热处理制度对Pr3+-Yb3+掺杂氟氧微晶玻璃光谱特性的影响

氟氧化物微晶玻璃具有良好的机械性能、化学稳定性和优异的发光性能,是作为量子剪裁的理想介质材料。本文选择55SiO2-5Na2O-20Al2O3-20CaF2作为稀土掺杂的基础玻璃,通过对玻璃进行不同的热处理从而获得了不同的Pr3+-Yb3+共掺微晶玻璃。通过吸收光谱、发射光谱和荧光衰减曲线的比较,发现升高热处理温度或延长保温时间会导致近红外区域的发射峰增强,Pr3+的荧光寿命降低,且计算表明,Pr3+-Yb3+之间的能量传递效率增加了。     

Ce3+-Tb3+共掺杂黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃的发光与能量传递

以黄磷炉渣为原料,采用高温熔融法制备Ce³⁺-Tb³⁺共掺杂黄磷炉渣发光微晶玻璃,通过差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、稳态/瞬态荧光(FLS)、CIE色度等探究不同的Tb³⁺掺杂量对微晶玻璃析出晶相、发光性能和样品色度的影响。结果表明,Ce³⁺和Tb³⁺的引入,微晶玻璃主晶相为硅灰石,在310 nm波长激发下,随着Tb³⁺掺杂量增加,位于380 nm处Ce³⁺的特征发射峰减小,543 nm处Tb³⁺的特征发射峰增强,证实Ce³⁺和Tb³⁺之间存在能量传递,能量传递效率达到24.55%。此外,通过调整Tb³⁺掺杂量,微晶玻璃发光颜色可由蓝光调至绿光,从而实现发光颜色的可控化。     

Yb3+、Er3+和Eu3+共掺杂TiO2纳米带的制备与表征

通过离子交换和水热两步合成过程简单制备了Yb3+、Er3+和Eu3+共掺杂锐钛矿型TiO2纳米带。该3种离子共掺杂未导致TiO2结构和形貌发生变化。光学特性测试结果表明,由于稀土离子掺杂浓度低,Eu3+掺杂未改变由Yb3+和Er3+产生的上转换发射峰位,但可观察到因上转换发光激发的Eu3+荧光发射峰;Eu3+荧光光谱也未受到Yb3+和Er3+掺杂的影响。通过对掺杂样品上转换发光机理的考察证实,上转换发光过程是双光子过程,但TiO2和Eu3+掺杂对此发光过程有明显影响。     

Tb3+-Yb3+共掺氟氧化物微晶玻璃的发光特性及其外量子效率的评价

本研究制备了Tb3+-Yb3+共掺杂含CaF2纳米晶相的氟氧化物透明微晶玻璃,并通过XRD验证了CaF2纳米晶的形成。基于Tb3+对Yb3+的协同能量传递,通过激发Tb3+∶5D4能级可观察到由Yb3+∶2F5/2→2F7/2跃迁引起的950~1100nm近红外发射。利用积分球测试系统评价了Yb3+在玻璃及微晶玻璃体系中的外量子效率,数据表明经过热处理后Yb3+的外量子效率有明显的增加,这是由于在微晶玻璃体系中掺杂的Tb3+离子和Yb3+离子富集在具有低声子能量的CaF2晶相从而获得了更有效的能量传递而引起的。同时利用Tb3+荧光寿命计算获得了材料的内量子效率,其值远大于外量子效率,这是由计算过程中的诸多近似所导致。     

硼酸铋玻璃中Er3+和Yb3+的光谱特性

采用熔体冷却法制备了单掺Er3+和Yb3+的硼酸铋玻璃,并利用理论方法计算了硼酸铋玻璃中Er3+和Yb3+的光谱参数.详细分析了硼酸铋玻璃中Er3+和Yb3+离子光谱参数与玻璃组成和掺杂浓度的关系,并研究了Yb3+离子的辐射陷阱效应.实验表明,掺Er3+和Yb3+的硼酸铋玻璃是一种具有潜在发展前途的固体激光器和光纤放大器用激光材料.     

Er3+/Yb3+共掺Al2O3光波导放大器的成分优化

利用980nm泵浦光激发下Er3+/Yb3+共掺Al2O3光波导放大器的粒子数速率方程,研究了稀土离子掺杂浓度对Er3+/Yb3+共掺Al2O3光波导放大器光学增益的影响。在此模型中,充分考虑到受激吸收、受激发射、自发辐射、能量转移等过程,揭示了稀土离子掺杂浓度和光学增益之间的紧密关系。结果表明,适量Yb3+的共掺杂能够显著提高Al2O3光波导放大器的光学增益。光波导放大器中Er3+/Yb3+的最佳共掺杂浓度不是固定值,受到泵浦功率、光波导放大器长度等因素影响,揭示了各有关报道中最佳掺杂浓度结果不一致的原因。     

