一种混合整流技术在航空AC/DC变换器中的应用

本文研究了一种新的高功率因数、低电流谐波整流器,它适用于航空115VAC到270VDC的AC/DC变换器。该整流器采用了PWM整流与二极管整流并联结构,其中二极管整流承担绝大多数功率输出,通过适当控制PWM整流器得到低谐波、高功率因数的交流侧电流。该论文对该整流器的模型进行了分析,提出采用基于内模原理和重复控制的控制方法,并且对嵌入内模控制的重复控制器进行了稳定性分析与设计,仿真结果证明该控制器使这种半控型整流系统取得理想的性能。     

电流型PWM整流器的控制器设计

电流型PWM整流器因其良好的功率因数和直流电流源特性,可望在某些场合取代产生大量谐波的二极管或晶闸管相控整流装置,但是由于其本身的强耦合非线性特性,使得变流器常采用复杂的直接电流控制策略,从而使控制器的设计非常复杂。文中提出一种改进的基于d-q坐标系的间接电流控制方法,在电网电压平衡情况下,通过解耦控制,能获得线性的动态响应。     

直接电流控制的三相桥式PWM整流电路的设计与分析

文章对直接电流控制的PWM整流电路开展研究,主要内容如下：（1）设计BOOST型三相桥式PWM整流器的主电路。（2）设计基于直接电流控制的PWM整流电路的控制系统。（3）建立直接电流控制系统Simulink仿真模型,进行仿真分析。仿真结果证明直接电流控制方案使得PWM整流器功率因数接近于1,流入电网的电流基本接近正弦波,对电网的谐波污染小。     

大功率高频微波发生器的PWM整流器研究与应用

大功率高频微波发生器为解决传统的不控整流带来的进线电流谐波大和功率因数低的问题而采用脉宽调制(PWM)整流方式,在分析PWM整流器基本原理和数学模型的基础上,归纳出可行的电流直接控制方式,通过仿真和实验测试,验证了采用该方案的大功率高频微波发生器具有总谐波失真小于5％、功率因数大于0.99、微波频率频宽小于2 MHz、...     

单相三电平PWM整流器3次谐波改善方法

由于三电平整流器功率器件承受电压应力小、输入电流谐波少、正弦度好。因此,文中选取单相三电平PWM整流器为研究对象。分析了各个工作状态下的开关组合及整流器的工作原理,同时选取瞬态直接电流控制作为电流内环控制方法对系统进行了仿真。同时分析了单相PWM整流器网侧电流的3次谐波产生原因,且采用了一种新型谐波抑制方法来消除此3次谐波。通过仿真验证了该新型控制算法对抑制网侧电流3次谐波的有效性,并降低了网侧电流的总谐波畸变率     

基于智能整流技术的电网电流谐波补偿方法研究

目前用于电网电流谐波补偿的电器设备,主要以PWM整流器为主。基于PWM整流器的电源产品只能被动地减小自身向电网输出的谐波电流,而对电网中业已存在的电流谐波污染束手无策。为了解决电网中电流谐波污染以及相关联的电压波形失真问题,采用基于SRM(智能整流模块)技术对电网电流谐波进行补偿。仿真结果表明,基于SRM的电力电子装置在从电网吸取电流并在向负载供电的同时,还能对电网电压的波形进行补偿,使电网电压波形接近正弦波形。     

三相桥式PWM整流电路分析

为了抑制电力电子装置产生的谐波,其中的一种方法就是对整流器本身进行改进,使其尽量不产生谐波。通过对各个电力半导体器件的通断进行PWM调制,使输入电流成为接近正弦且与电源电压同相的PWM波形,从而得到接近1的功率因数。本文主要对电压型三相半桥式PWM整流电路进行分析,在此基础上对PWM整流技术加以探讨,对PWM整流装置的维护和设计有一定参考价值。     

PWM整流器控制技术研究

传统半导体不控或相控整流由于对市电产生大量谐波,威胁电力系统和其他用电负载的安全。而PWM整流器由于具有较高的功率因数,可以实现能量双向流动,因此在中大功率电力电子整流装置中得到广泛应用,文中介绍了PWM整流器拓扑、控制技术、并对其发展进行展望。     

