Innovationen im Holzbau – Der Holzhallenbau der Firma Christoph und Unmack/Niesky

Innovations in the timber‐frame construction – The wooden hall construction of the company Christoph and Unmack/Niesky At the beginning of the 20^th century courageous carpenters, wood construction companies, architects and engineers developed the timber construction to a powerful construction method. To preserve the remaining buildings of this period the knowledge of the constructive and technical development is essential. In this publication the author gives a report on the hall buildings of the company Christoph and Unmack.     

松江斜塔——比“比萨斜塔”更早、更斜的古塔

上海市郊的松江斜塔,建造年代早于闻名世界的意大利比萨斜塔,倾斜度超过比萨斜塔,受到了各界人士的关注。松江天马山护珠塔建于公元1079年,塔体为砖木混合结构,七层楼阁形外廓,八角形平面。塔基由砖石混砌相当坚固,塔身用青砖砌筑。因清代乾隆年间遭受大火,开始倾斜。修缮加固采用“围、撑、修”的方案。     

Das große Viadukt von Millau – Stahlbau und Montage mit hochfesten Feinkornbaustählen

The Millau Viaduct – Steel construction, fabrication and erection with high‐strength fine grain steel. 16^th of December 2004 the Millau Viaduct, a 2460 m long multi cable‐stayed bridge, was opened of traffic in the Southern part of the French Massif Centrale mountains. This bridge comprises 6 main spans of 342 m length respectively and two side spans of 204 m length respectively. The steel superstructure consists of an orthotropic box deck of 27.75 m width and a maximum height of 4.20 m aerodynamically optimised due to the enormous wind loads in the valley. The deck is fixed to the 7 steel pylons via 22 stay cables per pylon in a height of up to 270 m above the river Tarn. Thus this viaduct represents the highest bridge in world with a total height of 343 m, even more than the Eiffel Tower in Paris.     

Domenico Fontana (1543–1607) und seine Sippe – Berühmte Tessiner Ingenieurarchitekten in Diensten von Papst und König

Domenico Fontana (1543–1607) and his family – famous engineers and architects from Ticino, in the service of the Pope and the King. 400 years ago, in 1607, the “ingegniere maggiore del Regno” (the Senior Engineer of the Kingdom), Domenico Fontana, died in Naples and was given a ceremonial burial in the church of Saint Anna of Lombardi. He was born in 1543 in Melide on Lake Lugano, the son of Sebastiano Fontana and his wife Domenica, née Paerino. When they were still young, the Fontanas – Domenico, his brothers Giovanni and Marsilio and a nephew, Carlo Maderno, who was born in Capologo at the lower end of Lake Lugano – set off to seek their fortune in Rome. The foreign provenance of the “comacini” from Ticino – master craftsmen from the diocese of Como, as it was at that time, was characteristic of the architecture of the imposing churches, palaces and residences that prevailed in the second half of the 16^th and the start of the 17^th century and which was dominated by non‐Romans. Away from home, along with numerous others, including Francesco Borromini, a pupil and colleague of Domenico's nephew Carlo Maderno, they had achieved success and fame and were held in great regard. Originally, the immigrants from Ticino had mostly been taught to work with their hands (they were plasterers, stone carvers or masons) and the most skilled of them progressed to become master craftsmen, architects or engineers. By continuing their training, the Fontanas became familiar with the use of square and compasses and measuring staffs. They were able to use shape creatively, and built beautiful and useful objects in ideal and perfect proportion, first drawing the designs on paper and then executing them. They were also highly skilled organisers and were able to use transporters, lifting gear, rollers and pulleys to good effect on the huge building sites.     

Johann August Röbling (1806–1869) – Vom preußischen Bauconducteur zum amerikanischen Brückenbauer und Industriellen

Johann August Röbling (1806–1869). On the occasion of the 200^th anniversary of his birthday the working and personal background of German‐American Johann August Röbling is remembered who was born in Mühlhausen and graduate of the Prussian building academy. With the knowledge of ancient Europe he created great bridges and an industrial empire – the production of wire‐ropes in 19^th Century America.     

千年虎丘斜塔不倒原因之探讨

介绍了苏州虎丘塔的地质条件和原有塔基基础情况。对比意大利比萨斜塔、西安大雁塔的倾斜发展 ,讨论了虎丘塔倾斜的原因 ,根据虎丘塔的结构和变形特征 ,对虎丘塔的倾斜过程进行了分析 ,最后提出了虎丘塔之所以历经千年不倒的原因 :即塔基为基岩山体 ;结构设计与施工砌筑技术优良 ;施工工期长     

The Calculation of Thermal Movements and Eigenstresses in the Leaning Tower of Pisa

Starting from predicted yearly and daily distributions of the temperature fields induced by climatic actions over the cross‐sections of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the correlated time histories of thermal movements and eigenstresses have been calculated by simply assimilating the monument to a prismatic, inhomogeneous elastic body. Comparisons performed between calculated and measured daily and seasonal thermal displacements evidenced a good prediction capability of the model and its attitude to be used as an interpretation tool to understand also thermal periodical movements in other tower‐shaped buildings.     

