多路电荷灵敏前置放大器

介绍了一种多路电荷灵敏前置放大器,其路数最多为8路,它有功耗低,体积小,价格低廉,使用方便等特点,并对它的设计以及特点作了较详细的阐述.     

Application of CMOS charge-sensitive preamplifier in triple-GEM detector

1 Introduction With novel materials and advanced technique of printed circuit board (PCB) and micro-electronics be- ing used in MPGD, over the past two decades, great progress has been made in MPGD[1], and as a new type of MPGD, the GEM[2] detector was developed during the late 1990s. Standard GEM from CERN is a thin, two-side copper-coated Kapton foil, perforated with a high density of holes etched using a photolitho- graphic process. The diameter of these holes is about 70 μm (ext…     

CMOS low-noise switched charge sensitive preamplifier for CdTe andCdZnTe X-ray detectors

CdTe and CdZnTe X-ray detector arrays for imaging and spectroscopy provide low capacitance current sources with low leakage currents. The optimal shaping time for low-noise operation is relatively high in CMOS analog channels that provide the readout for these detectors. The shaper is centered at lower frequencies, and thus the 1/f noise from the electronics is the main noise source that limits the resolution of the channel. The optimal dimensions of the input stage MOSFET are determined by this noise. In this paper a design criterion for the optimization of the resolution and the power consumption in a 1/f noise dominated readout is introduced. A readout based on CMOS switched charge sensitive preamplifier without feedback resistor has been designed and fabricated in the CMOS 2-μ low-noise analog process provided by MOSIS. This design provides high sensitivity and the possibility to integrate a large number of channels with low power consumption. Measurements of the performance of a first prototype chip are presented     

Monolithic junction field-effect transistor charge preamplifier forcalorimetry at high luminosity hadron colliders

The outstanding noise and radiation hardness characteristics of epitaxial-channel junction field-effect transistors (JFET) suggest that a monolithic preamplifier based on them may be able to meet the strict specifications for calorimetry at high luminosity colliders. Results obtained so far with a buried layer planar technology, among them an entire monolithic charge-sensitive preamplifier, are described. Tests have demonstrated that the noise behavior of the preamplifier is close to that which would be expected if the total noise referred at the preamplifier input were the thermal noise in the input JFET device; that is, the monolithic circuit approaches the noise performances of a hybrid preamplifier using discrete JFETs     

低噪声脉冲光反馈电荷灵敏前置放大器的进展

本文介绍用于低能X射线Si(Li)谱仪低噪声脉冲光反馈电荷灵敏前置放大器的进展,其零电容电子学噪声FWHM=85-110eV(对Si),并给出实验结果。     

用于硅多条阵列探测器的48路前置电荷灵敏放大器的研制

介绍了一套用于硅多条阵列探测器中的高密度多通道电荷灵敏放大器的研制和阵列探测器电子学的发展现状和工作原理,提出了设计原则和设计思路,特别介绍了一个新开发的用于硅多条探测器中的48路电荷灵敏前置放大器的设计和实际测量结果.它具有低成本、高密度的特点,好于1%的能量分辨和良好的长期稳定性.     

一种新型的电流灵敏前置放大器

低噪声，数字化，集成度高的数据采集系统是当今辐射成像测量中的关键技术之一，针对这些要求提出了一种不同传统的阻容反馈式的前置放大器电路形式。     

便携式X荧光分析仪前置放大器的设计

介绍了一种新型高速低噪声器的电荷灵敏前置放大器,该放大器已应用于便携式X射线荧光分析仪中,它具有电路结构简单、性能可靠、线性度较好、输出信号上升时间快、噪声低等特点,有较好的性能价格比。     

Design and simulation of charge sensitive preamplifier with CMOS FET implemented as feedback capacitor Cfp

In this paper,to design a new preamplifier for optimum performances with charged-particle or heavy-ion detectors,the CMOS FET is implemented as a feedback capacitor Cfp.so that the entire system should be built only with MOSFET.This work is a revolution design because to realize an ASIC for a preamplifier circuit,the capacitor will also be included.We succeed after a simulation to maintain a rise time less than 3 ns,the output resistance less than 94 Ω and the linearity almost good.     

改进的CMOS电荷灵敏前放噪声优化设计方法

CMOS专用集成电荷灵敏前放的噪声性能对于辐射探测非常关键.提出了一种改进的CMOS电荷灵敏前放低噪声设计方法,通过实例计算得到的噪声结果比现有方法都有不同程度的提高.     

开关型积分电荷灵敏前放的研究

介绍了开关电荷灵敏前放应用于高能X射线成像系统中的主要优点,初步分析了此类前放的主要噪声源,并实验比较了开关前放和传统电荷灵敏前放的噪声指标,结果显示开关前放的确因为去掉了反馈电阻的热噪声贡献而使并联电流噪声得以改善。     

ICON, a current mode preamplifier in CMOS technology for use withhigh rate particle detectors

The ICON current mode preamplifier intended for use in experiments at high-rate hadron colliders is described. The transient response and noise performance are analyzed. One chip has been made using an ICON circuit with resistive feedback to produce a preamplifier with a peaking time of below 10 ns. This fast preamplifier has a gain of 870 mV/pC and a power dissipation of around 1 mW. Another chip was made using the ICON circuit as the front-end to a dual-port analog memory. The noise measured is between 2400 e^- and 3000 e^-. An important characteristic of ICON is that it can tolerate a detector leakage current of 10 μA at the DC-coupled input. Therefore, it is very suitable for silicon detector systems under severe radiation conditions     

基于ORCAD/PSPICE的电荷灵敏前置放大器仿真分析

使用电路仿真软件ORCAD/PSPICE,对电荷灵敏前置放大器的灵敏度、频率响应、噪声和温度效应等主要特性进行了仿真分析,仿真结果与理论结果相符合.这为分析、优化前置放大器的性能提供了一种便捷可靠的方法.     