基于电流检测的飞机地面电源同步整流控制

三相整流器作为飞机地面电源的前级为后级电力变换提供稳定的直流母线。飞机地面电源的容量可达100~200kVA,传统的二极管整流方案效率低、损耗大、发热量高、散热问题严峻。针对上述问题提出了一种基于电流检测的大功率同步整流控制方案,其中主电路采用多个功率MOSFET并联取代传统的整流二极管。通过分析整流电路各开关器件的通断状态与输入电流的关系,明确各开关器件的动作规律;进一步检测输入三相电流的大小与方向,提出功率MOSFET的同步整流驱动控制方案。然后考虑实际工程应用因素,设计电流回差方案以产生各功率MOSFET的驱动信号,并考虑霍尔器件、采样电路与控制电路的延迟对回差的各阈值进行修正。最后通过Simulink仿真及工程样机实验平台进行验证,结果显示本文所提方案可有效实现MOSFET的同步整流功能,提高了整流电路的效率,降低了系统的热损耗。     

应用于风力发电永磁同步电机的无速度矢量控制方法

在中小功率风力发电系统中,采用三相PWM整流器取代传统的二极管不控整流方式。介绍了永磁同步电机的无速度控制方法,着重解决了电机飞速跟踪时整流器的启动问题。实验结果验证了该方案的可行性。     

单周期控制三相电压型PWM整流器

文章对基于单周期控制的三相PWM高功率因数整流器进行了研究,推导了单周期控制三相电压型PWM整流器的控制规律。它不需要乘法器更不需要对输入电压进行检测,其控制逻辑简单并且以恒定频率工作,可以在每个开关周期控制输入电流跟踪正弦参考量,从而实现低电流谐波畸变和高功率因数。基于Multisim2001软件平台,建立了基于单周期控制的三相电压型PWM整流器的仿真模型,完成了6kW三相PWM整流器的设计和实验研究,仿真和试验结果都验证了理论分析的正确性。     

Implementation of a three-level rectifier for power factorcorrection

In this paper, a new single-phase switching mode rectifier (SMR) for three-level pulse width modulation (PWM) is proposed to achieve high input power factor, low current harmonics, low total harmonic distortion (THD) and simple control scheme. The mains circuit of the proposed SMR consists of six power switches, one boost inductor, and two DC capacitors. The control algorithm is based on a look-up table. There are five control signals in the input of the look-up table. These control signals are used to control the power flow of the adopted rectifier, compensate the capacitor voltages for the balance problem, draw a sinusoidal line current with nearly unity power factor, and generate a three-level PWM pattern on the AC side of adopted rectifier. The advantages of using three-level PWM scheme compared with two-level PWM scheme are using low voltage stress of power switches, decreasing input current harmonics, and reducing the conduction losses. The performances of the proposed multilevel SMR are measured and shown in this paper. The high power factor and low harmonic currents at the input of the rectifier are verified by software simulations and experimental results from a laboratory prototype     

Low-harmonic GTO converter for fundamental power factorcompensation

A low-harmonic GTO (gate turn-off) thyristor AC-to-DC converter with line current lead-lag phase shift control ability is proposed and analyzed. The converter can be used either as a low-harmonic GTO-controlled rectifier or a fundamental input power factor compensator in a power supply system. The effect of PWM (pulse width modulation) current phase number on the harmonic contents and converter output voltage control range is investigated. Lower order input current harmonics are eliminated over a wide range, using a specially designed PWM current pattern. The effect of the PWM current pulse number on the power factor compensation characteristic is investigated     

A fully software-controlled PWM rectifier with current link

A fully-software-controlled pulse-width-modulated (PWM) rectifier with a current link is presented. The rectifier uses six switches to connect the three-phase source of the load directly. Line power factor is controlled while maintaining DC current. The input filter of the rectifier is analyzed, showing that unity power factor is achieved by the lagging of the input current of the rectifier with respect to the source voltage. The PWM technique is developed using a space vector modulation, and its implementation is carried out with a minimal control hardware structure based on a 16 b single-chip microcomputer. It is shown experimentally that the scheme gives good performance     

A novel control scheme for the multilevel rectifier/inverter

A novel three-level pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifier/inverter is proposed: this single-phase three-level rectifier with power factor correction and current harmonic reduction is proposed to improve power quality. A three-phase three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter is adopted to reduce the harmonic content of the inverter output voltages and currents. In the adopted rectifier, a switching mode rectifier with two AC power switches is adopted to draw a sinusoidal line current in phase with mains voltage. The switching functions of the power switches are based on a look-up table. To achieve a balanced DC-link capacitor voltage, a capacitor voltage compensator is employed. In the NPC inverter, the three-level PWM techniques based on the sine-triangle PWM and space vector modulation are used to reduce the voltage harmonics and to drive an induction motor. The advantages of the adopted th-ree-level rectifier/inverter are (1) the blocking voltage of power devices (T1, T2, S_a1-S_c4) is clamped to half of the DC-link voltage, (2) low conduction loss with low conduction resistance due to low voltage stress, (3) low electromagnetic interference, and (4) low voltage harmonics in the inverter output. Based on the proposed control strategy, the rectifier can draw a high power factor line current and achieve two balance capacitor voltages. The current harmonics generated from the adopted rectifier can meet the international requirements. Finally, the proposed control algorithm is illustrated through experimental results based on the laboratory prototype.     