Ce3+掺杂闪烁玻璃的研究进展

闪烁玻璃由于制备工艺简单,尺寸灵活可控,成本低廉等优点,有望成为中国环形正负电子对撞机(CEPC)中强子量能器的候选材料。其中,以Ce³⁺发光中心掺杂闪烁玻璃有较好的闪烁性能。玻璃基质可以分为氧化物玻璃、卤化物玻璃和微晶玻璃。本文根据Ce³⁺掺杂不同玻璃基质分类,重点关注了Ce³⁺掺杂闪烁玻璃的光学透过率、光产额、衰减时间等闪烁性能和抗辐照特性。并且,总结了国内外以及闪烁玻璃合作组的最新研究成果。针对不同玻璃体系的研究现状,从玻璃组成与制备工艺等两个方面探讨了玻璃性能提升手段。最后,对Ce³⁺掺杂闪烁玻璃未来的研究发展方向做出了展望。     

Eu3+掺杂的ZnO微晶玻璃的制备及其发光性能

通过熔融热处理方法得到了Eu3+掺杂氧化锌微晶玻璃。利用XRD、透射电子显微镜研究了热处理后微晶玻璃的微结构。利用发射光谱研究了其发光性能。结果表明,样品在750℃热处理2h后,在玻璃网络中形成了尺寸约10nm的ZnO纳米晶。结构研究显示结晶后Eu3+进入了ZnO晶格之中。发射光谱显示其发光性能随着ZnO含量的增加以及热处理时间的增加而显著增强。     

掺杂ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃的研制及吸收光谱特性

在ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃中掺入少量晶核剂TiO2,再掺入过渡金属离子和稀土离子,在高温下熔制得到透明母体玻璃.对上述玻璃进行晶化热处理,最后得到透明微晶玻璃.测定了晶化前后玻璃的密度与硬度变化.用差热分析(DTA)确定晶化温度,用X射线粉末衍射确定微晶相,并用透射电镜观察了晶相的形貌.测定并讨论了所得微晶玻璃在紫外波段至近红外波段的吸收光谱特性.研究结果表明微晶化后的密度与硬度都增大.掺杂于微晶玻璃中的Cr离子和Co离子的吸收光谱在微晶前后发生较大差异,而其余均未明显变化,这一现象归属于掺杂离子所处的不同位置所致.     

Tm3+/Ho3+共掺硫卤玻璃的2.00μm荧光特性研究

通过真空熔融淬冷法制备了不同浓度Tm3+/Ho3+离子共掺的70GeS2-20In2S3-10CsI玻璃样品,分析了样品的热稳定性及拉曼光谱,测试了样品的吸收光谱以及808 nm激光泵浦下Ho3+:5I7→5I8辐射跃迁对应的2.00μm荧光光谱特性.结果表明:Tm3+离子掺杂浓度为0.25mol%时,随着Ho3+离子掺杂浓度从0.05mol%增加到0.125mol%,Tm3+离子在1.86μm的发光强度逐渐减弱,Ho3+离子2.00μm荧光明显增强,表明Tm3+/Ho3+离子之间存在有效的能量转移.     

Plasma spraying of Al2O3 and Al2O3Y2O3

A microstructural study has been carried out of plasma-sprayed Al₂O₃ and mixed and sintered Al₂O₃Y₂O₃. In order to ascertain the degree of metastability achieved by plasma spraying, these results are compared with a similar experiment utilizing a CO₂ laser for melting and the hammer-and-anvil technique for quenching of the same materials. X-ray diffraction methods were used to determine the obtained phases and crystal structures. In addition, transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the phases present and to study their morpology. The porosity was studied with both mercury intrusion porosimetry and small angle neutron scattering. The addition of Y₂O₃ is shown to decrease the porosity from 15% to 7.5%. Adhesion is likewise related to the addition of Y₂O₃ and it is seen that adhesion of the mixture is measurably improved over that of pure Al₂O₃. The implication of these results is discussed.     

Study of the strain-resistance properties of massive samples of Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 and Bi2Te3-Bi2Se3

The coefficients of strain sensitivity of polycrystalline samples of ternary alloys based on bismuth and antimony chalcogenides were measured and the strain sensitivity of Peltier thermocouples of low height under real working conditions were evaluated.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 97–99, January, 1989.     

Microstructure and Strength of Al2O3/Al2O3 Joints Bonded with ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 Glass-Ceramic

ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 （ZABS） glass powder was used as interlayer to join alumina ceramics. The effect of joining temperature on the microstructure and strength of joints was investigated. The results showed that the ZABS glass can react with alumina substrate to form a layer of ZnAl2O4 at Al2O3/glass interface. Bending test exhibited that low joining temperature （1150℃） led to low joint strength due to the formation of pores in the interlayer, originated by high viscosity of the glass. High joining temperature （1250 ℃） also resulted in low joint strength, because of large CTE （coefficient of thermal expansion） mismatch between amorphous interlayer and alumina substrate. Therefore, only when the joining temperature was appropriate （1200℃）, defect-free interface and high joint strength can be obtained. The optimum joint strength reached 285 MPa, which was the same as the base material strength.     

