CFD在实时灌溉系统关键部件设计中的运用

在实时自动灌溉施肥系统中,混肥装置的设计是混肥精度控制的关键。这里将CFD技术运用到实时自动灌溉施肥系统中水射器混肥装置的设计中,通过流场模拟和相关调整,完成了对水射器的结构定型,取得良好的运用效果。     

国家科技成果重点推广项目

总排放废水处理循环利用工程该工程为工厂总排放口混合废水(生产废水、生活污水、雨水及地表水)处理综合利用项目,采用悬浮反应渐减曝气处理工艺,整个系统实现了闭路循环。在构筑物的设计上均采用一物多用和多功能,如:利用循环水泵增设水射器引入空气到输水管代替压力溶气罐,在悬浮反应池中进行多点进水渐减曝气;     

高压脉冲等离子体水处理装置的研制

研制了一种新型水净化处理装置,以取代氯气消毒工艺。装置利用高压脉冲在水雾中介质阻挡放电产生低温等离子体,综合了高能电子辐射、臭氧氧化、紫外光照射等多因素的协同降解作用,使出水达到国家饮用水标准。另外对装置的高压脉冲电源、等离子体发生器的研制提出了新的设计思路。     

HPLC/ICPMS在溴元素形态分析中的应用

溴是一种在自然水体中都含有的元素,通常以溴离子-Br-的形式存在。目前最常用的水净化方式就是向水中通入臭氧以杀灭细菌。而臭氧分解的副产物即为溴离子转换成的溴酸根BrO3-,一种公认的致癌物质!本文建立了溴的形态分析方法,并应用在实际水样分析中。     

高压放电式臭氧发生器的电气故障分析

臭氧发生器是用于制取臭氧的装置,由于臭氧易于分解、无法储存,所以需要现场制取及使用。在石化行业,为实现环保达标,臭氧被广泛应用于净化废水,成为一种污染治理的有效手段。现介绍了高压放电式臭氧发生器的工作原理,并对臭氧发生器进水、电极击穿、整流桥故障、逆变回路故障等常见故障进行了分析。     

不同消毒法对动物医院诊室消毒效果观察

本文将臭氧净化消毒法与紫外线空气照射消毒法进行比较。采用平板沉降法进行空气采样,计算不同消毒方法在消毒进行10min,20min,30min时和消毒后30min的杀菌率。结果显示,臭氧消毒30min时杀菌率为92.6%,明显高于紫外线消毒的消毒杀菌率75.8%。湿度60%以上,开机30min臭氧杀菌率为98.4%,紫外线消毒组杀菌率仅为28.6%。应用臭氧净化空气消毒法具有高效、适用性广等特点。     

国家科技成果重点推广项目

总排放废水处理循环利用工程 该工程为工厂总排放口混合废水(生产废水、生活污水、雨水及地表水)处理综合利用项目,采用悬浮反应渐减曝气处理工艺,整个系统实现了闭路循环。在构筑物的设计上均采用一物多用和多功能,如:利用循环水泵增设水射器引入空气到输水管代替压力溶气罐,在悬浮反应池中进行多点进水渐减曝气;在浮选池中可进行延续曝气、浮选或做斜管池前初沉池用;两级式逆向流斜管采用抽屉式安装,并与自动综合油水分离器配合,应用     

自氧水处理器的研究

介绍了１种臭氧水处理器的结构、工艺流程、工作原理及臭氧消毒的影响因素。     

二氧化氯协同消毒剂发生器技术

二氧化氯协同消毒剂发生器是一种通过电解食盐水溶液产生ClO_2、O_3、H_2O_2和Cl_2等多种强氧化剂的设备,属新一代消毒发生器。它具有用隔膜分开的阳极室和阴极室,配套设备有投盐槽、水射器及电源等。该发生器具有广谱杀菌能力,它除能杀灭大肠杆     

臭氧水处理器的研究

介绍了1种臭氧水处理器的结构、工艺流程、工作原理及臭氧消毒的影响因素.     

A Device for Ozone Production and Deactivation of Smoke Gases Based on an Electric Discharge Developing in the Runaway-Electrons Mode

A device for ozone production and deactivation of smoke gases has been designed. It is based on a high-voltage nanosecond electric discharge developing in the mode of runaway electrons at atmospheric pressure. The first experiments have shown high efficiency in the device operation. The specific energy consumption in the ozone production was 3.3 × 10⁷ J/kg. Purification from smoke requires an energy consumption of 1.3 × 10^–18 J per molecule of sulphur dioxide at a 50% degree of purification. Improvement of the device is planned.     

