酸四丁酯(TBT)为原料, 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为结构引导剂, 柠檬酸为水解抑制剂和表面活性剂原位合成不同GO含量的介孔氧化石墨烯/二氧化钛复合材料(GO/TiO₂), 再经过紫外灯辐照还原获得介孔还原氧化石墨烯/二氧化钛复合材料(RGO/TiO₂)。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、比表面积(BET)、紫外-可见漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)和荧光光谱(PL)对样品进行分析表征, 研究了RGO/TiO₂的形貌、孔径分布情况, RGO的引入对光生电子-空穴对寿命、吸附性能、光催化性能的影响。分别在紫外光和太阳光条件下评价了复合材料的光催化性能, 并在紫外光条件下, 对催化剂进行了多次回收循环测试。测试结果表明: TiO₂均匀地生长于RGO表面, RGO/TiO₂为介孔材料; RGO的引入可以有效地抑制光催化剂中光生-电子空穴对的复合, 提高吸附性能和光催化性能, 7wt%RGO/TiO₂显示出对甲基橙的最佳吸附效果; 5wt%RGO/TiO₂对甲基橙具有最佳光催化效果和稳定的催化活性, 经过4次循环后, 紫外光照50 min, 对甲基橙的降解率仍能达到首次降解效率的90%以上。     

四氯化钛水解法制备二氧化钛纳米晶的影响因素

研究了四氯化钛水解法制备的二氧化钛纳米晶工艺中水解８温度和硫酸根离子对粉体性能的影响室温下的水解产物为无定形结构,这种粉体有着很大的比表面积,其孔为介孔尺度;添加少量的硫酸根离子使粉体的孔径在２～５ｎｍ,最可几孔径为３．８ｎｍ,提高水解温度能得到金红石与锐钛矿相的混晶,同样的水解温度下,添加少量的硫酸根离子则为纯锐钛矿相,用到金红石与锐钛矿相的混晶,同样的水解温度下,添加少量的硫酸根离子则为纯锐钛     

Fe-F/TiO_2复合微球的制备与光降解部分水解聚丙烯酰胺机制

以Span-80为调控剂,钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)为钛源,采用低温水解-回流法制备了Fe-F共掺杂TiO_2介孔复合微球(Fe-F/TiO_2)。通过XRD、SEM、FTIR、TG-DTA、BJH和UV-vis DRS测试方法对样品进行了结构性能表征;以部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)为目标降解物,研究了Fe-F/TiO_2复合催化剂的光催化性能。结果表明,制得的Fe-F/TiO_2是由直径为10~15nm的纳米粒子堆砌而成的锐钛矿型介孔微球,其中Fe3+可以有效促进锐钛矿而抑制金红石相的生成,使其具有较高的热稳定性;比表面积、孔容积及平均孔径分别是145.11 m2/g、0.26cm3/g和6.23nm。在光降解HPAM的过程中,Fe3+和F-的协同效应可以提升材料的光催化性能,使FeF/TiO_2具有最高的催化活性。在紫外光及可见光条件下,0.1g的Fe-F/TiO_2降解100mL浓度为500mg/L的HPAM溶液120min,其COD去除率分别为81%和74%。     

Low temperature synthesis and visible light driven photocatalytic activity of highly crystalline mesoporous TiO2 particles

Mesoporous TiO2 powder materials with a high crystallinity have been prepared by evaporation induced self assembly (EISA) process using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and pluronic P123 surfactant (EO20PO70EO20) as titanium source and structure-directing reagent, respectively. The prepared materials were characterized by low and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), optical absorption, and N2 adsorption-desorption experiments. The crystallinity of the materials was controlled by varying the calcination temperature. The resulting TiO2 materials showed highly crystalline structure with uniform particle size which increases from 11.8 to 23.8 nm with increasing the calcination temperature from 400 to 600 degrees C, respectively, whereas the specific surface area decreases from 125 to 40 m2/g. TEM and XRD results revealed that the calcination temperature of 600 degrees C is the best condition to obtain highly crystalline mesoporous TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 mesoporous materials with different crystallinity and textural parameters has been studied in the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) dye molecules under visible light irradiation. Among the mesoporous TiO2 materials studied, the material with the highest crystallinity, prepared at 600 degrees C, showed the best photocatalytic performance in the decomposition of MB under visible light in a short time.     

TiO2负载硅铝陶瓷介孔球对甲基橙吸附和光催化 降解的研究

：以自制硅铝陶瓷介孔球为基体,经溶胶凝胶法制备TiO2溶胶并将其负载于硅铝陶瓷介孔球表面,用于甲基橙溶液的吸附和光催化降解,再利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和可见分光光度计对样品的表观形貌、晶体结构、吸附和光催化性能等进行表征和测定。研究结果表明：TiO2是以粗糙度较高的多层膜包覆于硅铝陶瓷介孔球表面且TiO2为锐钛矿晶型;在黑暗条件下,硅铝陶瓷介孔球和TiO2负载硅铝陶瓷介孔球对甲基橙仅起到吸附作用,且两者的吸附性能较接近;但在紫外光照条件下,TiO2负载硅铝陶瓷介孔球对甲基橙除有吸附作用外还表现出较好的光催化降解活性。     

Effects of Fe-doping on the photocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO2 powders prepared by an ultrasonic method

Highly photoactive nanocrystalline mesoporous Fe-doped TiO(2) powders were prepared by the ultrasonic-induced hydrolysis reaction of tetrabutyl titanate (Ti(OC(4)H(9))(4)) in a ferric nitrate aqueous solution (pH 5) without using any templates or surfactants. The as-prepared samples were characterized by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N(2) adsorption-desorption measurements, UV-visible adsorbance spectra (UV-vis) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic activities were evaluated by the photocatalytic oxidation of acetone in air. The results showed that all the Fe-doped TiO(2) samples prepared by ultrasonic methods were mesoporous nanocrystalline. A small amount of Fe(3+) ions in TiO(2) powders could obviously enhance their photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped TiO(2) powders prepared by this method and calcined at 400 degrees C exceeded that of Degussa P25 (P25) by a factor of more than two times at an optimal atomic ratio of Fe to Ti of 0.25. The high activities of the Fe-doped TiO(2) powders could be attributed to the results of the synergetic effects of Fe-doping, large BET specific surface area and small crystallite size.     

