化学镀Co-Ni-P合金薄膜化学成分的考察

考察了影响化学镀Ｃｏ－Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金薄膜化学成分的因素,镀液中ｃｃｏ＾２＋／（ｃｏ＾２＋ｃＮｉ＾２＋）的比值越高和总金属离子浓度越低,薄膜的钴含量越高,镍和磷的含量越低。较高的ｐＨ值和较厚的薄膜会提高薄膜的钴含量,降低镍含量,磷元素倾向于偏聚在晶界上。     

氯化物溶液中电镀锌镍合金

提出氯化物镀液中锌镍合金电镀配方，镀液中Ｎｉ＾２＋浓度不同，镀层镍含量不同。在４５－５５℃－５５℃，Ｄｋ为５－２５ｍＡ／ｃｍ＾２，镀液Ｎｉ＾２＋／Ｚｎ＾２＋／Ｚｎ＾２＋为６％－３７％时，能获得满意的镀层。结果表明，锌镍合金镀层性能优于纯锌镀层。     

CH型絮凝剂处理废水的研究

研究了ＣＨ型絮凝剂对废水中重金属离子去除效果,结果表明,对废水中Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾６＋等单一离子（浓度２０￣４０ｍｇ／Ｌ）的去除率大于９０％,对混合废水中的Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾３＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋等（各离子浓度２０￣－４０ｍｇ／Ｌ）的去除率均大于９６％。     

有机溶剂萃取在废转化触媒回收镍中的应用实验

以Ｐ５０７有机膦酸酯作萃取剂，利用溶剂萃取法，在ｐＨ＝３、相比为１：２的条件下，经过四级萃取，可将含Ｎｉ＾２＋溶液（Ｎｉ＾２＋含量５．６１％）中的杂质Ｚｎ＾２＋含量从３２９６ｐｐｍ降至６８ｐｐｍ。该法可应用废转化触媒回收镍中杂质锌的分离。     

离子交换层析分离—EDTA法测定硫化胶中的Ca^＋＋,Mg^＋＋Zn^＋＋

用离子交换树脂分离硫化胶中的Ｃａ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋Ｚｎ＾２＋等共存离子，以便消除组液时的互相干扰，用常规法依次测定，不加入掩蔽剂，避免了常规法在测定它们时使用的剧毒化学试剂－氰化钾作为掩蔽剂而对操作者及环境所带来的危害。     

镍磷合金镀液稳定性的探讨

在电镀过程中，含亚磷酸的镍磷合金镀液的ＰＨ值和Ｎｉ＾２＋离子浓度随电镀时间的延长而增大。本文分析其原因，并提出采用不溶性阳极与可溶性阳极配合或交替地使用。可使镀液ＰＨ和Ｎｉ＾２＋离子浓度稳定。     

硫酸镍结晶母液的渗析净化

本文应用Ｓ２０３膜对含Ｈ２ＳＯ４〉５５０ｇ／Ｌ的硫酸镍结晶母液进行渗析净化的工业性试验。结果表明：渗析工艺能满足现行铜电解生产工艺流程对净化效果的要求，回收酸与Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｆｅ＾３＋Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｂｉ＾３＋等离子能有效分离，当水／酸值取０．９－１．１，单位处理能力≯５０Ｌ／ｍ＾２．ｄ时，回收酸浓度〉２７４ｇ／Ｌ；残液酸浓度〈２８０ｇ／Ｌ，阳离子截留率〉９０％。     

高效液膜分离富集水和工业废水中微量氟

用Ｎ５０３、ＳＰＡＮ８０和煤油等太液膜体系分离集Ｆ，在适宜条件下能迅速、定量迁移富集Ｆ。许多常见离子在此条件下，则不能通过液膜迁移内相中，从含有Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｃｏ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾３＋和Ｍｎ＾３＋等离子混合溶液２中分离富集Ｆ，氟的回收率为９９．５－１００．４％，ＲＳＤ在３．８％以下。     

Fe^3＋—阳离子交换树脂催化苯羟苯化合成苯酚

对Ｆｅ＾３＋－阳离子交换树脂催化苯羟化合成苯酚进行了研究，考察了催化剂的种类，反应温度，Ｈ２Ｏ２浓度及反应物投料比和催化剂的用量对反应的影响，并对催化剂的稳定性进行了研究。在优惠条件下，苯酚产率为３２％，苯酚选择性为９０％。     

季铵萃取分离钴、镍的生产性实验

在萃取分离钴、镍的基础上,根据串级模拟计算结果合理安排工艺流程,进行了与生产规模相当的生产性实验. 结果表明季铵氯化物萃取分离钴、镍的工艺可行, 稳定可靠, 经济合理. 对氯离子浓度较低的料液, 季铵比叔胺更优越, 特别适合从高镍低钴的低浓度氯化物介质中萃取分离钴、镍.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。