Development of an effective dose calculation method for the downstairs room of a linac facility

ABSTRACT

An effective dose calculation method is important in the design of efficient shields in radiation facilities. Some analytical methods have been shown to provide a simple and quick design analysis; however, no suitable method exists that can be applied to a room located directly under an X-ray irradiation room. We propose a new analytical method that uses the multiple reflection ratio predetermined by a Monte Carlo simulation and the differential dose albedo given by the Chilton–Huddleston semi-empirical equation. Our method is verified by comparison with the Monte Carlo simulation, performed for the case of an electron linac facility with an accelerated energy of 10 MeV, where the shielding floor has a thickness of 1.6–2.0 m and the downstairs room has a height of 0.5–1.5 m. The difference between the effective X-ray doses in the downstairs room calculated via the proposed analytical method and the Monte Carlo simulation is less than 25% when the horizontal distance from the X-ray beam to the evaluation point exceeds 3 m and the evaluation point is set at half of the height of the room. The new analytical method can be efficiently and accurately applied to the calculation of the effective dose.     

基于orCAD的电荷灵敏前置放大器仿真设计

叙述了使用orCAD软件仿真电荷灵敏前置放大器的方法,半导体辐射探测器的电荷仿真信号源的设计,讲述了一个仿真设计实例。结果说明软件仿真精度能够满足设计要求,可以代替大部分实验。     

Multiple Scattering Streaming of Gamma-Rays through Cylindrical Ducts

A semi-analytic Monte Carlo calculation has been applied to the duct streaming problem. The first positions of collision of photons are selected systematically in a certain volume surrounding the duct, and further scattering positions determined by the random walks of the photons. The expectation value that the photons arrive at the duct exit from their scattering point are integrated over the volume.

The multiple scattering doses through ducts surrounded by a lead and water shield are presented. The ratio between scattered and unscattered dose is about 40% for duct in water when E ₀=1 MeV and L/R ₀=10; the ratio decreases with increase of E ₀ and L/R ₀. It also decreases with increasing atomic numbers of the shield materials. A large part of the scattered dose consists of once scattered photons. The statistical deviation of the calculated dose is about 5% for 6,000–8,000 histories, when the relative dose attenuation is of the order of 10^-6.

The buildup factors of γ-rays from a point isotropic source for a slab shield are also obtained using the above method; the results agree well with those by the moments method.     

A low noise charge sensitive preamplifier with switch control feedback resistance

In this paper, the design and analysis of a new low noise charge sensitive preamplifier for silicon strip, Si（Li）, CdZnTe and CsI detectors etc. with switch control feedback resistance were described, the entire system to be built using the CMOS transistors. The circuit configuration of the CSP proposed in this paper can be adopted to develop CMOS-based Application Specific Integrated Circuit further for Front End Electronics of read-out system of nuclear physics, particle physics and astrophysics research, etc. This work is an implemented design that we succeed after a simulation to obtain a rise time less than 3ns, the output resistance less than 94Ω and the linearity almost good.     

硅多条阵列探测器多路电荷灵敏前置放大器研制

本文简要介绍了应用于阵列探测器特别是硅多条阵列探测器的高密度多路前置放大器和前端电子学的发展现状、工作原理、设计要求和设计思路.同时,介绍了一套新开发的用于硅多条探测器中的48路电荷灵敏前置放大器的电路设计和实际测量结果,它具有低成本、高密度、好于1%的能量分辨和良好的长期稳定性.     

两种用于氡气测量装置的电荷灵敏前置放大器的研制

介绍了两种用于氡气测量装置的电荷灵敏前置放大器的实例,给出了设计思想、调试过程和技术指标,说明了它们不同的应用场合。     

Fiber optic-type compact dosimeter using Nd:YAG for basement investigation inside primary containment vessel

ABSTRACT

For decommissioning the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station, information on the radiation environment such as dose rate and radionuclides inside the primary containment vessel (PCV) is crucial. The authors have developed a fiber optic-type compact dosimeter and demonstrated it for a basement investigation inside the PCV of Unit 1. The dosimeter consisted of a Nd:YAG crystal that emitted infrared photons of 1064 nm by gamma-ray irradiation, an optical fiber as signal transmitter, and a measurement instrument for pulse height analysis. The dose rate linearity of the dosimeter was evaluated in the dose rate range from 0.01 to 8760 Gy/h by using gamma rays emitted from Co-60. The Nd:YAG crystal installed in a sensor unit was placed in a shape changing robot, PMORPH2, and dose rate distributions were obtained at 10 measurement points. The dose rate increased gradually when the sensor unit was close to the surface of some sediment. A comparison of measured dose rate attenuations obtained at two measurement points and calculated results showed that Cs-137 might stay on the surface or inside the sediment as the dominate radionuclide.