Effects of rare earth on inclusions and corrosion resistance of 10PCuRE weathering steel

The types,morphologies and distributions of nonmetallic inclusions in Cu-P weathering steels with and without rare earth were analyzed through a quantitative image analyzer,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)attached to SEM.Solid-soluble content of rare earth in the steels was analyzed by non-aqua electroanalysis and ICP.The results showed that rare earth modified the types and the morphologies of inclusions in the weathering steels.The small spherical rare earth oxysulfides and rare earth sulphides replaced the elongated MnS inclusions in the RE weathering steels.The rare earth inclusions dispersedly distributed and most inclusions were smaller than 2 μm in size.The optimum content of RE was 0.0065%-0.016% for 10PCuRE weathering steels containing about0.002% oxygen and 0.004% sulfur.Solid-soluble content of rare earth in steels was(14-20)x 10-6,which can act as a micro-alloying element.The corrosion resistance of 10PCuRE weathering steels and Q235 were studied by dry-wet cyclic immersion test.Their corrosion rates were obtained respectively.The polarization curves and pitting corrosion behaviors of weathering steels with and without rare earth were measured by electrochemical methods.The corrosion resistance of Cu-P weathering steels was improved by adding an appropriate amount of rare earth.Less and fewer rare earth inclusions largely decreased pitting susceptibility and rate of pit propagation.The pitting potential and the resistance against pitting corrosion of the RE weathering steel were significantly improved due to the modification of rare earth to inclusions.     

Lanthanide NIR luminescence for telecommunications, bioanalyses and solar energy conversion

Present-day advanced technologies heavily rely on the exciting magnetic and spectroscopic properties of lanthanide ions. In particular, their ability to generate well-characterized and intense near-infrared (NIR) luminescence is exploited in any modern fiber-optic telecommunication network. In this feature article, we first summarize the whereabouts underlying the design of highly luminescent NIR molecular edifices and materials. We then focus on describing the main trends in three applications related to this spectral range: telecommunications, biosciences, and solar energy conversion. In telecommunications, efforts concentrate presently on getting easily processable polymer-based waveguide amplifiers. Upconversion nanophosphors emitting in the visible after NIR excitation are now ubiquitous in many bioanalyses while their application to bio-imaging is still in its early stages; however, highly sensitive NIR-NIR systems start to be at hand for both in vitro and in vivo imaging, as well as dual probes combining magnetic resonance and optical imaging. Finally, both silicon-based and dye-sensitized solar cells benefit from the downconversion and upconversion capabilities of lanthanide ions to harvest UV and NIR solar light and to boost the overall quantum efficiency of these next-generation devices.     

Evaluation of D113 cation exchange resin for the removal of Eu(Ⅲ) from aqueous solution

Batch adsorption experiments were conducted for the adsorption of Eu(Ⅲ) ions from aqueous solution by D113 resin. The results indicated that D113 resin could adsorb Eu(Ⅲ) ion effectively from aqueous solution. The adsorption was strongly dependent on pH of the medium with enhanced adsorption as the pH turned from 3.50 to 7.00 and the optimal adsorption condition was in HAc-NaAc medium with pH value of 6.50. The maximum uptake capacity of Eu(Ⅲ) ions was 290.9 mg/g D113 at 298 K, at an initial pH value of 6.50. The overall adsorption process was best described by Lagergren-first-order kinetics. When Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were tested, the latter had a better fit with the experimental data. The thermodynamic parameters such as free energy (G) which were all negative, indicated that the adsorption of Eu(Ⅲ) ions onto D113 resin was spontaneous and the positive value of enthalpy (H) showed that the adsorption was endothermic in nature. Thomas model was applied to experimental column data to determine the characteristic parameters of column useful for process design. Furthermore, Eu(Ⅲ) could be eluted by using 3.0 mol/L HCl solution and the D113 resin could be regenerated and reused.     

Phase structure and temperature dependent luminescence properties of Sr2LiSiO4F: Eu2+ and Sr2MgSi2O7: Eu2+ phosphors

Green-emitting Sr2LiSiO4F:Eu2+ and blue-emitting Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+ phosphors were synthesized by the conventional high temperature solid-state route,respectively.Their structures and photoluminescenee properties were comparatively investigated.It was found that the mixture phases of Sr2MgSi2O7 and SrF2 were obtained when a part of Sr2+ in Sr2LiSiO4F was replaced by some amount of Mg2+ in order to design the possible SrMgLiSiO4F:Eu2+ phosphor.Based on the photoluminescence analysis,Sr2LiSiO4F:Eu2+ phosphor exhibited a green broad emission band of main peak at 513 nm under the excitation of 365 nm,while the Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+ and SrMgLiSiO4F:Eu2+ phosphor showed blue emission centered at 467 nm.The temperature dependent photoluminescence properties and room temperature decay time for the three kinds of phosphors were also discussed in this paper.     

