生物肥料生产的工业性试验

介绍５０Ｌ气升式发酵罐用于生物肥料发酵生产的工业性试验。采用菌体光密度、活菌数等指标对细菌的生长情况进行了测定,并用溶氧电极法对该设备的传质性能进行测定。证明用５０Ｌ气升式发酵罐发酵生产生物肥工业化是可行的。     

井岗霉素发酵过程建模

以双底物模型对井岗霉素发酵过程进行描述,建立了发酵过程数学模型及工业发酵罐氧浓度和菌丝耗氧速率的测量方法,并运用该模型定量分析了发酵罐操作参数ｋＬａ与菌丝生长的关系。     

长川霉素发酵条件的优化

考察了发酵过程中接种、培养基、搅拌速度、通气量对长川霉素(Changchuanmycin)发酵的影响，通过实验确定了250L发酵罐的批式发酵条件为，以5％～10％的接种量在36～40h时接种，搅拌速度发酵前期为200rpm，然后逐步提高至400rpm；通气量发酵前期为0．6vvm，中期为1．0vvm，后期为0．6vvm；发酵过程中溶氧控制在30％以上，可以使发酵单位达到380μg/ml。     

苏云金杆菌在外环流气升式反应器中发酵工艺的研究

将冷模实验中选出的优化结构外环流气升式反应器 ,用于苏云金杆菌的发酵。通过对通风量、发酵温度等工艺参数的实验 ,得出该工艺过程的最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明 ,该工艺技术不仅能耗低、操作方便、控温精度高 ,且比普通的机械搅拌发酵罐发酵周期缩短 9h,发酵水平提高 35 %     

木薯淀粉水解物发酵生产衣康酸的研究

本工作阐述利用木薯淀粉水解液发酵生产高附加值的衣康酸产品。我们选育出衣康酸高产菌株Aspergillus Terrus L-64,并通过摇瓶发酵和10L全自动发酵罐发酵实验来优化发酵条件。在35℃，初始pH3。0，通气量0．2－0．3vvm，转速200rpm的条件下发酵68h，转化率可达65％－68％。在高浓度淀粉水解物（即高糖）培养基中产酸率可高达9％以上。产品回收率为85％以上。在此基础上，我们进行了1000L发酵罐试验，结果甚佳。可见，本项目在广西木薯淀粉工业上有极大的应用潜力。     

5000升发酵罐半连续发酵生产工艺工业性试验

本文介绍了利用樟树农业学校专利所提供的试验条件,利用鹤岗当地的原料在广东进行5000升发酵罐半连续发酵生产 HA—M 蛋白饲料的情况及试验结果。证明半连续发酵生产工艺是可行的。     

L-乳酸气升式发酵罐条件的优化

对通过诱变选育获得一株米根霉菌株R8416在气升式发酵罐中的行为条件进行了研究，探讨了淀粉液化、接种量、DO（溶解氧）、pH、中和剂等发酵条件对其产L-乳酸的影响。试验结果表明，在适当的发酵条件下该菌种对糖的转化率达到了80％。产酸率在9．8％以上，发酵周期小于48小时。     

驱油微生物DSGT的发酵及现场应用

以气升式发酵罐代替传统的动态搅拌装置对驱油微生物DSGT进行了发酵工艺条件和发酵参数的研究,通过单因素试验和正交试验得出,当循环泵流量90m3/h、喷雾喷头数量65个、发酵温度65℃、培养基量2%、发酵时间60h、营养因子配比3时,菌浓可达到4.8×108个/ml,且气升式反应器的发酵效果明显好于传统搅拌式反应釜。高效生物活性剂能提高菌种繁殖速度和数量,添加量0.5‰时菌浓可提高到7.8×108个/ml。现场试验表明,注入微生物菌液前后,采出井日产液由41t上升到54.6t,增幅33.1%;日产油由8.9t上升到19.1t,增幅114%;含水由78.2%降到65%;平均每天单井增油0.7t,投入产出比为1:1.99。     

机械搅拌通风发酵罐的节能设计

据数据统计,机械搅拌通风发酵罐搅拌所消耗的能源占发酵全过程的一半左右,提出了一种在机械搅拌通风发酵罐内增加射流混合来强化通风发酵罐溶氧过程和降低其发酵能耗的设计：用由喷嘴、混合管和循环管组成的射流混合器来强化机械搅拌通风发酵罐的第一次气体分散,从而可减少发酵罐坡低层的搅拌器,同时根据混合的要求合理设计其余各层搅拌器的直径;所设计的发酵罐比现有的机械搅拌通风发酵罐能耗降低32．5％以上,合应用是机械搅拌通风发酵罐提高溶氧效果、发酵水平提高;生产实践说明,射流混合和机械搅拌结降低能耗的一种有效方法。     

山东鲁抗医药集团成功改进青霉素罐接种工艺

山东鲁抗医药集团公司与山东大学发酵工程国家重点实验室的研究人员近期对青霉素发酵罐的接种工艺进行了改进，打破了种罐种子液接种控制在10％～15％的传统，接入20％的种罐种子液和109／6的发酵至60小时的前期发酵凌，使总接种量达到30％，大幅提高了青霉素的生产效率。研究人员认为，新工艺具有较高的生产推广价值；     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.