聚合物水泥基材料在建筑涂料中的应用

介绍了聚合物水泥基材料在建筑涂料中应用的几个问题,包括聚合物水泥基材料的特性、聚合物对水泥的改性原理以及聚合物水泥基材料在建筑涂料中的应用、聚合物水泥基建筑涂料的性能特征、主要品种和近年来的发展情况等,并对聚合物水泥基建筑涂料今后的发展作了展望。     

脱硫石膏在水泥基材料中的应用

通过归纳国内外有关脱硫石膏在水泥基材料中应用的研究结果,分析了不同来源脱硫石膏的颗粒形貌、粒径分布、化学成分以及其在水泥基材料中对力学性能的影响。最后指出了我国脱硫石膏在水泥基材料中的资源化利用过程中存在的问题。     

新型水泥基材料自养护剂的合成与应用

合成了新型的水泥基材料养护剂：聚丙烯酸型吸水树脂(SAPAA)和丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺共聚型吸水树脂(SAPAA-AM)。掺加SAP的砂浆在不养护的情况下，强度得到了改善，尤其是挠曲强度，不但明显高于不养护的空白砂浆，且高于标准养护的试样，达到了较好的自养护效果。     

粉煤灰和矿渣微粉在水泥基材料中的复合效应研究

通过测定不同龄期的水泥净浆、砂浆和混凝土的力学强度以及水泥净浆的抗模拟酸雨侵蚀性能，探讨了在矿物掺合料总量为胶凝材料总量的40％时，单掺粉煤灰、单掺矿渣微粉以及粉煤灰与矿渣微粉双掺对水泥基材料性能的影响。试验结果表明：在本试验条件下，与基准试件相比，矿物掺合料的掺入可以显著改善水泥基材料的工作性能，但是在一定程度上会导致其力学性能的降低；同时双掺可以发挥出明显的“叠加效应”，但是“超叠加效应”不显著.     

水泥基材料强度影响因素:分析与综述

材料的强度是受气孔率、弹性模量、悉裂能和临界缺陷尺寸控制的。气孔率对材料的弹性模量、断裂性和临界裂纹尺寸都有影响,高效水泥基材料必须具有低气孔率的致密的显微结构,其途径一般通过组成改性增强、颗粒堆积技术、聚合物浸渍及纤维增强来实现,并利用高能混合来保证材料的均匀性,降低非本征缺陷,高效能水泥基材料一般是一种多相复合材料,要实现复合材料的优点须控制水泥浆体／集料／纤维之间的界面结合状态,改善湿微结构     

废弃玻璃粉末在超高性能水泥基材料中的应用

采用单一变量控制法,研究玻璃粉掺量、细度以及不同养护温度对超性能水泥基材料(UHPCBM)强度的影响,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)的微观测试手段来探究玻璃粉对硬化浆体水化产物微观形貌的影响。试验结果表明,玻璃粉可作为掺和料加入到UHPCBM中,并提高其性能和改善其微观结构;当玻璃粉掺量为10%,研磨1h,养护温度为80℃时,试件的强度最佳。     

石墨烯及其衍生物在水泥基材料中的应用与研究进展

石墨烯及其衍生物在水泥基材料中应用有着一定的研究,具有很好的应用发展前景.总结了石墨烯及其衍生物在水泥基材料中的研究现状及进展,介绍了其对水泥基材料水化过程、工作性、力学性能的影响,详细总结了石墨烯及其衍生物改性水泥基材料耐久性能的研究进展,分析了当前研究存在的问题,指出了石墨烯及其衍生物水泥基材料的发展趋势.     

二氧化碳在水泥基材料中的应用研究进展

为了缓解二氧化碳对环境造成的压力,许多专家学者进行了二氧化碳在水泥基材料中的应用研究,从二氧化碳养护、二氧化碳强化再生骨料、内掺二氧化碳三个方面进行了归纳和总结.得出了二氧化碳养护能缩短混凝土制品的生产周期,提高生产效率,以及改善水泥浆体的孔隙结构;二氧化碳强化再生骨料可以使再生骨料的密实度增大、吸水率减小、压碎值减小等;内掺二氧化碳对水泥水化过程,以及水泥基材料的性能均会产生一定的影响,若应用得当,对凝结时间、水化热、强度等性能有一定的改善作用.综上所述,二氧化碳在水泥基材料中的应用,已经取得了一些较好的成果,但为了更好的发挥其在水泥基材料中的作用,还需进一步加强其对水泥水化过程、以及水泥基材料耐久性等方向的影响研究.     

无接触电阻率法在水泥基材料水化过程中的应用进展

介绍了无接触电阻率法在水泥基材料中的应用情况,总结了无接触电阻率法研究水泥基材料的水化过程,概述了电阻率与水泥基材料水化凝结时间、强度的关系,以及外加剂对电阻率的影响,最后对无接触电阻率法存在的问题及今后的应用方向提出了建议。     

高性能水泥基材料及其精细制品的发展

高性能水泥基材料及其精细制品已成为当代胶凝亲的重要研究方向，本文介绍了该方向理论研究与技术研究取得的主要进展，并对其涵义、研究内容及发展进行了探讨。     

几种杀菌剂在微生物控制方面的应用

微生物在循环水系统中的大量繁殖，会形成大量黏泥使冷却塔的冷却效率降低；黏泥如果沉积在换热器内．使传热效率迅速降低；沉积在金属表面会引起严重的垢下腐蚀；同时它还使药剂不能发挥应有的缓蚀阻垢效能。通过对新疆独山子乙烯循环水系统运行8a来所用的几种氧化性杀菌剂在微生物控制方面的应用效果比较，给出了该系统最适用的杀菌剂。     

