固体氧化物燃料电池中的电解质

综述了固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）中固体电解质的研究概况,分析了ZrO2基、CeO2基、Bi2O3基固体电解质和掺杂的LaGaO3为代表的钙钛矿结构的固体电解质的优缺点以及作为SOFC电解质存在的问题,中低温度下稳定的高离子电导率的固体电解质的研制开发及固体电解质的薄膜化研究是降低S0FC工作温度的两个重要途径。     

CeO_2基固体氧化物燃料电池电解质研究

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)被誉为21世纪最具有发展潜力的能源技术之一.由于用稀土或碱土金属氧化物掺杂的CeO2在较低的温度下具有较高的氧离子电导率,是用作中低温固体氧化物燃料电池较理想的电解质材料.本文综述了近年来以掺杂的CeO2作电解质的SOFCs性能的研究情况,总结了提高、改善CeO2基固体电解质电性能的几种方法,并对今后的研究提出了自己的看法.     

ZrO2基中温固体电解质材料的制备和性能研究

采用无机胶化工艺制备了球状的、分散性好且粒度分布较窄的几种ZrO2基粉末.经干压成型和烧结后制备成陶瓷质电解质材料.通过XRD显微结构等分析,显示所得的样品均为立方相结构.在1 450℃烧结的样品已近完全致密.1 450～1 550℃烧结的8YbSZ在450 ～700℃测试范围内具有比其他的ZrO2基材料更高的离子电导...     

CeO2基固体电解质材料研究进展

稀土或碱土氧化物掺杂铈基电解质在中低温下具有高的离子电导率,被认为是一种很有前途的电解质材料.本文主要对各种掺杂铈基电解质材料研究及在固体氧化物中的应用进行了综述.对掺杂铈基电解质的制备方法进行简单介绍.     

中温固体氧化物燃料电池电解质材料的研究进展

评述了中温固体氧化物燃料电池（中温SOFC）中固体电解质的研究进展，对ZrO2基、CeO2基、Bi2O3基和ABO3型的钙钛矿类4种电解质材料的最新进展和今后的发展趋势作了评述。对几种电解质材料的优缺点进行了分析，同时对高温电解质YSZ薄膜化技术也作了简要介绍，因此不难得出，寻求新的、优良的中温SOFC的电解质材料仍然是新世纪推动中温SOFC实用化的关键任务之一，而YSZ薄膜化技术的研究则是研究的另一个重点，且最有可能取得突破。     

固体氧化物燃料电池的中低温化研究

中低温固体氧化物燃料电池(IT—SOFC)是目前固体氧化物燃料电池研究的热点和发展的趋势。对中低温固体氧化物燃料电池的研究现状进行了综述，重点对降低SOFC操作温度主要途径，如电解质薄膜化、新型高电导率电解质材料和高性能电极的研究等几方面进行了论述。     

固体氧化物电解质燃料电池阴极研究的新进展

阴极（空气电极）是固体氧化物电解质燃料电池的关键部件之一，本文总结了近年来关于固体氧化物电解质燃料电池阴极的研究状况，包括材料的选择和制备，电极的制备和电化学 性质的研究，提出了今后的研究重点。     

氧化锆基固体电解质老化性能的研究

ZrO2陶瓷器件在700℃下退火处理1000h，研究了ZrO2基固体电解质的老化性能。结果表明：在700℃退火处理1000h后，8YSZ、8YbSZ和4Yb-8YSZ的电导率分别下降39%、49%和10%。比较8YSZ、4Yb-8YSZ和8YbSZ三种材料表明，在8YSZ二元系统中掺杂Yb2O3可改善ZrO2固体电解质材料的老化性能。     

稀土基固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料的制备及应用研究进展

固体氧化物燃料电池(Solid oxide fuel cell, SOFC)是一种将化学能直接转化为电能的全固态电化学能量转化装置。阴极材料作为SOFC的重要组成部分,阴极材料显著影响着SOFC工作效率。稀土元素因具有独特的电子结构和氧化还原特性,被广泛的应用到SOFC阴极材料,以提升其性能,因此成为研究的热点。本文总结了稀土基SOFC阴极材料的制备方法及其应用研究进展,并展望了稀土基SOFC阴极材料未来的发展前景。     