A fuzzy-controlled active front-end rectifier with current harmonicfiltering characteristics and minimum sensing variables

A control strategy which allows conventional voltage-source current-controlled (VSCC) pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifiers to work simultaneously as active power filters is presented. The proposed control strategy also allows compensating the system power factor and compensating unbalanced loads. The measurement and/or calculation of the harmonics and reactive power are not required, making the proposed control scheme very simple. The active front-end rectifier acts directly on the mains line currents, forcing them to be sinusoidal and in phase with the mains voltage supply. To improve the dynamic of the system, the amplitude of the current is controlled by a fuzzy system, which adjusts the DC-link voltage of the PWM rectifier. The strategy is based on connecting all the polluting loads between the PWM rectifier and their input current sensors. The main advantages of this approach are the following: (1) there is no need to install a specially dedicated active power filter; (2) it also works simultaneously as a power factor compensator; and (3) no special and complicated calculations are required for harmonic elimination. The viability of the proposed active front-end rectifier is proved by simulation and with experimental results obtained from a 2 kVA PWM prototype     

基于双向PWM变换器的微燃机发电系统起动／发电控制研究

针对微型燃气轮机（微燃机）发电系统的特点,建立了以电压型双向脉宽调制（PwM）变换器为功率变换装置的起动／发电控制模型。微型燃气轮机发电系统起动时,采用矢量控制;发电运行时,采用电压外环电流内环的双环PWM整流控制。仿真实验结果表明：起动时,高速永磁同步电机（PMSG）采用矢量控制比速度开环控制性能更优,减少了起动时间,满足快速起动的要求;发电运行时,与二极管整流相比,PWM整流能使交流侧电流跟踪发电机的感应电动势,功率因数约为1,降低了发电机侧的电流谐波,即减少了谐波热。同时保证了发电机在一定宽速范围内,输出直流电压稳定,并且在起动一发电过渡转换过程中,直流母线电压降落后,快速恢复为稳定值,满足平滑转换的要求。     

一种同步整流DC-DC转换器PWM控制电路设计

设计了一种改进的PWM控制电路,将电流采样电路和PWM比较器归结为一个PWM电流比较器,减少了电路规模。将误差放大器输出与锯齿波斜坡补偿信号叠加,产生叠加输出电流,并通过PWM电流比较器输出一个占空比信号,以控制功率管的通断。电压信号转换为电流信号,从而使控制回路反应速度更快。将PWM控制电路应用于一款BUCK型DC-DC同步整流开关电源稳压器中。HSPICE仿真表明,稳压器输出纹波电压为±4mV,输出电压精度为±1%。     

Regulation of a PWM rectifier in the unbalanced network state usinga generalized model

This study concerns the modeling and control of a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) rectifier in the case of network variations. The aim is to limit and stabilize variations of DC output voltage and line currents in such circumstances. Network variations can result in costly damage to power converters and their loads but a power converter such as the PWM rectifier, using cascade digital control, offers many capabilities to stabilize the system with optimized control. A generalized model of the PWM rectifier is first presented using the Clarke notation in order to separate the positive and negative sequences. The model is also extended to the harmonics. The cases of harmonic disturbance and an unbalanced network are then analyzed and an optimized regulation is presented for the latter case, validating the generalized model. Experimental results are proposed. The line current compensation loop method coupled with identification of network parameters offers a good solution to stabilize the PWM rectifier in an unbalanced network     

A three-phase half-controlled rectifier with pulse width modulation

A three-phase pulse-width-modulated (PWM) half-controlled rectifier using a novel PWM control strategy whereby the low-order harmonic content in both the input current and the output voltage is reduced is presented. The circuit operates with a unity displacement factor at its input and uses minimum power components. The PWM strategy developed can be implemented on a three-phase half-controlled rectifier bridge with only three controlled switches to obtain PWM controlled rectification. Although the circuit operation is explained with force-commutated SCR switches, the basic controlled PWM operation is valid for any type of switch control. The circuit has wide applications ranging from rectifiers to battery chargers to motor drives. Even if an input current filter is desired, its size will be small due to the PWM pattern used