城市供水中有机物质分析

本文采用进口XAD-2与XAD-4混合树脂吸附,利用气相色谱一质谱联用仪(GC／MS)定性分析松花江水中有机物质,最后确定出185种,其中主要“三致”效应的毒性物45种,占检出有机物质的24．3％。     

几种新型功能晶体材料的研究

功能晶体材料学是研究分子或化学基团在晶体中的核心、晶体的设计、结构预测以及性能控制等,利用不同类型分子间相互作用及几何结构.构筑具有结构新颖和性能独特的晶体.本文重点介绍含几种新型功能晶体材料的种类、特点和研究现状,展望了未来晶体材料的发展趋势.     

Application of nanotechnologies to organosilicate materials

The use of fullerenes C₆₀ + C₇₀ and polyhedral multilayered nanoparticles (astralenes) in organosilicate coatings of the “polyorganosiloxane-silicate-inorganic pigment” composition leads to an increase in the physicomechanical and protective properties of the coating, as well as to a change in the energy characteristics of the coating surface. The decrease observed in the polar component of the surface energy of the coatings is especially pronounced upon introduction of astralenes.     

Gravitational drainage of compressible organic materials

A model was developed to simulate drainage of compressible particle suspensions, and study how cake compression and volumetric load influence the process. The input parameters were settling velocity, cake resistance and compressibility. These parameters were found using a new experimental method. Dextran‐MnO₂ particle suspensions were drained as these resemble organic waste slurries with respect to settling and compressibility. It was demonstrated that cake compressibility must be taken into account to obtain adequate simulations. This implies that pressurized filtration resistances cannot be used for drainage simulations. In the filtration step, a distinct increase of dry matter from top to bottom of the cake was observed. During the subsequent consolidation, the cake compressed and a uniform dry matter profile was found. The final dry matter content of the cake increased with feed concentration and volumetric load. The drainage time increased proportionally with feed concentration and, more importantly, proportionally with squared volumetric load. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010     

Aggregate nanostructures of organic molecular materials

Conjugated organic molecules are interesting materials because of their structures and their electronic, electrical, magnetic, optical, biological, and chemical properties. However, researchers continue to face great challenges in the construction of well-defined organic compounds that aggregate into larger molecular materials such as nanowires, tubes, rods, particles, walls, films, and other structural arrays. Such nanoscale materials could serve as direct device components. In this Account, we describe our recent progress in the construction of nanostructures formed through the aggregation of organic conjugated molecules and in the investigation of the optical, electrical, and electronic properties that depend on the size or morphology of these nanostructures. We have designed and synthesized functional conjugated organic molecules with structural features that favor assembly into aggregate nanostructures via weak intermolecular interactions. These large-area ordered molecular aggregate nanostructures are based on a variety of simpler structures such as fullerenes, perylenes, anthracenes, porphyrins, polydiacetylenes, and their derivatives. We have developed new methods to construct these larger structures including organic vapor-solid phase reaction, natural growth, association via self-polymerization and self-organization, and a combination of self-assembly and electrochemical growth. These methods are both facile and reliable, allowing us to produce ordered and aligned aggregate nanostructures, such as large-area arrays of nanowires, nanorods, and nanotubes. In addition, we can synthesize nanoscale materials with controlled properties. Large-area ordered aggregate nanostructures exhibit interesting electrical, optical, and optoelectronic properties. We also describe the preparation of large-area aggregate nanostructures of charge transfer (CT) complexes using an organic solid-phase reaction technique. By this process, we can finely control the morphologies and sizes of the organic nanostructures on wires, tubes, and rods. Through field emission studies, we demonstrate that the films made from arrays of CT complexes are a new kind of cathode materials, and we systematically investigate the effects of size and morphology on electrical properties. Low-dimension organic/inorganic hybrid nanostructures can be used to produce new classes of organic/inorganic solid materials with properties that are not observed in either the individual nanosize components or the larger bulk materials. We developed the combined self-assembly and templating technique to construct various nanostructured arrays of organic and inorganic semiconductors. The combination of hybrid aggregate nanostructures displays distinct optical and electrical properties compared with their individual components. Such hybrid structures show promise for applications in electronics, optics, photovoltaic cells, and biology. In this Account, we aim to provide an intuition for understanding the structure-function relationships in organic molecular materials. Such principles could lead to new design concepts for the development of new nonhazardous, high-performance molecular materials on aggregate nanostructures.     

L-丙交酯在不同有机溶剂中的溶解度测定

利用激光法测定了L-丙交酯在甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇、丙酮和乙酸乙酯中的溶解度,测试温度范围为293.15～313.15 K。L-丙交酯的溶解度大小顺序是:丙酮>乙酸乙酯>甲醇>乙醇>正丁醇。用Apelblat方程对测定的溶解度数据进行了拟合,通过计算得到在不同溶剂中的结晶热。     

有机物绿色氧化技术的研究进展

随着环境保护越来越受到人们的关注，发展“环境友好”的氧化技术已成为一种趋势。绿色氧化方法是对传统化学思维的更新和发展，综述了绿色氧化技术的研究现状及发展动向。