滑动接枝共聚物/丁腈橡胶复合材料及其阻尼性能

将丁腈橡胶（NBR）与预硫化滑动接枝共聚物（SGC）混合制备SGC/NBR复合材料,并采用DSC、橡胶加工分析仪（RPA）、TEM和FTIR等研究了预硫化温度对复合材料内部结构及动态力学性能的影响。结果表明:SGC作为分散相在NBR基体中形成了海岛结构,且与NBR 大分子之间形成了分子间氢键,使两相相容性较好并形成了明显的界面作用区。界面作用区的存在使SGC/NBR复合材料的玻璃化转变温度与纯NBR基体相比升高,同时使复合材料的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率等力学性能显著增强,并出现了明显的拉伸取向。由于SGC与NBR之间分子链的扩散以及氢键作用,使分子链σ单键的内旋转受阻,旋转时需要消耗能量以克服所受的阻力,造成SGC/NBR复合材料的损耗因子明显增加,其中预硫化温度为160℃时阻尼效果最好。SGC/NBR复合材料在建筑桥梁振动频率应变变形范围内表现出优异的损耗性能,可应用于高阻尼隔震支座。      

受阻酚/丁腈橡胶复合材料的结构与性能

在丁腈橡胶中添加受阻酚AO-60制备受阻酚/丁腈橡胶复合材料。利用差示扫描量热(DSC)、 扫描电镜(SEM)、 X射线衍射(XRD)、 动态力学分析(DMTA)等测试手段对该复合材料的结构进行了表征, 并对其动态力学性能进行了研究。结果表明: 该复合材料中受阻酚AO-60的结晶性能发生变化, 由结晶态转变为无定形态。AO-60在丁腈橡胶基体中形成了富集区, 在AO-60分子间和AO-60与NBR分子之间形成了大量的氢键。该复合材料不仅存在丁腈橡胶的玻璃化转变, 还有两次异常的松弛过程, 这归因于体系中分子间氢键的解离。该复合材料具有很高的损耗性能, 有很好的阻尼材料应用前景。      

Novel polysiloxane microspheres: Preparation and application in chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) damping composites

Polysiloxane microspheres (PSM) were prepared from a linear siloxane polymer by a simple emulsion procedure. Then, novel modified polysiloxane microspheres (MPSM) containing Si-OH groups were generated by introducing of organic hindered phenol groups, which were exploited for the functionalization of the microspheres with hydroxyl groups. The structure and properties of PSM and MPSM were revealed by various analysis, such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, TG, BET, etc. These polysiloxane microspheres, PSM and MPSM, were then used as rubber reinforcing fillers. The PSM and MPSM offered obvious effects on the properties of chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) and can improve its damping performance in a different agree. In addition, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, tensile properties, and toughing and damping mechanisms of the rubber composites were also investigated.     

尼龙6/橡胶/天然粘土纳米复合材料的制备及其力学性能

采用一种新型的超细全硫化粉末橡胶/蒙脱土复合粉末(UFPRM),可以制备出剥离型的尼龙6/橡胶/天然粘土(尼龙6/UFPRM)纳米复合材料,所用的橡胶是一种具有特殊结构的超细全硫化粉末橡胶(UFPR).微观分析表明,橡胶粒子在尼龙6基体中分散良好,同时天然粘土在橡胶粒子之间的基体中剥离.在一定份数下,复合粉末可以同时提高尼龙6的韧性、刚性及耐热性;随着复合粉末含量的增加,材料的冲击强度进一步增加.而且,复合粉末对高分子量尼龙6的增强、增韧效果好于低分子量尼龙6.进一步研究发现,在适当的剪切速率下,尼龙6/橡胶/天然粘土纳米复合材料可以获得较好的综合力学性能.     

羧基丁苯/受阻酚阻尼材料的性能研究

通过向极性的橡胶基体羧基丁苯(CSBR)中添加受阻酚,制备了一系列羧基丁苯/受阻酚阻尼材料.通过动态力学分析表明,受阻酚与基体CSBR具有较好的相溶性,并且该类材料具有很好的阻尼性能.这种材料中受阻酚与基体橡胶形成了分子间的氢键,在受到交变的机械应力作用下,氢键会断裂而消耗大量的能量,从而具有良好的阻尼性能.这类材料的玻璃化转变温度较高,损耗因子(tanδ)出峰位置都高于室温,这类阻尼材料可以应用于室温附近,解决了橡胶材料只能用作低温阻尼材料使用的问题.     

