共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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建立了高温高压环境下双组分单液滴的一维非稳态蒸发模型.该模型可描述气/液两相质量及能量平衡、液相传热传质和相变过程.使用所建立的液滴蒸发模型,以正二十四烷(C_(24)H_(50))和正三十烷(C_(30)H_(62))作为机油的表征组分,分析了双组分机油液滴蒸发过程中液滴温度和组分摩尔分数分布的变化趋势,并对比了相同环境条件下机油与异辛烷液滴的不同蒸发特性.在此基础上,研究了环境压力、环境温度和液滴初始半径对机油液滴寿命、液滴蒸发百分数、液滴温度和组分摩尔分数等的影响.结果表明:在高温高压环境下,机油液滴能够留存较长时间,形成缸内高温早燃源的可能性较大. 相似文献
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重力热管内部包含复杂的两相流动以及相变传热过程,传统理论分析及实验手段不能直观给出其内部流动、相变、热质传递的详细信息。采用VOF(volume of fluid)多相流模型对重力热管内气液两相流动及传热进行模拟,捕捉到蒸发段气泡产生、合并、长大、上升,以及冷凝段壁面附近液滴形成、合并、下滑、汇集到液池的全过程,得到的壁温分布与实验测量值对比体现良好一致性,表明数值模拟的正确性。同时,以热阻、传热量和热效率为评价标准,研究不同充液率和倾斜角度下对重力热管运行性能的影响。结果表明:在所研究的参数范围内,随着充液率的增加,热阻逐渐减小,冷凝段传热量逐渐增大。且工质初始充注量充满蒸发段时热管性能较好;倾角对热阻的影响不明显,冷凝段传热量和热效率均随倾角增加而增长。 相似文献
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采用分子动力学方法对纳米尺度下氩液滴在氩蒸气中蒸发过程进行了模拟,其中液相分子采用球形截断的Lennard-Jones势能函数描述。模拟过程首先在三维模拟空间产生准稳态平衡的液滴和周围气相环境,随后控制液滴的外界物理条件形成蒸发现象,同步记录气液两相分子坐标和动量变化,从微观信息中统计计算出相应的宏观物理信息。研究了蒸发初始液滴半径的不同研究其对液滴蒸发过程的影响,结果表明纳米尺度下液滴蒸发现象与微米以上尺度液滴蒸发现象存在差异;引入等效辐射能的概念在分子动力学方法中实现了对辐射能传递过程的模拟,证实了辐射传递能量会对纳米尺度液滴蒸发过程产生很大的影响。 相似文献
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P. Worth Longest Clement Kleinstreuer 《International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer》2004,47(22):4745-4759
Individual and interacting effects of uniform flow, plane shear, and near-wall proximity on spherical droplet heat and mass transfer have been assessed for low Reynolds number conditions beyond the creeping flow regime. Validated resolved volume simulations were used to compute heat and mass transfer surface gradients of two-dimensional axisymmetric droplets and three-dimensional spherical droplets near planar wall boundaries for conditions consistent with inhalable aerosols (5 ? d ? 300 μm) in the upper respiratory tract. Results indicate that planar shear significantly impacts droplet heat and mass transfer for shear-based Reynolds numbers greater than 1, which occur for near-wall respiratory aerosols with diameters in excess of 50 μm. Wall proximity is shown to significantly enhance heat and mass transfer due to conduction and diffusion at separation distances less than five particle diameters and for small Reynolds numbers. For the Reynolds number conditions of interest, significant non-linear effects arise due to the concurrent interaction of uniform flow and shear such that linear superposition of Sherwood or Nusselt number terms is not allowable. Based on the validated numeric simulations, multivariable Sherwood and Nusselt number correlations are provided to account for individual flow characteristics and concurrent non-linear interactions of uniform flow, planar shear, and near-wall proximity. These heat and mass transfer correlations can be applied to effectively compute condensation and evaporation rates of potentially toxic or therapeutic aerosols in the upper respiratory tract, where non-uniform flow and wall proximity are expected to significantly affect droplet transport, deposition, and vapor formation. 相似文献
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George Strotos Manolis Gavaises Andreas Theodorakakos George Bergeles 《International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer》2008,51(7-8):1516-1529
The evaporation of water droplets, impinging with low Weber number and gently depositing on heated surfaces of stainless steel is studied numerically using a combination of fluid flow and heat transfer models. The coupled problem of heat transfer between the surrounding air, the droplet and the wall together with the liquid vaporisation from the droplet’s free surface is predicted using a modified VOF methodology accounting for phase-change and variable liquid properties. The surface cooling during droplet’s evaporation is predicted by solving simultaneously with the fluid flow and heat transfer equations, the heat conduction equation within the solid wall. The droplet’s evaporation rate is predicted using a model from the kinetic theory of gases coupled with the Spalding mass transfer model, for different initial contact angles and substrate’s temperatures, which have been varied between 20–90° and 60–100 °C, respectively. Additionally, results from a simplified and computationally less demanding simulation methodology, accounting only for the heat transfer and vaporisation processes using a time-dependent but pre-described droplet shape while neglecting fluid flow are compared with those from the full solution. The numerical results are compared against experiments for the droplet volume regression, life time and droplet shape change, showing a good agreement. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer》2006,49(11-12):1790-1803
The change of water droplets state is modelled numerically under various heat and mass transfer conditions during their unsteady evaporation. The modelling is performed using the method of combined analytic–numeric research of heat and mass transfer in a two-phase “droplets–gas” flow. The algorithm of an iterative research is constructed for the analytically obtained system of integral equations. Regularities of heat transfer process interaction are examined. The dependence of the droplet state change on its heating manner is determined. Unsteadiness and interaction of transfer processes, as well as selectivity of radiant absorption in water droplets are evaluated. It is indicated that cognition of the droplet state change regularities in the case of conductive heating is very important in determination of two-phase flow and in construction of an engineering research method. 相似文献
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Yaghoub Behjat Shahrokh Shahhosseini Mahdi Ahmadi Marvast 《International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer》2010