Er3+-substituted W-type barium ferrite: preparation and electromagnetic properties

Er3+-substituted W-type barium ferrites Ba1-xErx(Zn0.3Co0.7)2Fe16O27(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)were synthesized by polymer adsorbent combustion method.Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD),X-ray fluorescence(XRF),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and network analyzer to investigate the relationships among Er3+concentration,crystal structure,surface mcrphology and electromagnetic properties.All the XRD patterns showed pure phase of W-type barium ferrite when x≤0.15,while the impurity phase of ErFeO3 appeared when x=0.20.The pure W-type barium ferrite showed a hexagonal flake shape.In addition,the microwave electromagnetic properties of samples were analyzed in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz.It was indicated that the electromagnetic properties were significantly improved when Er3+doping content was 0.10.The reasons were also discussed using electromagnetic theory.The optimized ferrite exhibited excellent microwave absoption performance.The maximum of reflection loss(RL)reached about-27.4 dB and RL was below-10dB at the frequency range from 8.4 GHz to 18 GHz,when the thickness was 2.6 mm.     

EXAFS investigation and luminescent properties of nanosized Tb: Lu2O3 phosphors

Nanosized terbium doped Lu2O3 phosphors were synthesized via a modified co-precipitation processing.The as-prepared Tb:Lu2O3 phosphors was consisted of well crystallized nanosized sphere particles with a diameter of about 30 nnx Local structure of Tb ions in Lu2O3 lattice was investigated by an analytical approach based on Fourier transformation of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) data.X-ray near edge structure (XANES) spectra suggested that all Tb ions doped were tervalonce.EXAFS results indicated that Tb ions have entered the Lu2O3 cubic lattice by means of solid solution.The coordination number and first shell Tb-O distance dropped with the increasing of Tb concentration.Emission spectra of the phosphors was shown to be typical for Tb3+ with main components at 542,550 and 490 nm,derived from irradiative relaxation of 5D4 level.The emission intensity decreased severely with the increasing of Tb concentration from 1 mol.% to 15 tool.%,suggesting a significant concentration quenching above 1 mol.% Tb.The reduction of emission intensity was interpreted by higher distortion derived relaxation among the surface state resident Tb3+ ions.     

Multi-Pass Simulation of Heavy Plate Rolling Including Intermediate Forced Cooling

Thermomechanical Controlled Processing (TMCP) including accelerated cooling after the final hot rolling pass is a well-established technology,widely applied in HSLA steel plate production.However,there are still certain limitations,especially for thicker plate.The rolling schedule includes a long holding period (HP) after the roughing stage to allow the temperature to fall sufficiently for optimised TMCP during finishing.Intermediate Forced Cooling (IFC) applied during the HP can increase productivity by decreasing the required hold time,can restrict austenite grain growth,and can also improve the subsequent strain penetration in thick plate with further metallurgical benefits.Multi-pass plane strain compression (PSC) tests have been performed on the thermomechanical compression (TMC) machine at Sheffield University including different severities of IFC.Clearly it is impossible to simulate all aspects of the temperature and strain gradients present in thick plates in laboratory specimens,and most of the tests were conducted at temperatures and strains calculated by Finite Element modelling as relevant to specific positions through the plate thickness.However,some aspects of the gradients were addressed with tests using cold platens.The results have indeed shown that IFC can shorten the HP and reduce austenite grain growth and its variation across thick plate.     

Overview of Particles and Bubbles in Continuously Cast Steel

This paper gives an overview of phenomena associated with particles and bubbles in continuously cast steel. During steel processing from deoxidation to solidification the inclusion population undergoes changes with opportunities of removal. Flotation is an important separation mechanism. Inclusion particles may accumulate in the solidifying strand, thus forming enriched bands, which depend on the type of casting machine. Bubbles are created during inert gas injection. They also change in size, can float out, but also form accumulation bands. The interaction of bubbles and particles is discussed. Internal structure that recently has been observed on the inner surface of bubbles will be reviewed.     

烦恼 快乐 艺术——池莉“人生三部曲”解读

池莉的"人生三部曲"--<烦恼人生>、<不谈爱情>、<太阳出世>诉尽了普普通通的市民烦恼,小说中主人公被柴米油盐、吃喝拉撒、老婆孩子等琐事所烦着,从而构成他们的"烦恼人生".然而池莉通过自己的艺术创作,以积极的人生态度,又让读者体会到生活本身的快乐,"烦恼人生"中包含着"快乐人生".     