Pt纳米颗粒负载SrTiO3/TiO2异质结结构制备及制氢性能

本文以固定n(Sr)/n(Ti)摩尔比0.4的SrTiO_3/TiO_2(金红石相)异质结纳米颗粒,通过"光催化还原沉积方法"制备不同质量分数的纳米铂颗粒(0、1%、2%、5%),探究其催化活性的变化,采用XRD、SEM、UV-vis、XPS方法对其进行表征,并做了相关光催化分解水产氢性能测试.结果表明:负载贵金属Pt纳米颗粒量越大,对应的Pt晶粒平均尺寸为40.8 nm,1%Pt纳米颗粒SrTiO_3/TiO_2异质结构的BET比表面积在23.195 m~2/g处最高,并且介孔材料的特征是平均Barrett-Joyner-Halenda(BJH)孔径为13.60 nm,总孔体积为0.079 cm~3/g;高BET表面积和大的总孔体积强烈地支持SrTiO_3/TiO_2具有介孔结构的事实;相应的催化剂催化活性越高,其中负载5%Pt纳米颗粒的SrTiO_3/TiO_2纳米颗粒光催化8 h产氢量为3.574 mmol,平均产氢效率为0.447 mmol/(gcat·h),但从性价比的角度来考虑,其催化效率远不及负载1%Pt纳米颗粒的SrTiO_3/TiO_2纳米颗粒催化效率的5倍,因此负载5%Pt的SrTiO_3/TiO_2纳米颗粒光催化效率最高.     

Effect of calcination temperature on the textural properties and photocatalytic activities of highly ordered cubic mesoporous WO3/TiO2 films

Highly organized cubic mesoporous WO3/TiO2 films were successfully prepared by evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) process, employing triblock copolymer as template. The characterization results by XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-Vis. spectrophotometry, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms reveal that the mesoporous films are made up of well-defined 3-D cubic (lm3m space group) mesoporous structure and nanocrystalline anatase frameworks with high surface area, uniform pore sizes and excellent optical transparency. Photocatalytic properties of the mesoporous WO3/TiO2 films in decomposing gaseous 2-propanol to CO2 were analyzed as a function of calcinations temperature. The highest photocatalytic activity was obtained for the films calcined at 450 degrees C, which possess an appropriate crystallinity and relevant ordering of mesoporous structure. It was found that that long-range ordering of mesopores is one of the important factors in determining the photocatalytic degradation of gaseous organics.     

纳米固体超强酸 SO42- /TiO2的氧敏特性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2,再用浸渍法制备纳米固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2,用XRD、TEM、IR、XPS和比表面测量等方法进行表征。结果表明纳米固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2的粒径(≤30nm)比TiO2小,并且具有很大的比表面积,Ti4+离子与SO42-的结合形式为无机双齿螯合型结构,酸强度用乙酸乙脂合成模型实验测定,确定纳米SO42-/TiO2为超强酸(SO42-/TiO2脂产率≥H2SO4脂产率)。利用固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2和纯TiO2纳米粉体分别制作成厚膜型气敏元件,固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2氧敏元件的灵敏度和工作温度等技术指标均优于纯TiO2,还进一步讨论了其氧敏特性和结构之间的关系。     

Aqueous Cr(VI) photo-reduction catalyzed by TiO2 and sulfated TiO2

TiO(2) and sulfated TiO(2) (SO(4)(2-)/TiO(2)) catalysts with different textural properties were prepared under different calcination temperatures and the photo-reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) catalyzed by these catalysts was investigated. For the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI), the photocatalytic activities of the TiO(2) samples were found to be strongly dependent of the calcination temperature and TiO(2) calcined at 400 degrees C showed a higher catalytic activity compared to other TiO(2) catalysts. In contrast, sulfation of TiO(2) stabilized the catalytic activities of SO(4)(2-)/TiO(2) catalysts. At low calcination temperature, SO(4)(2-)/TiO(2) catalysts exhibited catalytic activities almost comparable with that of TiO(2) and the catalytic activities of SO(4)(2-)/TiO(2) catalysts were markedly higher than TiO(2) under high calcination temperature. In addition, the removal of surface SO(4)(2-) of SO(4)(2-)/TiO(2) catalyst led to a marked decrease of the catalytic activity for Cr(VI) photo-reduction, suggesting that the presence of surface SO(4)(2-) provided an acid environment over the catalyst surface and favored the photo-reduction of Cr(VI).     

多孔Ag/TiO2的制备及其光催化性研究

以工业TiOSO4溶液水解得到的多孔偏钛酸为载体,通过光催化还原法制备了多孔Ag/TiO2光催化剂.用XRD、SEM、EDS及低温氮吸附脱附法对样品进行了表征.以光催化氧化降解亚甲基蓝为目标反应,考察了不同制备条件对样品光催化活性的影响.结果表明,制备的Ag/TiO2为负载有非晶态纳米银粒的锐钛矿型TiO2光催化剂,比表面积高达197m2/g,其光催化活性远优于未载银的TiO2.