受阻酚AO-60/丁腈橡胶-环氧化天然橡胶-天然橡胶复合材料的制备及其阻尼性能

选用受阻酚AO-60/丁腈橡胶（NBR）（质量比40:100）作为阻尼相,环氧化天然橡胶（ENR）作为相容剂,制备了AO-60/NBR-ENR-天然橡胶（NR）复合材料。研究发现,复合材料的微观结构呈"海岛结构",当质量比NR/NBR为60:40和50:50时,体系中出现双连续相结构。复合材料呈现两个玻璃化转变温度,分别出现在-60℃附近和-10℃附近;随着AO-60/NBR质量比的增加,在-20~40℃温度范围内复合材料的有效阻尼温域从0℃拓宽到35.9℃,且损耗因子随应变增大有小幅提升。复合材料在低应变下呈现低应力,表现出高柔性,同时其在较高应变下存在应力突变点,表现出较高的拉伸强度和扯断伸长率。      

受阻酚/羧基丁腈橡胶复合材料的结构及动态力学性能

将羧基丁腈橡胶(XNBR)和受阻酚2,2′-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚) (AO-2246)混合制备出挤压和未挤压AO-2246/XNBR复合材料,并对其结构及动态力学性能进行了研究。研究结果表明,AO-2246在XN2BR基体中的分散状态对体系的动态力学性能影响较大。在未挤压样品中,大部分AO-2246分子以晶体颗粒的形式存在,体系的损耗因子(tanδ)比纯XNBR基体低;而在挤压样品中,由于热压淬火过程中两组分发生杂化,体系的tanδ值明显增大,体系的阻尼性能显著提高。差示扫描量热(DSC)分析和扫描电镜(SEM)观察表明,当AO-2246质量分数高于40%后,杂化体系中AO-2246以3 种形态存在：杂化形态、微相分离态以及结晶态,它们共同对体系的动态力学性能产生影响。AO-2246质量分数为50%的杂化体系的tanδ峰峰值高达3.5,同时该峰位置由低温区向高温方向移动至室温附近,从而使AO-2246/XNBR复合材料成为一种极具潜力的高性能阻尼材料。     

纳米有机蛭石/天然橡胶复合材料的制备及性能

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为插层剂, 用球磨法对蛭石进行了快速有机插层, 用过熔融共混法制备出纳米有机蛭石/ 天然橡胶复合材料。用XRD、SEM、TEM 对其微观结构进行了表征与分析, 证明蛭石以纳米片层分散在天然橡胶基体中。力学性能测试表明: 复合材料拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、300 %定伸强度、邵氏A 硬度、撕裂强度得到明显的改善。DMA、DSC 测试表明: 复合材料的模量具有明显的提高, 而玻璃化转变温度无明显变化。可见有机插层蛭石对天然橡胶的综合性能具有较明显的改善作用。      

受阻酚AO-60/丁腈橡胶复合材料的结构与动态力学性能

在丁腈橡胶(NBR)中添加受阻酚AO-60制备受阻酚/丁腈橡胶复合材料。利用DSC、SEM、动态力学分析仪(DMA)等测试手段对该复合材料的结构进行了表征,并研究了其动态力学性能。结果表明:AO-60在不同的NBR基体中的分散情况不同。在丙烯腈质量分数为35%的NBR基体(N230S)中,AO-60形成了精细的分散结构,且与NBR大分子之间形成了强烈的分子间作用力,两相相容性好。与纯NBR基体相比,AO-60/NBR复合材料的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)随着AO-60含量的增加逐渐升高,损耗因子(tanδ)逐渐增大,阻尼性能提高。同时,AO-60/N230S复合材料表现出更好的阻尼性能。     

