Sensitivity analysis of a fiber ring resonator based on an air-core photonic-bandgap fiber

The fiber ring resonator (FRR) is the core sensing element in a resonator fiber optic gyroscope (R-FOG), and its sensitivity determines the performance of the R-FOG. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the sensitivity of the FRR which is made of an air-core photonic-bandgap fiber (PBF), in which the characteristics of the FRR using PBF are compared with that of an FRR using a conventional single mode fiber. When using PBF instead of conventional fiber, it is found that the resonance curve is changed, and the sensitivity of the FRR is decreased a little when a narrow spectral linewidth laser is used. However, the degree of the decrease in sensitivity is not big enough to deny the advantages of PBF in improving the performance of the R-FOG considering that PBF is much better than conventional fiber in reducing the drift. Also, the optimal parameters of the directional coupler for sensitivity are discussed. It is found that the optimal intensity coupling coefficient when using PBF is nearly two times larger than that when using conventional fiber, and the optimal coupler intensity loss when using PBF is smaller than that when using conventional fiber.     

Realistic monomode air-core honeycomb photonic bandgap fiber with pockets

We present a photonic bandgap calculation of monomode air-core fibers with a realistic treatment of "pocket" interstitials that are formed in a honeycomb cladding. The analytic Fourier transformations of different honeycomb-lattice unit cells are used for plane-wave calculations. The consideration of the true pocket geometry within the cladding shifts the fundamental bandgap to higher frequencies and leads to a hollow-core fiber. The core radius necessary for a monomode fiber is approximated and then proved via the full-vectorial solution. The field distribution and polarization state of the fundamental mode for a real honeycomb photonic-crystal fiber (PCF) are given.     

光子晶体环形谐振器特性研究

文章采用FDTD(时域有限差分)法,通过数值计算得到了一种新型PCRR(光子晶体环形谐振腔)的宽带频响特性,并分析了介电常数对PCRR传输特性的影响。在此基础上建立了一个三波长的光子晶体分频器,结合对该模型中光场强度动态分布图的分析,实现了在1 5001、550和1 610 nm 3个波长处的分频功能。数值结果表明:与微腔特性相比,PCRR能同时得到多个窄频信号,并且在多波长分频器中可以减少微腔的个数;与波导耦合相比,在结构参数设计上更加灵活。     

带有环形谐振器的T形光子晶体滤波器

提出了一种带有环形谐振器的T形光子晶体滤波器,利用时域有限差分法研究了滤波器传输特性,分析了光子晶体结构参数对其传输特性影响。结果表明：该结构具有可调性开关波长、传输率高及频带宽的特点,在光子晶体集成制作、光通信器件制作等方面具有潜在的应用价值。     

保偏光纤环形谐振腔研究

报道了一种用于角速度测量的光纤谐振式传感器保偏光纤环形谐振腔的研究,给出了测量的原理、实验装置和实验结果.根据计算和实验结果,对影响系统性能的几个重要光学参数进行了设计和优化.该谐振腔已在传感器系统中得到应用.     

光纤腔动态谐振响应特性

光纤环形谐振腔的动态响应特性对其传感应用具有重要影响。为了抑制动态响应,利用多光束干涉原理对其产生原因进行了分析;通过实验测试得到了动态响应的临界振荡条件,并进一步分析了光功率对该临界条件的影响,实验结果与理论分析一致。同时,针对动态响应对谐振特性的干扰问题,测试了激光器调制参数对动态响应下振荡强度的影响,为传感系统中的误差评估提供了参考依据。     

光纤环形谐振腔输入功率波动对谐振式光纤陀螺的影响

谐振式光纤陀螺是一种基于Sagnac效应的高精度惯性传感器。作为一种互异性噪声,光纤谐振腔输入功率的波动会造成陀螺的检测误差。首先,分析了光纤谐振腔输入功率波动产生噪声的机理。通过对不同输入功率下的谐振腔传输特性和陀螺解调输出的理论及实验分析得到了谐振腔输入功率波动引起的检测误差的表达式。当输入角速度为500（）/s、输入功率为0.69 mW时,0.007 5 mW的功率波动会引起5.26（）/s的检测误差。其次,研究了谐振腔输入功率波动对陀螺标度因数的影响。通过计算发现随着输入功率波动的增大,解调曲线的线性区将会发生扭曲,同时陀螺的标度因数非线性度会恶化,为谐振式光纤陀螺中输入功率波动噪声的估测提供了参考。     