Thermodynamic properties of seven gaseous halogenated hydrocarbons from acoustic measurements: CHClFCF3, CHF2 CF3, CF3 CH3, CHF2CH3, CF3CHFCHF2, CF3CH2CF3, and CHF2CF2CH2F

Measurements of the speed of sound in seven halogenated hydrocarbons are presented. The compounds in this study are 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (CHClFCF₃ or HCFC-124), pentafluoroethane (CHF₂ CF₃ or HFC-125), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CF₃CH₃ or HFC-143a), 1,1-difluoroethane (CHF₂CH₃ or HFC-152a), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (CF₃CHFCHF₂ or HFC-236ea), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (CF₃CH₂CF₃ or HFC-236fa), and 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (CHF₂CF₂CH₂F or HFC-245ca). The measurements were performed with a cylindrical resonator at temperatures between 240 and 400 K and at pressures up to 1.0 MPa. Ideal-gas heat capacities and acoustic virial coefficients were directly deduced from the data. The ideal-gas heat capacity of HFC-125 from this work differs from spectroscopic calculations by less than 0.2% over the measurement range. The coefficients for virial equations of state were obtained from the acoustic data and hard-core square-well intermolecular potentials. Gas densities that were calculated from the virial equations of state for HCFC-124 and HFC-125 differ from independent density measurements by at most 0.15%, for the ranges of temperature and pressure over which both acoustic and Burnett data exist. The uncertainties in the derived properties for the other five compounds are comparable to those for HCFC-124 and HFC-125.     

Calculation of the Quasiternary Systems:Si_3N_4-Y_2O_3-SiO_2,Y_2O_3-SiO_2-BeO and Y_2O_3-Al_2O_3-BeO

Based on the thermodynamic model of Kaufman for the calculation of quasibinary and quasiternary system, numerical method for the calculation of stable equilibrium is developed and thermodynamic data of undefined phases are discussed in this work for several ceramic systems.The calculated isothermal sections in Si3N4-Y2O3-SiO2 system meet well with other previous calculated phase diagrams and experimental results. The diagrams in Y2O3-SiO2-BeO and Y2O3-Al2O3-BeO systems are calculated for the approach of prediction.     

Surface tension of PbO-B2O3 and Bi2O3-B2O3 glass melts

The surface tensions of xPbO-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 30–80 mol%) and xBi₂O₃-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 0–100 mol%) melts were measured using the ring method over the temperature range 973 to 1373 K. The compositional and temperature dependences of surface tension were investigated. Addition of PbO and Bi₂O₃ to B₂O₃ increased the surface tensions of their respective PbO-B₂O₃ and Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The surface tension showed a maximum at 60 mol% PbO in the PbO-B₂O₃ melts and at 70–80 mol% Bi₂O₃ in the Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The temperature coefficient of surface tension was examined on the basis of its relationship to the structure, and it was suggested that the temperature coefficient of surface tension decreases with an increasing content of four-coordinated boron.     

Preparation of pressureless-sintered SiC-Y2O3-Al2O3

Sintering additives were prepared from aluminium hydroxide and yttrium hydroxide. These additives were soluble in water and resulted in a binder. A -SiC powder was mixed with the additive solution and sintered at 2150° C without pressure. The oxides formed from the additive promoted sintering. The sintered body contained no pores. Aluminium, silicon, and yttrium oxide were precipitated in the sintered body.     

The crystallization of Gd2 3 -Al2O3 glasses

Glasses of Gd₂O₃ · x Al₂O₃ compositions where x represents 5/3, 4 and 6, were prepared using a rapid quenching apparatus and a laser beam. The crystallization process of the glasses was studied by means of differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction analysis and electron microscopy. The crystallizations of Gd₂O₃ · 5/3Al₂O₃, Gd₂O₃ · 4Al₂O₃ and Gd₂O₃ · 6Al₂O₃ are complex and exhibit one, two and three exothermic peaks in DTA measurement with increasing Al₂O₃ concentration, respectively. The crystallization process of Gd₂O₃ · 5/3Al₂O₃ glass involved the direct formation of the gadolinium aluminium garnet, 3Gd₂O₃ · 5l_{2 3} (GdAG), which is not obtained by the ordinary solid phase reaction. After crystallization of Gd₂O₃ · 4Al₂O₃ and Gd₂O₃ · l_{2 3} glass, both phases become a mixture of Gd₂O₃ · Al₂O₃ (perovskite type) and -Al₂O₃.