Gd_2O_3空心微球的制备及Gd_2O_3/丁基橡胶复合材料低频阻尼性能

以分散聚合法制备的聚苯乙烯(PS)微球作为模板,通过均相沉淀法制备前驱体PS-Gd(OH)CO_3复合微球,高温煅烧后得到Gd_2O_3空心微球,将其与丁基橡胶复合制备低频高阻尼Gd_2O_3/丁基橡胶复合材料。采用FTIR、SEM、TEM分析、TG分析仪、XRD分析和XPS对Gd_2O_3空心微球的形貌与结构组成进行表征。将Gd_2O_3空心微球与粉体分别作为填料加入丁基橡胶中制备Gd_2O_3/丁基橡胶复合材料。结果表明:Gd_2O_3空心微球由立方萤石结构的颗粒组成,外空心直径为0.9μm,壳层厚度约为100nm;添加空心微球的复合材料阻尼性能较好;与纯丁基橡胶相比,Gd_2O_3/丁基橡胶复合材料的低频阻尼性能明显提高。     

超细晶铜力学和阻尼性能及微观结构研究

在众多阻尼材料中,金属阻尼材料既能满足高阻尼减振降噪性能,又具有较高的强度,是理想的阻尼材料.为了提高商业纯铜的力学性能,分析晶粒细化程度对纯铜力学性能和阻尼性能的影响,在室温下对商业纯铜棒进行12道次BC路径等通道转角挤压(ECAP)实验.对挤压后样品进行单轴微拉伸试验和高循环拉伸疲劳试验研究其力学性能;通过动态力学...     

丁腈橡胶/酚醛树脂/受阻酚AO60三元阻尼橡胶的结构与性能

在丁腈橡胶(NBR)中添加酚醛(PR)和受阻酚AO60,制备NBR/PR/A060三元共混橡胶.采用扫描电子显微镜表征了NBR/PR/AO60三元共混橡胶的结构,并研究了其阻尼性能和力学性能.结果表明,在共混橡胶体系中添加少量的AO60,可保持较好的相容性,提高其力学性能;但添加质量超过30份,则导致宏观的相分离和AO60的自聚,力学性能降低.在动态力学性能的温度谱中均呈现双峰特征.与NBR/PR硫化橡胶相比,添加了AO60的共混橡胶具有更大的阻尼耗散能量和更宽的温域,是一种具有应用前景的高阻尼材料.     

原位TiB2/7055铝基复合材料的力学性能与阻尼性能

采用混合盐法制备了原位TiB2颗粒增强7055铝基复合材料,研究了该复合材料的力学性能和阻尼性能.结果表明:随着TiB2颗粒质量分数的增加,复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度提高;在阻尼测试的温度、频率范围内,复合材料的阻尼性能随着温度的提高和TiB2颗粒含量的增加而提高.复合材料的强化机制主要是位错强化和弥散强化;复合材料阻尼性能提高的主要机制是位错阻尼和界面阻尼.     

PVDF对芳纶无纺布/环氧树脂共固化复合材料力学和阻尼性能的影响

为评价热塑性结晶聚合物聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)对共固化复合材料动态力学和阻尼性能的影响,首先,将PVDF负载到芳纶无纺布(ANF)上,采用共固化工艺制备了PVDF-ANF/环氧树脂(EP)结构阻尼复合材料。然后,利用动态机械分析仪测试了PVDF-ANF/EP复合材料的损耗因子、损耗模量和储能模量的温度谱;通过弯曲强度、弯曲模量和层间剪切强度的测试评价了复合材料的静态力学性能;通过单悬臂梁振动实验测试了复合材料的共振频率及自由振动衰减曲线,并计算了损耗因子;通过I型、II型层间断裂韧性实验及断面微观形貌的观察研究了复合材料的断裂韧性及增韧机制。最后,对复合材料的微观结构进行分析,探讨了其兼具力学性能和阻尼性能的结构内因。结果表明:通过在ANF表面负载PVDF,可在不引起复合材料力学性能明显下降的前提下,进一步提高PVDF-ANF/EP复合材料的阻尼性能和层间断裂韧性,复合材料的损耗因子提高了33.3%,I型和II型断裂韧性分别提高了168%和208%。     

Crosslinked natural rubber nanocomposites reinforced with cellulose whiskers isolated from bamboo waste: Processing and mechanical/thermal properties

