固-液转化形相变蓄冷材料的研究进展

综述了近年来潜热储能系统中无机相变蓄冷材料、有机相变蓄冷材料和有机-无机复合相变蓄冷材料的发展现状,分析了这三种材料各自的特点,给出了一些应用实例。最后介绍了单一有机物和多元复配有机物的相变温度及相变潜热数据,并对相变蓄冷材料的发展前景进行了预测。     

空调蓄冷多功能实验装置的研制及应用

所介绍的蓄冷多功能实验装置可以进行不蓄冷、放冷,冰蓄冷、放冷,高温相变材料（ＰＣＭ）蓄冷、放冷性能实验;同时,它还能进行制冷系统变工况性能实例。该实验装置为研究调制冷、蓄冷系统提供了重要的实验手段。     

冷链物流用复合相变蓄冷材料研究进展

物品保质保鲜及节能减排的双重需要,使相变蓄冷材料在冷链物流中的作用越来越重要。主要综述了国内近期关于有机、无机、有机-无机等典型复合相变蓄冷材料在蓄冷方面的研究进展,梳理了国内在改善有机相变蓄冷材料的导热性、解决无机相变蓄冷材料过冷和相分离方面制备典型复合相变蓄冷材料的研究进展,并对复合相变蓄冷材料的发展趋势进行了展望,提出开发冷链物流用高性能复合结构蓄冷材料是未来研究的重点,以期为冷链物流用相变蓄冷材料的发展提供参考。     

小型蓄冷空调系统研究

本文阐述小型蓄冷空调系统的工作原理和循环系统，并通过实验分析了相变蓄冷材料的凝固点、融解点、融解热等热学性能。在热性能分析中，用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)来测定蓄冷材料的融解热，用温度测量仪器来测定蓄冷材料的凝固点和融解点，通过热性能分析找到了一种新型蓄冷材料，该蓄冷材料可被应用于小型蓄冷空调系统中。     

空调共晶盐高温相变蓄冷技术的分析

全面介绍与分析了空调共晶盐高温相变蓄冷技术的相变材料的选择、配制、研究方法、材料的札装和蓄冷系统的布置方式与蓄放冷特性，探讨了蓄冷技术研究中需要关注的难点。共晶盐蓄冷技术吸收了水蓄冷、冰蓄冷系统的优点，具有广阔的市场前景。     

小型家用混合蓄冷空调系统性能的实验研究

随着家用空调的日益普及，空调耗电量急剧增加。我国开发与推广小型家用蓄冷空调器，其转移尖峰用电负荷的潜力将比在中央空调系统上发展蓄冷空调大得多。小型家用蓄冷空调系统采用外融冰蓄冷，可以明显地节省运行费用；系统采用直接蒸发方式进行蓄冷，可避免冷热转换的中间环节，减少了能耗；相变温度为5～8℃的相变材料利用潜热进行蓄冷，可以改善制冷系统的运行特性。因此研制冰蓄冷与相变材料蓄冷混合的蓄冷空调系统是有意义的。     

相变材料蓄冷的经济性分析

针对氨基乙醇-水二元合物在蓄冷空调中应用的经济性进行了研究，并与冰蓄冷系统和常规空调系统进行了比较；分析结果表明：相变材料蓄冷空调系统运行费用最低，但初投资较高；如果相变蓄冷材料因批量生产而降低成本，则相变材料蓄冷技术将有着广泛的应用前景。     

相变蓄冷技术在食品冷链运输中的研究进展

目的 概述相变蓄冷技术在食品冷链运输中的研究进展,为冷链运输发展提供一定的研究思路。方法 综述相变蓄冷技术在蓄冷式冷藏车、蓄冷保温箱及其他冷链运输设备中的应用,主要对其相变蓄冷材料、蓄冷技术与保温材料的结合、运输过程内部温度分布的影响因素及其新型的运输方式进行论述。结果 相变蓄冷技术在食品冷链的各种运输设备中都有广泛的应用领域和较大的发展空间。结论 相变蓄冷技术是提高能源利用效率的有效手段,在冷链运输系统中具有广阔的应用前景。相变蓄冷材料、保温材料以及运输过程中温度稳定分布的研究及多温共配技术是今后的研究方向。     