Ultra-high-Q optical filter based on photonic crystal ring resonator

In this study, a photonic crystal ring resonator with a triangular lattice is used to design an optical filter. The proposed structure is able to filter the central wavelength of 1548 nm with a transmission coefficient of over 95%. Moreover, this structure has an ultra-high-quality factor (Q) of about 1290. With altering the features of the structure including the refractive index, the lattice constant and the radius of the rods in the resonator core, their effects on the central wavelength of the filter, transmission coefficient, quality factor and bandwidth are investigated. The plane wave expansion and finite-difference time-domain methods are used to extract photonic band gap and investigate the photonic behavior of the proposed structure, respectively.     

High speed nano-optical encoder using photonic crystal ring resonator

Photonic Network Communications - In this present work, photonic crystal based ultra-high-speed encoder is proposed for optical computing applications. The designed logic device contains dual...     

Dynamic resonance characteristic analysis of fiber ring resonator

A resonator fiber optic gyro is a high accuracy inertial rotation sensor based on the Sagnac effect. Fiber ring resonator is the core-sensing element in the resonator fiber optic gyro. The dynamic response of the resonator has been studied, and the ringing phenomenon is observed when sweeping the laser frequency. The dynamic characteristics of the resonator, which are related with the frequency sweep rate, have a decisive effect on the dynamic performance of the gyro system. In order to further analyze and better design the gyro system, deep analysis of the dynamic resonance characteristics is in urgent need. This paper gives out the condition for the ringing phenomenon, and analyzes the parameters for the ringing and the dynamic resonance curve through simulation. It is concluded that increasing the sweep rate will lift the ringing and deteriorate the parameters of the resonance curve, and finally have negative effects on the performance of the gyro system.     

Bias of a resonator fiber optic gyro composed of apolarization-maintaining fiber ring resonator with the photoinducedbirefringent grating

A theoretical study of the polarization-fluctuation induced bias of an resonator fiber optic gyro (R-FOG), which employs a polarization-maintaining fiber ring resonator with a photoinduced birefringent grating, is presented. The polarization conversion due to the photoinduced birefringent grating can stabilize the resonator output, which result in the reduction of the bias in the R-FOG output. The influences of the parameters, such as the fluctuation of the input polarization, the resonator finesse, and the photoinduced index change of the dielectric tensor, on the bias in the gyro-output have been investigated. Our results show that with the help of a photoinduced birefringent grating the bias in the gyro-output can be limited around 10^-7 rad/s (0.02 deg/hr), a typical specification for the aircraft-navigation     

混合导光双芯光子晶体光纤及分束器

设计了一种基于全内反射和光子带隙效应两种导光机制的混合导光双芯光子晶体光纤,以耦合模式理论为基础,利用全矢量有限元法和平面波展开法分析了其有效折射率和耦合长度特性。数值分析结果表明:通过改变光纤中大空气孔直径及孔间距,可以调节耦合长度的大小,通过改变高折射率柱直径以及高折射率柱的有效折射率,可以调节耦合长度大小及耦合长度极大值的位置。利用所设计的混合导光双芯光子晶体光纤制作的偏振分束器,其长度为5.2 mm,在31 nm带宽范围内,分光比小于-30 dB;在60 nm带宽范围内,分光比小于-20 dB。     

Laser diode frequency stabilization with a fiber ring resonator

To improve the frequency stabilization of laser diode in the laser frequency scanned interferometric metrology, a modified method is proposed by using a fiber ring resonator. The theoretical analysis of this modified method is performed. Moreover, the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique is employed to obtain the frequency discrimination curve of a fiber ring resonator, whose finesse is 1260 and line-width is 270 kHz. The simulated results show that the curve has a steep slope near the resonant frequency, which proves the sensitivity of this system to the frequency deviation, so the modified method has great potential for the frequency stabilization of a laser diode.     