Crosslinked natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites were prepared using cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) that were extracted from bamboo pulp residue of newspaper production, as the reinforcing phase. The coagulated NR latex containing bamboo nanowhiskers (master batch) was compounded with solid NR and vulcanizing agents using a two-roll mill and subsequently cured to introduce crosslinks in the NR phase. No evidence of micro-scaled aggregates of cellulose nanowhiskers in NR matrix was observed in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images. The addition of CNWs had a positive impact on the tensile strength, E-modulus, storage modulus, tan delta peak position and thermal stability of the crosslinked NR. Theoretical modeling of the mechanical properties showed a lower performance than predicated and therefore further process optimization and/or compatibilization are required to reach the maximum potential of these nanocomposites.     

Synthesis and characterizations of modified expanded graphite/emulsion styrene butadiene rubber nanocomposites: Mechanical,dynamic mechanical and morphological properties

The present research work demonstrated the reinforcing effect of expanded graphite (EG) and modified EG (MEG) with and without carbon black (CB) on the physical, mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of emulsion polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) vulcanizates. In separate batches, EG and MEG flakes with and without CB were incorporated into the SBR by melt blending. The microstructures of the nanocomposites were precisely characterized by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM). EG and MEG filled SBR compounds showed improvement in the curing features, mechanical, thermal and dynamic mechanical properties than their respective controls.     

TGBAPB/F-MF hybrid epoxy nanocomposites with improved mechanical,thermal, thermo-mechanical and dielectric properties

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - To generate hybrid high functionality epoxy nanocomposites, different weight percentages of amine-functionalized mullite fiber (F-MF) were...     

New starch capsules with antistatic,anti-wear and superlubricity properties

Adsorption of drug powder is caused by triboelectrification on the surface of starch capsule during filling process. Furthermore, high wear rate and poor water lubricity also hinder the further practical applications of traditional starch capsule. To solve these problems, a glycerol-modified starch capsule with perfect anti-triboelectrification and enhanced lubrication performance was fabricated. Hydrogen bond between glycerol and starch molecules could reduce the bound water content on the capsule surface and thus realizes anti-triboelectrification. By adding glycerol, a three-tier structure composed of starch-glycerol-water is formed through hydrogen bonding on the surface of the starch film, which has been proven to be favorable for lubrication performance. When 5% glycerol is added, the short-circuit current (I_sc) of starch-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is reduced by 86%, and the wear volume of the starch film is reduced by 89%. Under water lubrication condition, the lubrication performance of the starch-glycerol film can reach the super lubricated level with a friction coefficient of about 0.005. This work provides a new route to obtain modified starch capsules with improved anti-triboelectrification property, reduced wear rate and superlubricity property.     

Eco-friendly polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/bamboo charcoal (BC) nanocomposites with superior mechanical and thermal properties

Carbon-based nanofillers, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene sheets are considered as effective nanoreinforcements due to their unique structures and material performance. However, the utilisation of such nanofillers can be hindered owing to a high level of nanotoxicity via human inhalation and high material cost for CNTs, as well as the tendency to form agglomerates of graphene sheets in polymer matrices. Bamboo charcoals (BCs) are eco-friendly and sustainable carbon-based particles, which possess good affinity with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), one of popular water soluble biopolymers, to achieve excellent properties of PVA/BC nanocomposites. In particular, porous structures of BC particles enable polymeric molecules to easily penetrate with the strong internal bonding. In this study, fully eco-friendly PVA/BC nanocomposite films were successfully fabricated using a simple solution casting method to achieve the high dispersibility of BCs. With the inclusion of only 3 wt% BCs, tensile modulus and tensile strength of PVA/BC nanocomposite films were enhanced by 70.2 and 71.6%, respectively, when compared with those of PVA films. Better thermal stability is manifested for resulting nanocomposite films as opposed to that of pristine PVA, which is evidenced by the maximum increase of 17.8% in the decomposition temperature at the weight loss of 80%. It is anticipated that BCs can compete against conventional carbon-based nanofillers with a great potential to be developed into eco-friendly nanocomposites used for thin-film packaging application.