新型固体氧化物燃料电池问世

日本产业技术综合研究所宣布,该所研究人员和美国同行研制出一种微型固体氧化物燃料电池,这种燃料电池添加了特殊的催化剂层,可大大降低电池的工作温度。     

Study of Bi_2O_3-based Rare Earth Solid Electrolyte Used in Fuel Cell

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Sealing Glass of Barium-Calcium-Aluminosilicate System for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Glass-ceramic materials were developed as a sealant in the solid oxide fuel cell （SOFC） in the temperature range of 800 -850 ℃. The glass materials were based on the glass and glass-ceramic in the BaO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-La2O3-B2O3 system. The thermal expansion coefficient （TEC） decreased with lower Ba^2＋ content and higher Ca^2＋ content, but the glass transition temperature and crystallization temperature increased greatly with an increase in Ca^2＋ content and a decrease in Ba^2＋ content, when the other components in the sealant were invariable. The TEC of the sealant with Ba^2＋ content of 25.4% was 10.8 × 10^-6 K^- 1（temperature range from 25 to 850℃）, and its softening temperature was 950 ℃. The TEC of the sealant accorded well with that of La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.5Mg0.2o3- 6（LSGM） with a mismatch of only 3%. The sealant had superior stability and compatibility with the LSGM electrolyte during the process of operation in SOFC. The weight loss of the sealant with Ba^2＋ content of 25.4% was approfimately zero after heat-treated at 800℃ for 500 h in H2 and O2 atmosphere, respectively.     

Preparation and Characterization of Component Materials for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell by Glycine-Nitrate Process

La1-xSrxGa1-yMgyO3-δ (LSGM) electrolyte, La1-xSrxCr1-yMnyO3-δ (LSCM) anode and La1-xSrxFe1-yMnyO3-δ (LSFM) cathode materials were all synthesized by glycine-nitrate process (GNP). The microstructure and characteristics of LSGM, LSCM and LSFM were tested via X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microcopy (SEM), A C impedance and four-probe direct current techniques. XRD shows that pure perovskite phase LSGM electrolyte and electrode (LSCM anode and LSFM cathode) materials were prepared after being sintered at 1400 ℃ for 20 h and at 1000 ℃ for 5 h, respectively. The max conductivities of LSGM (ionic conductivity), LSCM (total conductivity) and LSFM (total conductivity) materials are 0.02, 10, 16 S·cm-1 in the air below 850 ℃, respectively. The conductivity of LSCM becomes smaller when the atmosphere changes from air to pure hydrogen at the same temperature and it decreases with the temperature like metal. The porous and LSGM-based LSCM anode and LSFM cathode films were prepared by screen printing method, and the sintering temperatures for them were 1300 and 1250 ℃, respectively. LSGM and electrode (LSCM and LSFM) materials have good thermal and chemical compatibility.     

Status of Research on Application of High Purity Rare Earth Oxides in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a high-efficient and environmentally friendly power generation system.The rare earth oxide materials are used extensively in the manufacturing of SOFC components.In particular, the CeO2doped with Gd2O3 or Sm2O3, lanthanide perovskite oxides are indispensable and key materials for developing the intermediate temperature SOFC.The research and development status of application of high purity rare earth oxides in SOFC was overviewed.The rare earth oxide-based and -doped materials were discussed for the SOFC components.Concerning the rare earth oxides applicable to SOFC, several topics were also pointed out for further researching and developing.     

Bi2O3、Dy2O3掺杂对8YSZ导电性能的影响

用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备了分别掺Bi2O3和Dy2O3的8YSZ前驱体凝胶,凝胶在500℃预烧,压制成圆片状后在1 300℃煅烧2 h。分别研究Bi2O3和Dy2O3的不同掺量对试样的致密度、电导率的影响。结果表明Bi2O3可促进试样的烧结,在300～400℃掺Bi2O3可提高试样的电导率,在400～700℃掺Bi2O3使试样的电导率下降。在8YSZ试样中掺Dy2O3后,试样的致密度、电导率均降低。     

合成高活性Y_2O_3和Al_2O_3超细粉及Nd:YAG透明陶瓷

分别以Y(NO3)3和氨水、NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O和碳酸氢铵为原料,采用化学沉淀法与碳酸铝铵分解法合成了高活性、平均粒径分别为39 nm和95 am的Y23和AlO3超细粉体.以Y2O3,Al2O3超细粉和商用Nd2O3粉体为原料,采用固相反应法,经1 700℃真窄烧结15 h,制备了Nd:YAG透明陶瓷.含x(Nd)=1%的YAG陶瓷在可见光区最大透光率约为53%.对YAG陶瓷的烧结过程和显微组织研究表明,Nd的引入明显地促进了陶瓷的烧结,同时晶粒得到细化.