Deutsche Nationalbibliothek 4. Erweiterungsbau in Leipzig – Besonderheiten bei der Unterfangung und der Bestandssicherung

Derzeit entsteht der 4. Erweiterungsbau der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek in Leipzig. Der neue Baukörper grenzt bereichsweise an die Bestandsgebäude und wurde 6 bis 8 m unterhalb der bestehenden Fundamente gegründet. Der setzungsempfindliche Baugrund infolge eines 4 m mächtigen Kohleflözes musste in der Planung besonders berücksichtigt werden. Um die Bestandsgebäude gegen Setzungen, Rissbildungen und Schiefstellungen zu schützen, wurden außergewöhnliche Sicherungsmaßnahmen realisiert: –·Zusammenspannen der Gebäude mittels Anordnung von Zugstäben –·Auskreuzung gefährdeter Bereiche durch Holz‐Fachwerkverbände –·Anwendung einer besonderen Technologie der HDI‐Unterfangung. Mit diesen Maßnahmen konnten ungleichmäßige Setzungen und Rissbildungen weitestgehend vermieden werden. The German National Library in Leipzig – 4^th extension – Special features of the underpinning and safety measures of inventory. At present the 4^th extension of the German National Library in Leipzig is under construction. The new building is near the existing buildings and was founded in 6 to 8 m below the existing foundations. The ground is liable to subsidence due to a 4 m thick coal seam. This had to be specially considered in the planning. To protect the existing buildings against settlements, cracking and misalignment extraordinary safety measures were implemented: –·tensioning arrangement of buildings by means of tension bars –·strengthening of vulnerable areas by timber trussed bond –·using a special technology of grouted underpinning With these measures, non‐uniform settlements and cracks could be largely avoided.     

Zwei Kuppeln in München: Armeemuseum und Anatomie (1903–1905) – Die ersten Betonschalen Europas

Two domes in Munich: The Armeemuseum and the Department of Anatomy (1903–1905) – The first concrete shells in Europe. In 1903 Wayss & Freytag merged with the Heilmann & Littmann studio establishing the Eisenbeton‐Gesellschaft, a manufacturer of reinforced concrete structures operating in Munich and the surrounding area. In the following two years the company – directed by Ludwig Zöllner – realized the most innovative works of the time: the Isarbrücke near Grünwald and the domes of the Armeemuseum and the Department of Anatomy of the University of Munich. This paper focuses on these two shell structures calculated by the young engineer Emil Mörsch. The innovative realizations – 7 cm thick and with a span of 16 and 22 m – were built at the same time as the Law Court (1891) and the Ministry of Transport (1904) and presented a high level of engineering that marked the final transition from 19th century steel constructions to 20th century reinforced concrete ribbed domes. The Armeemuseum was formally reminiscent of a historicist language, while the Department of Anatomy – designed by Max Littmann and built in exposed reinforced concrete – resulted in an organic unity of form, construction and material, the first such example in Munich and perhaps in Germany.     

Tagungen: Beton‐ und Stahlbetonbau 9/2009

17. Internationale Baustofftagung “ibausil” 5^th Central European Congress on Concrete Engineering 5. Hans Lorenz Symposium für Baugrunddynamik & Spezialtiefbau Bauen im Bestand – Ertüchtigung von Industrieflächen Call for Papers: International Conference on Material Science and 64^th RILEM Annual Week 27. Österreichischer Stahlbautag Schäden an Gründungen/Nachgründung und Sanierung 5. TAW‐Symposium – Verstärken von Brücken‐ und Hochbauten QDB‐Fachtagung 2009 Spezialtiefbau Spritzbeton und Faserspritzbeton nach neuestem Regelwerk Planung und Ausführung von wasserundurchlässigen Bauwerken     

Tagungen: Beton‐ und Stahlbetonbau 6/2009

Brücken aus Ultrahochfestem Beton (UHFB) zur Sicherung unserer Infrastruktur Barrierefreies Bauen im Bestand 9^th International Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures Schwachstellen in der Bauausführung – Gefahr erkannt? Braunschweiger Brandschutztage 2009 33^rd IABSE Symposium on Sustainable Infrastructure – Environment Friendly, Safe and Resource Efficient Schallschutz und Bauen im Bestand Abdichtung von wasserundurchlässigen Bauwerken aus Beton im Ingenieur‐, Wasser‐ und Tiefbau 5^th Central European Congress on Concrete Engineering 5. Hans Lorenz Symposium für Baugrunddynamik und Spezialtiefbau     