相变蓄冷技术在生鲜产品冷链中的研究进展

目的 分析相变蓄冷材料的研究现状,以及在生鲜产品冷链运输领域中的应用进展,为相变蓄冷技术在生鲜产品冷链上的应用及发展提供参考。方法 阐述相变蓄冷技术的基本原理,及各种相变蓄冷材料性能的调控方法,总结近年相变蓄冷技术在生鲜冷链运输中的研究方向。结论 相变蓄冷箱是未来的研究重点,相变蓄冷技术在中短途冷链运输领域中应用广泛。为满足我国绿色化、节能化、标准化的冷链进程需求,相变蓄冷技术还需向更深入、更广泛的方向发展。     

冰箱组合式相变材料蓄冷的实验研究

本文从冰箱蓄冷的研究现状出发,提出了一种新的冰箱蓄冷方法--采用组合式相变材料蓄冷的方法.通过对组合式相变材料的相变温度和相变潜热的DSC测试结果和冰箱降温保温实验结果分析可知,采用组合式相变材料蓄冷可以延长冰箱的保冷时间,可以作为一种新的冰箱蓄冷方案.     

Incorporating phase change materials in concrete pavement to melt snow and ice

This paper discusses the use of phase change materials (PCM) in concrete pavement as a method to store energy which can be used as a heat source during cooling events to melt ice/snow. The experimental program includes: (1) use of low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry to evaluate thermal properties of PCM, and (2) use of large-scale concrete slabs containing PCM to evaluate the ability of the PCM concrete to melt snow on the surface of the concrete pavement. The temperature in the concrete slabs and the snow melting rate were monitored as quantitative measurements of the efficiency of the PCM in the concrete. In addition, time-lapse images were taken. Two approaches were used to incorporate PCM in concrete: placing the PCM in lightweight aggregate (LWA) which was then mixed into the concrete, and placing the PCM in embedded metal pipes embedded in the slab during concrete casting. In this study, paraffin oil was use as a PCM that is effective in releasing heat near the freezing temperature of PCM when the PCM undergoes a phase transformation from liquid to solid. The heat released during the phase transformation can melt ice and snow on the concrete pavement surface. The results indicate that incorporating PCM in concrete pavement is not only feasible, but also practical.     

一种小型蓄冰中央空调系统的设计和实验研究

系统采用直接蒸发方式进行蓄冷,既省去了二次冷媒部分,又避免了冷热转换的中间环节,减少了能耗,并且加工、管理简单,比其它一些蓄冷方式更有竞争力.小型蓄冷空调中采用直接蒸发蓄冷、外融冰取冷的方式应该是一种较好的解决办法,值得做进一步研究.因此,本课题的研究是很有意义的,它将为冰蓄冷技术在小型空调系统中的应用做出重要贡献.     

Phase change material for the thermal protection of ice cream during storage and transportation

Ice cream is a very temperature sensitive product and temperature variations during the storage and distribution steps may result in a reduction of quality. It is possible to improve the ice cream storage and transportation conditions by using an additional packaging with a low thermal diffusivity. This paper studies a phase change material (PCM) packaging and compares its performance to a polystyrene packaging configuration. The impact on temperature fluctuations and ice crystal size distribution was characterized experimentally during long term storage and temperature abuse. The results show that the use of an additional PCM packaging has a significant impact on the final quality of the product by keeping ice cream temperature stable and close to the phase change temperature of the PCM material. These results were compared with the insulation material results and discussed, showing that a material with a buffering heat capacity can be more efficient to reduce temperature fluctuations than a low conductivity material, and that the same results can be usually obtained with a much thinner layer of material.     