属性块在工程图形中的研究与应用

介绍了在工程图形中用属性块标注表面粗糙度的方法.采用属性块不仅能避免大量重复性的工作,还能节省大量的存储空间,具有提高绘图速度、质量,便于修改,资源共享等应用价值.     

A shift in types of nutrition and digestion in ontogeny

The article generalises research data from experiments with animals and observations on man. These allow to identify specific features of digestion, as well as of alimentation starting from a zygote stage, which are organised and developed by the organism itself. The following stages were outlined: hystotrophic stage--that of an embryo; hematrophic, which is combined in the foetal stage with the omntrophic and lactrophic after birth. The article discusses the extreme importance of the latter, both in the trophogenic aspect, as well as for determining the future post-natal formation of the organism advanced in the biological, as well as in the socio-economic aspects.     

吊车起重量限制器在武钢的应用

介绍吊车起重量限制器的构成、工作原理、安装注意事项、维护和一般故障的处理方法和引用目的及在武钢的应用情况和取得的效果。     

武钢烧结厂增产的生产实践

随着武钢炼铁产能的不断提高，为满足高炉生产需求，烧结厂从技术和管理上采取一系列措施，提高烧结矿产量。     

电炉--CSP短流程炼钢--连铸生产的技术整合

通过珠钢的生产实践，总结出在电炉-CSP短流程工艺生产组织过程中的一些技术要素：钢铁料配料、电炉对成分、温度和出钢的控制、钢包的准备、LF精炼对成分和温度的控制、钢水上连铸机平台时间的确定及薄板坯连铸生产和轧机生产等，并分析了这些要素在生产过程的作用及其对生产的影响。     

保山坝钛精矿中二氧化钛的测定

介绍了试样用磷酸或焦硫酸钾（硫酸氢钾）分解，在２５％的ＨＣＩ介质中，以铝片将Ｔｉ＾４＋还原为Ｔｉ＾３＋，加入硫酸铵以抑制Ｔｉ＾３＋的氧化，然后在草酸存在下，以中性红作批示剂，用硫酸高铁铵标准溶液滴定。本方法快速、可行。     

PROFIBUS-DP总线在大盘卷生产线中的应用

文章在介绍了PROFIBUS-DP现场总线的技术特点的基础上,结合大盘卷卷曲生产线,讨论了生产线的整个结构和功能,并阐述了生产线工艺流程以及PROFIBUS总线结构和硬件组态过程。给出了基于组态软件与PROFIBUS现场总线的分布式控制系统的网络模型及系统组态与调试的方法。采用PROFIBUS-DP进行分布式网络控制,提高了系统的控制性能与可靠性,简化了系统结构。     

Reductive dissolution of manganese ore in sulfuric acid in the presence of iron metal

The dissolution of a manganese dioxide ore in dilute sulfuric acid facilitated by Fe metal in the form of powdered sponge iron was investigated. Effects of such parameters as molar ratios of sponge iron and sulfuric acid to manganese dioxide, temperature, particle size of sponge iron as well as ore particle size on the dissolution efficiency were studied. The results showed that manganese could be rapidly leached out to a complete degree even at room temperature. Based on both theoretical and experimental facts, it was concluded that the usage of metallic iron for the reductive leaching of manganese dioxide was superior to that of ferrous ion as far as dissolution rate and efficiency were concerned.     

MSTP在包钢白云矿浆管道输送中的应用

MSTP在包钢为首次应用,文章紧密结合包钢白云矿浆管道输送系统工程,对矿浆管道全系统通信传输和接入的网络结构、接入方式、保护方式、可承载业务等进行了全面细致的分析,提出了建设具体实施方案,目前此项工程已实施完毕,效果很好。     

CS3000在包钢焦化厂煤气净化部改造中的应用

文章介绍了对包钢焦化厂煤气净化部二回收车间CS3000集散控制系统成功改造的情况。通过改造保证了CS3000长期稳定运行,节省大量备件及维护费用。避免非授权者非法操作,以此带来不必要经济损失,保证整个生产系统安全可靠运行。     

实时数据库在包钢能源计量网络系统的应用

能源计量网络系统,能够对能源数据（包括流量、压力、温度等）进行实时采集、数据处理、实时曲线、为能源量结算提供原始数据、生成各种数据报表等。系统以实时数据库为核心,提供灵活的安装方式,简便的结构形式,卓越的性能,良好的开放特性,友好的人机界面为用户实现智能化生产提供最佳选择,为企业全方位提升经济和社会效益给予强劲动力及技术支撑。