All-optical non-gate and NOR gate design of two-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator

The article provides a design of all-optical non-gate and NOR gate based on two-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator structure. This design extracts the energy band structure of two-dimensional photonic crystals by plane wave expansion method and analyzes the steady-state electric field distribution of the device structure by the finite-time-domain difference method. The results demonstrate that the non-gate and NOR gate can achieve logic functions with a response period of 0.388 ps, a contrast ratio of 8.98 d B and 7.88 d B. The high extinction ratio and small structure sizes which are only 15.2 μm×15.2 μm and 13.984 μm×24.928 μm also contribute to convenient integration. The design with ring resonator makes optical logic gate devices more diverse, providing a basis for the optimal design of integrated circuits, and it also has important application research value.     

带有环形谐振器L型弯折光子晶体波导性能的研究

本文提出了一种带有环形谐振器的L型弯折光子晶体波导结构,利用时域有限差分法研究了该波导电磁波的传输性能.分析结果表明:该结构具有宽频带、高传输率等特点,在光通讯器件制作、光子晶体集成化等方面具有潜在的应用价值.     

空芯光子晶体光纤磁敏感性研究

空芯光子晶体光纤是一种新型的陀螺用光纤,较传统光纤具有良好的抗磁性,光纤的磁敏感性是由光纤的Verdet 常数来表征的。为研究空芯光子晶体光纤的磁敏感性,利用Comsol 软件对HC-1550-2 空芯光子晶体光纤的Verdet 常数进行仿真计算,选用含有法拉第旋转反射镜(FRM)的反射式双光路测量方案对空芯光子晶体光纤的Verdet 常数进行实验测量。双光路测量系统中的FRM 可以消除被测光纤中线性双折射对测量的影响。仿真与测量结果相吻合,且由结果可知空芯光子晶体光纤的Verdet 常数约为传统光纤的1/100 倍,验证了空芯光子晶体光纤在陀螺降低磁敏感性方面的优势。     

Extending transmission bandwidth of air-core photonic bandgap fibers

Air-core photonic bandgap fibers offer many unique properties and are critical to many emerging applications. A notable property is the high nonlinear threshold which provides a foundation for applications at high peak powers. The strong interaction of light and air is also essential for a number of emerging applications, especially those based on nonlinear interactions and spectroscopy. For many of those applications, much wider transmission bandwidths are desired to accommodate a wider tuning range or the large number of optical wavelengths involved. Presently, air-core photonic bandgap fibers have a cladding of hexagonal lattice. The densely packed geometry of hexagonal stacking does not allow large nodes in the cladding, which would provide a further increase of photonic bandgaps. On the other hand, a photonic cladding with a square lattice can potentially provide much larger nodes and consequently wider bandgap. In this work, the potentials of much wider bandgap with square lattice cladding is theoretically studied and experimentally demonstrated.     

调相谱检测技术下光纤环腔的谐振特性

调相谱检测技术是谐振式光学陀螺信号检测的重要手段。根据贝塞尔函数展开与光场叠加原理,理论分析了光纤环形谐振腔的传输特性;搭建了谐振特性测试系统,采用LiNbO3相位调制,针对不同调制频率与调制电压条件下光纤环的谐振特性和解调曲线特性开展了实验,对实验结果进行分析,得到了调制频率、调制电压与光纤环形谐振腔谐振信号及解调信号之间的关系,实验结果与理论分析相符;并对调制过程中出现的谷裂现象进行了测试与分析,通过实验数据拟合,得到了产生谷裂现象的临界调制频率与调制电压值之间的关系。     

High sensitive photonic crystal ring resonator structure applicable for optical integrated circuits

Quality factor and refractive sensitivity are significant parameters in designing optical devices such as filters, demultiplexers, switches and sensors. In this paper, we proposed a novel structure for photonic crystal ring resonator with octagon-shaped core. The transmission efficiency of the proposed ring resonator at \(\lambda =1551\,\hbox {nm}\) is about 99.6 % with bandwidth and quality factor values equal to 0.3 nm and 5170. The proposed structure is very sensitive upon the variation of refractive index of total structure and core part of the resonator, such that the refractive index sensitivity to the refractive index of total structure and the resonant ring core is \(\Delta \lambda /\Delta \lambda =3.1\,\hbox {nm}\,/\,0.01\) and \(\Delta \lambda /\Delta \hbox {n}=2.9\,\hbox {nm}\,/\,0.01\), respectively.