The sprayed feed droplet behavior, including coalescence and vaporization into gas–solid flow, is complex especially near the atomizer region in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) riser reactor. A three dimensional CFD model of the riser reactor has been developed, which takes into the account three phase hydrodynamics, heat transfer and evaporation of the liquid droplets into a gas–solid flow as well as phase interactions. A hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian approach was applied to numerically simulate the collision and vaporization of gas oil droplets in the gas–solid fluidized bed. This numerical simulation accounts the possibility of coalescence of feed spray droplets in computing the trajectories and its impact on droplet penetration in the reactor. The modeling result shows that droplet coalescence mainly occurs at the initial part of the atomizing region and where three phase flow hits the reactor wall and bounces back. The model has the ability of inspecting the effects of feed injector geometry on the overall reactor hydrodynamic and heat transfer. The CFD simulation results showed that the evaporated droplet gas caused higher local velocities of the gas and solid particles and gas–solid flow temperature reduction. 相似文献
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基于格子玻尔兹曼方法(Lattice Boltzmann Method, LBM)对固着在加热基板上的液滴铺展及蒸发过程进行模拟,主要研究重力场、基板润湿性以及初始环境温度对液滴铺展及蒸发过程的影响。通过预测蒸发过程中液滴与基板的接触直径变化和液滴剩余质量变化,分析液滴形状及体积变化。研究结果发现,液滴形貌及蒸发过程受重力影响较大,重力作用下液滴铺展现象明显且蒸发加快。基板的接触角越小,液滴铺展现象越明显,其接触直径越大,蒸发越快。当环境温度与基板温度相差较大时,液滴内部出现涡流,强化换热使蒸发过程加快。 相似文献
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Droplet evaporation widely exists in the daily life and industrial production. In most of previous experimental studies, the evaporation of sessile droplets was conducted under a constant substrate temperature condition. However, drops often evaporating on a heating surface under a constant heat flux condition in many practical applications. In this paper, we have carried out an experiment on sessile 3 μl DI water droplets evaporated on hydrophilic and hydrophobic heating surfaces under constant heat flux in the range from 1153 W/m2 to 6919 W/m2. A high-speed camera was used to record the changing shapes of two sessile droplets on a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic heating surface placed side by side. The droplet height, dynamic contact angle, droplet contact diameter, evaporation mode and evaporation rate are presented. 相似文献
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G. Miliauskas 《International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer》2003,46(21):4119-4138
The study presents the mathematical model of unsteady heat transfer in evaporating semitransparent droplets of non-isothermal initial state and the numerical research method, evaluating selective radiation absorption and its influence on the interaction of transfer processes. The relation of the transfer processes inside droplets and in their surroundings and the necessity of thorough research of these processes are substantiated. When modeling the combined energy transfer in water droplets, the evaluation of thermoconvective stability in evaporating semitransparent liquid droplets is presented; the influence of the droplet initial state on its heating and evaporation process is investigated. The influence of heat transfer peculiarities on the change of the evaporating droplet state is indicated. Main parameters, which decide the peculiarities of the interaction of unsteady transfer processes in droplets and their surroundings, are discussed. The results of the numerical research are compared to the known results of the experimental studies of water droplet temperature and evaporation rate. 相似文献
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The coupling model of flow and heat and mass transfer for gas-spray droplet two-phase flow has been developed to simulate the evaporating spray in cross-flow. The correlations used for describing the droplet evaporation and motion in convective flow have been compared. The comparisons of calculated results show that the different correlations for determining Nusselt number and Sherwood number impose a significant influence on the lifetime of droplet. The modification of Nusselt number and Sherwood number with regard to the heat and mass boundary around the droplet is of great importance, while different mixing laws for mixture properties and different drag coefficient equations only demonstrate a slight effect on the evaporation characteristics of droplet. The characteristics of spray droplets and cross-flow in terms of both evaporation and motion are obtained. The secondary flow phenomenon is observed in the simulation results and contributes to achieving a more even distribution of temperature and an improved mixing effect of the vapor and cross-flow. 相似文献
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Sessile droplets' evaporation is a complex process that involves fluid flow coupled with heat and mass transfer. In this study, mathematical modelling of sessile droplet evaporation on hydrophobic substrates is developed and simulations are carried out on COMSOL. The model results are validated with the data available in the literature. Postvalidation, the simulation of droplet evaporation is carried out on the various substrate hydrophobicities and various environmental conditions. For these conditions, contours are plotted for temperature, velocity, and mass concentration for the droplet and moist air domain. The result shows that Marangoni convection plays a very important role in droplet evaporation. A high rate of evaporation is observed at the droplet interface at low relative humidity and a large degree of subheating. The effect of air velocity on the evaporation rate is studied, however, its effect is very marginal as compared to relative humidity and degree of subheating. The heat flux at the three-phase contact line is large for a smaller Prandtl number fluid. Overall, the evaporation rate increases with increasing the Prandtl number because it has a large value of Marangoni convection. 相似文献