Examination of cavitation-induced surface erosion pitting of a mechanical heart valve using a solenoid-actuated apparatus

Several factors, including peak dp/dt of the ventricular pressure and maximum closing velocity of leaflet have been studied as indices of the cavitation threshold. In the present study, just before closing velocity of the leaflet has been studied as indices of the cavitation threshold, and cavitation erosion on the surface of a mechanical valve was examined by focusing on squeeze flow and the water hammer phenomenon during the closing period of the valve. A simple solenoid-actuated test device that can directly control the valve closing velocity was developed, and opening-closing tests of 3,000 and 40,000 cycles were performed at various closing velocities. There was a closing velocity threshold to occur erosion pitting of valve surface, and its value was about 0.4 m/s in this study. Cavitation-induced erosion pits were observed only in regions where squeeze flow occurred immediately before valve closure. On the other hand, the number of the pits was found to be closely related to an area of water hammer-induced pressure wave below the critical pressure defined by water vapor pressure. Therefore, it was concluded that cavitation is initiated and augmented by the two pressure drops due to squeeze flow and water hammer phenomenon, respectively.     

自激振荡脉冲射流频率特性实验研究

为了研究射流峰值压力频率和脉冲射流峰值压力以及自激振荡装置结构参数间的相互关系,运用流体网络理论建立了自激振荡装置相似网络模型,并完成了单腔室自激振荡脉冲实验。相似网络模型和实验结果表明:脉冲压力峰值频率不仅取决于系统的固有频率,还决定于系统的阻尼比;射流压力峰值频率随腔长的增大而减小,随泵压的升高而增大,存在一个最佳腔长使射流峰值压力最大;自激振荡装置具有低波滤通性,当来流脉动主频与自激振荡装置固有频率相近时,脉冲射流压力峰值最大。     

Experimental study of wave gas dispersers in liquid

A new type of device for dispersing gas in liquid, a wave disperser, is developed and studied. Its functioning is based on the utilization of pressure pulses generated by waves propagating from a generator of hydrodynamic vibrations. The purpose of the work is to reduce the gas bubble size and the energy losses to dispersion compared to the known disperser types. This is important for many chemical technologies, systems of biological purification of wastewater, and chlorination and ozone treatment of tap water.     

Novel characterization of the large water discharge

Measurement of water discharges is important in chemical engineering and pharmacy. However, high-accuracy measurements of the large water discharge are difficult due to long operational periods and large total water discharge. Here is reported a novel device for the highly accurate, continuous measurement of large water discharge at atmospheric pressure. The device is composed of two identical water discharge measurement subsystems. The computer-controlled system automatically switches the subsystems alternate operation to provide continuous, accurate measurements. Each subsystem used a slender glass tube 2300?mm in length, a pressure transducer, and a solenoid valve. After static calibration, the pressure transducer accurately measures the volume of water in the tube based on the pressure difference in the liquid levels. Moreover, the dynamic error caused by the fluidity of water was characterized. Comparison of simulations and measurements were used to characterize and reduce the dynamic error. Continuous large water discharge measurements were performed. The results show that the device is accurate, stability, and not limited by the measurement time, allowing continuous operation for extended intervals.     

Preparation and accurate measurement of pure ozone

Preparation of high purity ozone as well as precise and accurate measurement of its pressure are metrological requirements that are difficult to meet due to ozone decomposition occurring in pressure sensors. The most stable and precise transducer heads are heated and, therefore, prone to accelerated ozone decomposition, limiting measurement accuracy and compromising purity. Here, we describe a vacuum system and a method for ozone production, suitable to accurately determine the pressure of pure ozone by avoiding the problem of decomposition. We use an inert gas in a particularly designed buffer volume and can thus achieve high measurement accuracy and negligible degradation of ozone with purities of 99.8% or better. The high degree of purity is ensured by comprehensive compositional analyses of ozone samples. The method may also be applied to other reactive gases.     

高压放电式臭氧生成装置的改进

设计新型高压放电氧化空气生成臭氧装置,克服传统臭氧生成装置模块庞杂的缺点。通过分析现有高压放电氧化空气生成臭氧装置存在的不足,创新设计双电路供电,配合低功耗振荡电路、低匝数变压器以及倍压整流电路,辅以控制电路、风扇排风系统和放电系统,使臭氧生成装置的体积大为减小,满足臭氧生成模块的微型化、电路的灵活化和低功耗的要求。对新设计系统所生成的臭氧浓度进行检测,结果符合标准要求。     

高围压水射流切割实验装置的设计

介绍了高围压水射流切割实验装置的结构组成。该装置用于模拟1000m以内深水作业条件下，高围压对水射流切割技术性能的影响，为其在工程实践中的开发和应用提供一些有益的数据参考。     

A new compact microwave spectroradiometer-ozonometer

A new-generation mobile microwave spectroradiometer intended for studying the Earth’s ozone layer is described. The device receives thermal radio-frequency emission of the stratospheric ozone at the frequency of its rotational transition (110 836 MHz) in a 240-MHz frequency band. The spectral resolution at the O3 line center is 1 MHz. The effective noise temperature of the uncooled receiver in the single-sideband mode is ∼2000 K. The ozonometer is equipped with a computer-aided data measurement, calibration, and preprocessing control system. The device is intended to obtain an ozone profile in a 20- to 60-km altitude interval within 15–20 min.