鳕鱼皮胶原蛋白肽对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用研究

本文对鳕鱼皮胶原蛋白肽(CSCP)在小鼠急性肝损伤中的保护作用进行研究。测定CSCP的急性毒性作用及最大给药剂量;建立CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,检测小鼠血清ALT、AST活性以及肝组织匀浆GSH-Px、SOD活性以及MDA含量;HE染色观察肝脏病理学改变;透射电镜观察肝脏微观结构;蛋白印迹法测定肝组织Bax、Bcl-2、Cleavage Caspase-3、TNF-α蛋白表达量。结果表明CSCP最大给药量达到8.0 g/kg,无小鼠死亡;CSCP组与模型组比较,血清中ALT、AST的活性显著降低,最高降幅达到60%以上;肝组织匀浆中SOD和GSH-Px活性显著增高,分别增加23%和29%;MDA含量显著降低,最高降幅达到38%;HE染色观察肝组织结构明显好转;透射电镜表明肝脏微观结构得到明显改善;Bcl-2蛋白表达量增加,Bax、Cleavage Caspase-3、TNF-α蛋白表达量降低。因此,CSCP对CCl4小鼠急性肝损伤有较明显的保护作用。     

虾青素对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

48只小鼠随机分为六组:空白组、模型组、联苯双酯阳性对照组及虾青素高、中、低剂量组,用腹腔注射CCl4造模成急性肝损伤,24h后测定血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)的含量,以及肝组织中过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量,探讨虾青素对四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠肝损伤的保护作用。结果表明:虾青素能显著降低CCl4致急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性,降低肝匀浆中MDA含量,提高SOD活性。     

花脸蘑多糖对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:研究花脸蘑多糖对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱发的急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:用CCl4建立小鼠急性化学性肝损伤模型,检测花脸蘑多糖对血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性及白蛋白(Alb)含量、肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)及丙二醛(MDA)的含量的影响。结果:花脸蘑多糖明显降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT及AST活性,提高Alb含量及肝组织SOD、GSH-Px活力和GSH含量,并显著降低MDA含量。结论:花脸蘑多糖具有一定的肝保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化作用有关。     

五味子果汁对四氯化碳致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

应用四氯化碳(CCl4)致大鼠急性肝损伤模型研究五味子果汁的护肝作用。实验各组大鼠灌胃相应实验样品,用生物化学法检测大鼠血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性,肝匀浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量,并观察肝组织光镜下病理变化。结果表明五味子果汁可以显著降低CCl4致急性肝损伤大鼠血清中AST和AKP的活性,增强大鼠肝组织匀浆中GHS-Px、SOD和CAT活力,显著降低MDA含量,与模型组相比各果汁组肝脏病理变化显著改善。证明五味子果汁对CCl4致大鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,为五味子果汁在保健食品中的应用提供依据。     

榆干离褶伞发酵液对急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:研究榆干离褶伞发酵液对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱发的急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:用CCl4建立小鼠急性化学性肝损伤模型,检测榆干离褶伞发酵液对血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性以及肝组织白蛋白(Alb)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活力和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果:榆干离褶伞发酵液明显降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT活性,提高SOD、GSH-Px活力及Alb含量并显著降低MDA含量。结论:研究榆干离褶伞发酵液具有一定的肝保护作用,其机制可能与其抗氧化作用有关。     

大豆皂苷对四氯化碳致肝损伤小鼠肝脏氧化应激的干预作用

研究大豆皂苷对四氯化碳(CCl4)所致急性肝损伤小鼠肝脏氧化应激的干预作用。将实验小鼠按体重随机分为5组,即正常对照组、模型对照组、水飞蓟素组(阳性对照组)及大豆皂苷高、低剂量组。每日给药1次,连续7 d。实验末期,除正常对照组外,其余组小鼠腹腔注射CCl4建立急性肝损伤模型,比色法检测血清白蛋白(Alb)含量、血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性以及肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)活性及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果显示,大豆皂苷明显增高CCl4致急性肝损伤小鼠血清Alb水平,降低血清ALT、AST和ALP活性;升高肝组织总SOD、CAT和GPx活性,提高肝GSH水平,降低肝MDA水平;升高肝线粒体Na+-K+-ATPase、Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase和Mn-SOD活性,降低肝线粒体MDA含量。这说明大豆皂苷可降低CCl4致急性肝损伤小鼠肝脏氧化应激,对肝损伤具有保护作用。     