Enhancing the performance of household refrigerators with latent heat storage: An experimental investigation

This paper presents the results of experimental tests carried out to investigate the performance of a household refrigerator using a phase change material (PCM). The PCM is located on the back side of the evaporator in order to improve its efficiency and to provide a storage capacity allowing several hours of refrigeration without power supply. The system has been tested with water and with a eutectic mixture (freezing point ?3 °C) and for a range of operating conditions (PCM thickness, ambient temperature, thermal load). The analysis of the results shows a significant improvement of the performance compared to a conventional system.     

小型蓄冷空调的发展前景探讨

本文就蓄冷空调的发展现状和小型蓄冷空调的性能特点、市场前景和开发应用的经济可行性进行了分析和探讨,并就加快小型蓄冷空调在我国的发展提出了建议.     

相变蓄热型空气源热泵系统的模拟

为提高空气源热泵系统的低温适应性,将相变蓄热技术与空气源热泵结合,实现白天蓄热、夜晚放热的运行模式。本文通过模拟研究了相变蓄热型空气源热泵系统的蓄放热特性和应用多级相变材料对系统的影响。结果表明：系统蓄热量随时间线性增大,380 min时达到18.94 kW·h,平均COP为2.51;系统放热量先随时间线性增大,随后增大速率有所减缓,180 min时达到13.58 kW·h。放热过程进口水温为35℃时,系统经过6次蓄放热循环后达到稳定运行状态,蓄放热效率为99.06%。相比单级PCM,应用三级PCM的系统蓄热时间缩短9.60%,COP提高3.97%,总■效率提高4.84%,其中降低过冷区PCM熔点对提高系统性能起到关键作用。     

相变蓄热水箱分层特性的实验研究

本文基于三水合醋酸钠,搭建了一套相变蓄热水箱实验系统,在初始水温为80℃、进水温度为5℃的工况下,测试得到了水箱的热力学特性,并采用填充效率分析法以及火用效率分析法,在进水体积流量分别为1、3、5、7、9 L/min时,分析了相变蓄热水箱的热分层特性。结果表明,当水箱温度为80℃时,普通水箱、相变蓄热球PCM48水箱、相变蓄热球PCM58水箱的热能分别为18. 81、19. 34、19. 07 MJ。进口体积流量相同时,相变蓄热球越靠近水箱进口,水箱的热分层效果越好。随着进水体积流量的增大,分层效果下降。不同水箱的理查森数Ri在t^*=0. 5达到最大值,Ri随相变蓄热球位置的降低而减小,PCM48和PCM58在第4层时的Ri分别为7. 569和7. 781,而在第1层时的Ri分别减小为7. 03和7. 145,表明水箱热分层的程度随着相变蓄热球位置的升高而降低。     

冰球式蓄冰罐蓄冷过程的数值研究

建立了冰球式蓄冰罐蓄冷过程的数值仿真模型,冰球侧采用焓方程模型并考虑了冰球内水的过冷现象。求解此模型可以得出蓄冷过程中任意时刻冰球内部温度分布、冰层厚度以及蓄冰罐内载冷剂温度分布。进行了三组工况的计算,求解结果与实验结果吻合较好,模型可用于模拟仿真以及冰球式蓄冰罐的性能研究。     

Increasing the thermal storage capacity of a phase change material by encapsulation: preparation and application in natural rubber

Existing encapsulated organic phase change materials (PCM) usually contain a shell material that possesses a poor heat storage capacity and so results in a lowered latent heat storage density of the encapsulated PCM compared to unencapsulated PCM. Here, we demonstrate the use of a novel microencapsulation process to encapsulate n-eicosane (C20) into a 2:1 (w/w) ratio blend of ethyl cellulose (EC):methyl cellulose (MC) to give C20-loaded EC/MC microspheres with an increased heat storage capacity compared to the unencapsulated C20. Up to a 29 and 24% increase in the absolute enthalpy value during crystallization and melting were observed for the encap-C20/EC/MC microparticles with a 9% (w/w) EC/MC polymer content. The mechanism that leads to the increased latent heat storage capacity is discussed. The blending of the water-dispersible C20-loaded EC/MC microspheres into natural rubber latex showed excellent compatibility, and the obtained rubber composite showed not only an obvious thermoregulation property but also an improved mechanical property.