Tagungen: Beton‐ und Stahlbetonbau 3/2010

Einführungstagung – Der Eurocode 2für Deutschland Feuertrutz Brandschutzkongress 2010 – Brandschutz im Bestand – Planungund Sanierung 39. Aachener Baustofftag Highrise Towers and Tall Buildings 2010 Beschichten von Beton VDB‐Fachtagung 2010 Durchführung von Bauwerksinspektionen – Substanzüberprüfung Brandschutzplanertag 2010 – Schulen, Kindergärten, Kinderkrippen, Arbeitshilfen der Fachgruppe Brandschutz und Änderungen der HBO 2011 2. Münchener Tunnelbau Symposium 5^th Security Research Conference Braunschweiger Brandschutz‐Tage 2010 Doktorandensymposium 2010 – Call for Papers 8^th International Probabilistic Workshop     

Kleine Geschichte der Schnee‐ und Windlastannahmen im 19. Jahrhundert

On the history of snow and wind load assumptions in the 19^th century. The present paper discusses the introduction of atmospheric loads into the structural analysis of buildings and traces the historical development of snow and wind load assumptions into the early 20^th century.     

Grunderneuerung der Bahnsteighallen im Hauptbahnhof Frankfurt am Main – Ein Jahrhundertbauwerk aus Stahl und Glas erstrahlt in neuem Glanz

Full‐scale renovation for the platform halls at Frankfurt‐am‐Main central station – A hundred‐year‐old building made from steel and glass gleams brightly again. Retaining the elegance of an engineering masterpiece dating from Germany's period of rapid industrial expansion (1870–1914), while at the same time adapting a building's function to meet the requirements of the 21^st century and beyond – such a task demands approaches and solutions of a very special kind. MCE Industrietechnik Linz GmbH & Co, project leader for the Bahnsteighallen Hbf Frankfurt (M) consortium, faced up to the challenge and now after four years of building work, believes it has done full justice to this demanding assignment.     

Tagungen: Beton‐ und Stahlbetonbau 4/2010

Planen und Bauen mit Spannbeton‐Fertigdecken Beschichten von Beton VDB‐Fachtagung 2010 Österreichischer Betontag 2010. Durchführung von Bauwerksinspektionen – Substanzüberprüfung Erschütterungen im Bauwesen Zerstörungsfreie Prüfverfahren – Bauwerksdiagnostik / 2. Münchener Tunnelbau Symposium 17. Leipziger Baurechtsforum 8^th International Masonry Conference 5^th Security Research Conference Braunschweiger Brandschutz‐Tage 2010 6. Hans Lorenz Symposium für Baugrunddynamik & Spezialtiefbau Doktorandensymposium 2010 – Call for Papers 8th International Probabilistic Workshop     

Der III. Lastfall für die statische Bemessung von verklebten Drucklinern – Biegezugbruch durch Haft‐ und Reibungsabtragung

The 3^rd load case of liner design for rehabilitation of pressurized piping system – flexural tension failure induced by stick and friction force transfer. Based on the practical experience in consulting rehabilitation of pressurized piping systems by using cured‐in‐place pipe and theoretical investigation, a new failure model (flexural tension failure induced by friction transfer) of liners has been illustrated. This failure model is seen as the III. load case, in comparison to load caseI (gravity pipe) and II (pressure pipe) according to ASTM F1216 – 98. In this aspect, a calculation model for the static design of liners has been developed by using finite element method. The numerical study by using the calculation model has indicated some essential influence factors for this load case in the combined liner‐host pipe‐system. Upon these, suggestions have been made for further experimental investigation and for an economical solution avoiding this type of liner failure.     

Dem Himmel entgegen – Klimadesign für den Federation Tower Moskau

Skywards – climate design for the Moscow Federation Tower. Advanced simulation tools were used in developing the climate design for the roof covering the taller of the two blocks at Moscow's Federation Tower. The all‐glass roof space at a height of 365 m is designed to accommodate the finest and most exclusive hotel areas. Several restaurants, bars and lounges and a Sky Dance Club will offer entertainment and fabulous views across the whole city. Simulations were used to develop and verify a design that ensures thermal comfort taking into account architectural, climate and utilisation requirements. The structure and the building services were simulated based on a 3D model, and simulations were carried out for summer and winter scenarios. This paper describes the design process including load calculations and the development and assessment of the climate design by means of simulation.     

NordWestZentrum Frankfurt am Main – Teil 2: Erweiterungsneubauten

The NordWestZentrum in Frankfurt/Main – Part 2: new annexe. The NordWestZentrum was expanded once more in 2002–2004. As part of this project, the area previously occupied by a technical college was completely redeveloped, resulting in 430,000 m³ of enclosed space for new utilization. For the planning engineers, this construction project was a major challenge in terms of demolition, expert reports, modernization and safeguarding of the existing buildings as well as structural design for the new buildings with their special foundations, all under the motto “Bauen im Bestand und Bauen im Betrieb” which can be loosely translated as “construction within the existing buildings and construction during operations”.