竹叶黄酮对CCl4所致小鼠肝细胞损伤的保护作用

以研究竹叶黄酮对CCl4所致小鼠肝细胞损伤的保护作用为目的,通过建立CCl4损伤肝细胞模型,观察不同剂量的竹叶黄酮对谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)、肝糖元含量的影响,并观察空白对照组、模型组及各剂量组肝组织石蜡切片的病变情况.结果显示,与空白组相比,模型组ALT、AST、MDA显著升高(p＜0.05),肝糖元含量、GSH-Px和SOD活性明显下降(p＜0.05).与模型组比较,在各剂量竹叶黄酮的影响下,ALT、AST和MDA含下降(p＜0.05),GSH-Px、SOD活性和肝糖元含量显著升高(P＜0.05),并呈剂量依赖性,肝组织病变程度明显低于模型组.本实验证明竹叶黄酮对CCl4所致小鼠肝细胞损伤有较好的保护作用.     

人参枳椇子提取物对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:研究人参枳椇子提取物对酒精所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:不同配伍比例的人参枳椇子提取物以100 mg/kg的剂量连续灌胃小鼠3 d后,除正常组外,其余各组小鼠给予体积分数为50%的乙醇(6 g/kg·bw)灌胃,建立一次性暴饮小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤模型。在给予酒精12 h后处死小鼠,检测各组小鼠血清中天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(Aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(Alanine aminotransferase,ALT)的活力及甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High-density lipoproteins,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low-density lipoproteins,LDL-C)的含量,肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)的活力及还原型谷胱甘肽(Glutathione,GSH)、丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量。利用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)的含量变化,并用反转录PCR法检测TNF-α和IL-1β的基因表达水平。结果:与模型组小鼠比较,人参枳椇子提取物能够明显降低由急性酒精摄入引起的血清中AST、ALT活力的升高(p 0.05);降低血清中TG、LDL-C的含量(p 0.05),升高HDL-C的水平(p 0.05),改善脂质代谢失衡;提高肝组织中抗氧化酶SOD和GSH-Px的活力(p 0.05),减少肝组织中GSH损耗并抑制肝组织中MDA含量增加(p 0.05),提高抗氧化能力保护肝脏损伤;下调炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β的表达来减轻炎症损伤(p 0.05)。结论:人参枳椇子提取物对急性酒精诱导的小鼠肝损伤有明显的保护作用。     

密环菌多糖对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

研究密环菌多糖对D-氨基半乳糖致肝细胞损伤的影响。D-氨基半乳糖诱导小鼠急性肝损伤,比色法测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、白蛋白(Alb)、谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST)活力和肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量。密环菌多糖抑制急性肝损伤小鼠ALT、AST和GST活性的升高,并提高SOD、GSH-Px活力和ALB,同时显著降低MDA含量。密环菌多糖具有一定的肝保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化作用有关。     

不同容器发酵水豆豉预防CCl_4诱导肝损伤的研究

本研究对不同容器发酵水豆豉的抗氧化能力以及肝损伤预防效果进行了研究。和肝损伤组小鼠相比(CCl4诱导肝损伤),浓度为4 g/kg的水豆豉乙醇提取物处理的各组小鼠的肝脏重量,肝指数,血清ALT、AST、LDH、MDA、IL-6、IL-12、TNF-α和IFN-γ水平显著降低(p0.05),SOD、GSH-Px的水平显著提高(p0.05)。通过RT-PCT实验也可以看出较肝损伤组水豆豉可以上调小鼠肝脏的Mn-SOD、Gu/Zn-SOD、CAT的表达,下调i NOS、COX-2、IL-lβ、TNF-α表达。通过实验结果可以看出,玻璃容器发酵水豆豉(GVFS)的肝损伤预防效果和抗氧化效果显著优于陶瓷容器发酵水豆豉(CVFS)和塑料容器发酵水豆豉(PVFS)(p0.05)。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.